Confident Enterprise 83

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Leopard 1 battle tank of I. Zug / 4. Kp / PzBtl 153 during Exercise Confident Enterprise in 1983

Confident Enterprise 83 ( German "trustworthy company" ) / REFORGER 83 was a German and US-American FTX military maneuver of NATO in Hesse , which took place in autumn 1983 and in which a total of 61,000 NATO soldiers took part. Confident Enterprise 83, which was part of the Autumn Forge 83 series of maneuvers , took place in connection with the Able Archer 83 staff frame exercise in a geopolitically extremely tense overall context between the two power blocs.

Division of troops

The BLUE exercise force was composed as follows:

In addition, there were the following REFORGER troops BLUE:

ORANGE was structured as follows:

Other units with unknown assignment:

  • 130th U.S. Engineer Brigade
  • 22nd U.S. Signal Brigade
  • 12th U.S. Aviation Brigade
  • 205th U.S. Military Intelligence Brigade

scope

Confident Enterprise 83 under the guidance of the V US Corps took place from August 25 to October 30, 1983 in the Ulrichstein , Schlitz , Bad Hersfeld , Hanau , Mainz , Mannheim , Saarbrücken , Bad Kreuznach , Koblenz , Gießen and Fulda area instead of. 61,000 soldiers (58,000 US soldiers and 3,000 Bundeswehr soldiers), as well as 16,500 wheeled and tracked vehicles were involved in the NATO exercise. In addition, 600 helicopters were used.

procedure

Schlitz, Stockhausen , Altenstadt , Alsfeld , Bad Hersfeld, Lauterbach and Romsthal served as the agglomeration of Confident Enterprise 83 . The associations used the following disposal areas:

For exercise Confident Enterprise 83, which took place at the same time as the Dutch exercise “Atlantic Lion” and in which parts of the 1st US Cavalry Division from Ft. Hood, Texas, 8,000 US REFORGER soldiers were flown into the training room from the US. The task of the REFORGER forces was to build up quick reserves on the theater of war and, after a short preparation period, to intervene in the fighting. The troops landed in Amsterdam-Schiphol, Brussels, Frankfurt and Düsseldorf. while the material was shipped to Antwerp, Vlissingen and Rotterdam.

The advance command began to march on August 25, 1983, the official start of the exercise on September 19, 1983 and the end of the exercise on September 23, 1983. The return march ended on October 30, 1983. Bridges were built across the Rhine and Main during exercise Confident Enterprise 83 . The air landing south of Butzbach on the night of September 18-19 was carried out by the 1/75 US infantry battalion of the rangers . The rangers were picked up from Ft. Stewart, Georgia, flown straight into Germany. In the Ober-Moos, Radmühl and Birstein area, mine barriers were set up by the 23rd US Engineer Battailon and the field guns of the 41st US Field Artillery Brigade were relocated several times using CH-47 Chinook transport helicopters.

The Army Exercise Confident Enterprise 83 was supported by the Allied Air Force Exercise " Cold Fire ". The practice was based on the tactical concept of the Air-Land Battle System 2000. The “Integrated Battlefield” according to the US Field Manual 100-5 in the combined and multi-phase use of conventional, nuclear and chemical weapons was examined. After the field maneuver had been completed, the REFORGER troops carried out target exercises. The training force was required to observe and report Soviet Soxmis vehicles (Soviet military mission).

During the Confident Enterprise 83 maneuver, the US Army first practiced the registration of large numbers of dead and the digging of mass graves in a forest near Hanau , which was later criticized by Federal Defense Minister Manfred Wörner .

Large device

Inserted large equipment have included M60 A3 Patton -Kampfpanzer, M1 Abrams , M113 MTW transport tanks, M88 A1 , M60 AVLB (Armored Vehicle Launched Bridge) Pionierpanzer, M728 CEV Pionierpanzer, Bergepanzer M578 , M109 A3 -Panzerhaubitzen and CH-47 Chinook -Transporthubschrauber.

Innovations

The newly deployed large military equipment included the AH64 Apache attack helicopter, the UH-60 "Blackhawk" , the M1 Abrams (introduced into the force in 1982) as well as the M2 / M3 Bradley infantry fighting vehicle and the MLRS rocket launcher.

See also

Web links

Commons : REFORGER 1983  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

media

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ Field Training Exercise, free-running exercise for the full force
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Confident Enterprise 83 / REFORGER 83 on M136
  3. ↑ https://books.google.de/books?id=IGjoHE9x6T4C&pg=RA2-PA42&lpg=RA2-PA42&dq=Confident+Enterprise+83&source=bl&ots=CjdIgtY9Ag&sig=ACfU3U2Y4Ic9RCTBO-zVxiAAk0w7u-VuoQ&hl=de&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjh2ejzhJ_pAhXB2aQKHWgTCzgQ6AEwEXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q = Confident% 20Enterprise% 2083 & f = false Short Tour in Europe. Soldiers Magazine. US Army. Volume 39, 1983 (en.)
  4. ^ Secret documents on NATO maneuvers. That was how close the world came to nuclear war in 1983. The mirror. 3rd November 2013
  5. ↑ Meant are probably also many fighter planes
  6. ^ Airland Battle 2000. Headquarters United States Army Training and Doctrine Command. August 10, 1982
  7. ^ John L. Romjue: From Active Defense to AirLand Battle: The Development of Army Doctrine 1973-1982. US Army Training and Doctrine Command. June 1984. (en.)
  8. ↑ If the deterrent fails ... Everything would be destroyed within hours. The imploring appeals for peace from last year are already looking stale. The time. 5th October 1984
  9. ^ Susanne Schregel: The nuclear war in front of the apartment door: A political history of the new peace movement in the Federal Republic 1970–1985 (historical political research). Campus publishing house. 2011. p. 180 ISBN 978-359-339478-7 .
  10. ↑ mass burial procedures
  11. ↑ US Army. As required. During the autumn maneuver, American soldiers practiced digging mass graves for the first time. The mirror. 3rd October 1983
  12. ↑ possibly a prototype, because the helicopter was only put into service in April 1986