Climbazole

Structural formula
1: 1 mixture of ( R ) -form (top) and ( S ) -form (bottom)
General
Surname	Climbazole
other names	( RS ) -1- (4-chlorophenoxy) -1- (1 H -imidazol-1-yl) -3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one (±) -1- (4-Chlorophenoxy) -1- (1 H -imidazol-1-yl) -3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one CLIMBAZOLE ( INCI )
Molecular formula	C 15 H 17 ClN 2 O 2
Brief description	white crystalline powder
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 38083-17-9 EC number 253-775-4 ECHA InfoCard 100,048,870 PubChem 37907 ChemSpider 34752 Wikidata Q629373
properties
Molar mass	292.76 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	95.5 ° C
solubility	practically insoluble in water (5.5 mg l −1 )
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution H and P phrases H: 302-410 P: 264-270-273-301 + 312-330-391-501
Toxicological data	400 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Climbazole is a chemical compound that has an antifungal and fungistatic effect, i.e. it inhibits the growth of fungi . A 1: 1 mixture of the two stereoisomers is typically used in commercial products .

properties

Climbazole is an organohalogen compound and is considered to be very effective. It is a white to grayish crystalline powder and has a characteristic odor; however, this inherent odor can easily be covered with perfume oils . Climbazole belongs to the substance class of the antifungal azoles and is hardly soluble in water. The solubility at ambient temperature in cosmetic solvents and in perfume oils is very good. Climbazol is very light and heat resistant. It is easy to store and not hygroscopic .

use

Climbazole is used in anti-dandruff shampoos because dandruff has been linked to certain fungi (such as Malassezia furfur ) that colonize the scalp .

Risk assessment

If it is absorbed into the body, climbazole can split off chlorophenol , which is suspected of being carcinogenic. Organohalogen compounds are controversial because some of them accumulate in the environment. In September 2007, the Federal Ministry of Consumer Protection implemented an EU directive that further restricted the use of climbazole. Cosmetics with a climbazole content of 0.5 percent were only allowed to be placed on the market in Germany until March 22, 2008 and sold to end consumers until June 23, 2008.

In 2013, Climbazole was included in the EU's ongoing action plan ( CoRAP ) in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) as part of substance evaluation . The effects of the substance on human health and the environment are re-evaluated and, if necessary, follow-up measures are initiated. The reasons for the inclusion of climbazole were concerns about consumer use and widespread use as well as the dangers arising from a possible assignment to the group of CMR substances. The re-evaluation has been running since 2014 and is carried out by Belgium . In order to be able to reach a final assessment, further information was requested.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Entry on CLIMBAZOLE in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on December 17, 2019.
2. ↑ Entry on Climbazole. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on December 29, 2014.
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Entry on Climbazole in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .
4. ↑ Entry on climbazole in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), accessed on February 28, 2017.
5. ↑ Community rolling action plan ( CoRAP ) of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): Climbazole , accessed on May 20, 2019.