Surgical School
The surgical school , also called the surgeon school , originally a school for country doctors , was a medical training center for surgeons and bathers in the 18th and 19th centuries .
history
While academically trained physicians received their training at universities, non-academic training at the school for country doctors was sufficient for country doctors ( surgeons ), surgeons and bathers.
Bavaria
In the Kingdom of Bavaria there was a new medical regulation in 1808, according to which only those country doctors were admitted who had completed at least one training at such a "School for Country Doctors", which was officially renamed "Surgical School" in 1823.
Since 1809 there was a surgical school in Munich and Bamberg . The Munich School was relocated to Landshut in 1826/1827 after the University of Landshut was dissolved in 1826 and integrated into the University of Munich .
After taking over surgery and obstetrics into the official teaching program of the universities, the surgical schools became training institutions for bathers and only conveyed professional knowledge for lower medical auxiliary services. On March 21, 1843, the schools in Bavaria were completely dissolved by royal decree.
Braunschweig
In the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and its successor state, the Duchy of Braunschweig , the " Anatomical-Surgical Institute " existed in Braunschweig from 1750 to 1869 .
Hanover
In the Kingdom of Hanover there was the Hanover Surgical School from 1825 , which emerged from two older educational institutions in Celle and Hanover.
Prussia
In Prussia there was the Pépinière in Berlin from 1795 to 1919 , a "nursery" for military doctors to improve the skills of army surgeons. In 1818 it was renamed the “Medicinisch-Surgical Friedrich Wilhelm Institute” and in 1895 the “Kaiser Wilhelm Academy for Military Medical Education”. The schools of surgeons - thus the separation of doctors and surgeons - were abolished in 1852.
Westphalia
In the Kingdom of Westphalia there was the surgical school in Münster between 1821 and 1849 .
Austria
Until 1814 there was a surgical school in Innsbruck and from 1811 to 1814 one in Salzburg .
Known teachers
- Franz Anton von Balling (1800–1875) - Landshut 1832–1833
- Theodor Engelbrecht (1813–1892) - Braunschweig 1844–1869
- Johann Goercke (1750–1822) - Berlin (Pépinière) 1795–1797
- Ernst von Grossi (1782–1829) - Munich 1809–1814; 1824-1826
- Johann Heinrich Oesterreicher (1802–1843) - Landshut 1831–1843
- Eugen Rosshirt (1795–1872) - Bamberg
- Joseph August Schultes (1773–1831) - Landshut 1826 / 27–1831
- Louis Stromeyer (1804–1873) - Hanover
- Adam Ulsamer (1795 – after 1840) - Landshut 1830 until death
Use of language
Experts also speak of a certain surgical school (“school opinion ”) when they mean the same treatment or operation method by different surgeons who have received identical training (e.g. from the same professor).
literature
- Hans Killian , Gertrud Krämer: Master of surgery and the surgeon schools in the entire German-speaking area , Verlag G. Thieme, Stuttgart 1951, ISBN 313359902X .
- Georg Ferdinand Döllinger: Collection of the existing ordinances in the area of the internal state administration of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Volume 15, page 81 (§36: The establishment of schools for rural doctors ), Verlag Döllinger, Munich 1838 ( digital copy )
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert, Richard Bauer: Handbook of the Bavarian offices, municipalities and courts 1799–1980 , page 75, Verlag Law, 1983 ( digitized version )
- ↑ Gunnar Stollberg, Ingo Tamm: The internal differentiation in German hospitals up to the First World War , page 137, Hospitalsverlag, 2001 ( digitized version )
- ^ Karl-Rudolf Döhnel: The Anatomical-Surgical Institute in Braunschweig 1750–1869 , In: Braunschweiger Werkstücke , publications from the archive, library and museum of the city, Volume 19, orphanage book printing and publishing house, Braunschweig 1957
- ↑ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch for the Kingdom of Hanover for the year 1837 , Hanover: printed and published by E. Berenberg, Georgstrasse 19, 1836/37, pp. 413–414; Digitized via Google books
- ^ Ernst Peter Johann Spangenberg : 1784 , in ders .: Historical-statistical-topographical description of the city of Celle in the Kingdom of Hanover , Celle: GEF Schulze'sche Buchhandlung, 1826, p. 64f .; here: p. 65; Digitized via Google books
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert, Richard Bauer: Handbook of the Bavarian offices, municipalities and courts 1799–1980 , page 75, Verlag Law, 1983 ( digitized version )