Friedrich Jacobs (philologist)

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Friedrich Jacobs
Signature Friedrich Jacobs (philologist) .PNG

Friedrich Christian Wilhelm Jacobs (born October 6, 1764 in Gotha ; † March 30, 1847 ibid) was a German classical philologist , numismatist and writer .

Life

Honor grave in Gotha

The son of a Gotha civil servant family attended the Illustre grammar school and from 1781 studied philology and theology in Jena and Göttingen . In 1785 he became a teacher at the Illustre grammar school in Gotha. From 1802 he also took a position at the local public library. In 1807 Jacobs went to Munich , where he worked as a teacher of ancient literature at the Lyceum and at the same time as a private teacher to Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria . In Munich he was appointed court counselor and in 1807 a full member of the philological-historical class of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .

Not least because of the hostility to which he was exposed as a teacher from the Protestant Duchy of Saxony-Gotha in Catholic Bavaria , he returned to Gotha in 1810 after refusing a call to the newly founded Berlin University . There he worked until 1841 as senior librarian and director of the coin cabinet . He also taught at the Ernestinum.

After his departure, he remained at the Bavarian Academy as a corresponding member. In 1811 he was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen . In 1846, the year it was founded, he was elected a full member of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences .

In addition to his catalog work on cataloging the library holdings, from 1814 to 1823 he was responsible for the processing of the ducal private library and the book holdings in Schloss Friedrichswerth and Schloss Molsdorf .

Jacobs was a popular and successful teacher and prolific publicist. His elementary book of the Greek language was a language textbook that was published and copied many times. He published his translation of Demosthenes ' political speeches ( State speeches , together with the speech for Demosthenes ' crown , 1805) for explicitly anti- Napoleonic motives.

Of particular importance, however, is its large number of philological editions, especially the text-critical edition of the Anthologia graeca published in 13 volumes from 1798 to 1814 and the associated additions to the Codex Palatinus (1813–1817, 3 volumes). He also wrote commentaries on the works of Johannes Stobaios , Euripides , Athenaios and the Iliaca of Johannes Tzetzes .

Jacobs became a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin in 1812 because of his literary services . In 1837 Jacobs received the Knight's Cross of the Saxon-Ernestine House Order.

His youngest son Paul Emil Jacobs (1802–1866) was a history and portrait painter.

His estate is in the Gotha Research Library .

On the occasion of his 50th anniversary in office, he was made an honorary citizen of Gotha on August 29, 1835. A grave of honor "for the honorary citizen Friedrich Jacobs and three mayors" has been in the main cemetery in Gotha since 2010 (ring tomb Lord Mayor). In his honor, the former Carolinenstrasse below (north) of Friedenstein Castle was named after Jacobs in 1858.

He lived in the building of house number 3, the later Duchess Marie Institute founded by Alix Humbert, which was destroyed in an air mine attack in 1944.

Major works

philology

Works

  • Specimen emendationum in auctores veters cum graccos tum latinos . Ettinger, Gotha 1786
  • Animadversiones In Evripidis Tragoedias. Accedvnt Emendationes In Stobaevm, Epistola Critica Ad Nicolavm Schow Virvm Clarissimvm . Ettinger, Gotha 1790
  • Emendationes in anthologiam graecam . Leipzig 1793
  • Exercitationes criticae in scriptores veteres . Dyck, Leipzig 1796/97, 2 vols. (Volume 1: Curae secundae in Euripidis tragoedias ; Volume 2: Animadversiones criticae in Callistrati statuas et Philostratorum imagines )
  • Elementary book of the Greek language for beginners and more experienced . Frommann, Jena 1805 ff., 4 vols.
  • Auxiliary book for the Greek elementary beech . Steinacker, Leipzig 1808 ff.
  • Additamenta animadversionum in Athenaeum . Jena 1809
  • Lectiones Stobaeenses . Jena 1827
  • Hellas . Berlin 1852 (posthumous elaboration of the lectures given to the Bavarian Crown Prince in 1808 and 1809 by Ernst Friedrich Wüstemann )

Editions

Translations

  • Vellejus (Leipzig 1793)
  • Athenian letters (from English, with annotations, Leipzig 1799–1800, 2 vols.)
  • Tempe (selection of Greek epigrams, Leipzig 1803, 2 vols.)
  • State speeches, together with the speech for the crown of Demosthenes (Leipzig 1805, 2nd edition 1833)
  • Longus Shepherd Stories by Daphnis and Chloe in four books (Metzler, Stuttgart 1832)
  • Heliodor's ten books of Ethiopian stories (Greek prose writers in new translations, Mainz 1837)
  • Contributions to the translated works by Osiander and Schwad as well as Klotz

Other contributions

Fiction

  • Selection from the papers of a stranger (Leipzig 1818–1822, 3 vols.)
  • Harvesting grain from the diary of the pastor of Mainau (Leipzig 1823–1825, 2 vols.)
  • School for women (Leipzig 1827–1829, 7 vols.)
  • Stories (Leipzig 1824–1837, 7 vols.)
  • Writings for the youth (Leipzig 1842–1844, 3 vol.).

expenditure

  • Mixed writings (Gotha and Leipzig 1823–1844, 8 vol.), Therein as the 7th volume Jacobs' autobiography under the title Personalalien (2nd edition 1848)
  • also as the 9th volume Jacobs' correspondence with Franz Göller (edited by Heinrich Düntzer , Gotha and Leipzig 1862)

literature

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Jacobs  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 123.