Gedern
coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 25 ' N , 9 ° 12' E |
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Basic data | ||
State : | Hesse | |
Administrative region : | Darmstadt | |
County : | Wetteraukreis | |
Height : | 313 m above sea level NHN | |
Area : | 75.24 km 2 | |
Residents: | 7277 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
Population density : | 97 inhabitants per km 2 | |
Postal code : | 63688 | |
Area code : | 06045 | |
License plate : | FB, BÜD | |
Community key : | 06 4 40 009 | |
City structure: | 6 districts | |
City administration address : |
Schlossberg 7 63688 Gedern |
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Website : | ||
Mayor : | Guido Kempel ( independent ) | |
Location of the city of Gedern in the Wetterau district | ||
Gedern is a small town in Hesse in the northeast of the Wetterau district . The place is a recognized climatic health resort .
geography
Geographical location
The city of Gedern is located about 50 km northeast of Frankfurt am Main on the edge of the Vogelsberg , about in the middle of Hesse . It is located in a valley in the Vogelsberg low mountain range, roughly halfway between Fulda (37 km) and Frankfurt am Main (50 km). It is part of the Hoher Vogelsberg Nature Park . Gedern is at an altitude of 357 m.
City structure and neighboring communities
Gedern consists of the districts Gedern, Mittel-Seemen , Nieder-Seemen , Ober-Seemen , Steinberg and Wenings .
In the north Gedern borders on the town of Schotten ( Vogelsbergkreis ), in the northeast on the municipality Grebenhain (Vogelsbergkreis), in the east on the municipality Birstein ( Main-Kinzig-Kreis ), in the south on the municipality Kefenrod , in the southwest on the town Ortenberg as well in the west to the community of Hirzenhain . Gedern borders directly on the Vogelsbergkreis.
history
middle Ages
Gedern was first mentioned on May 24, 780 in a document issued by the Lorsch Monastery as Gauuirada / Gauuirida . In 797 Regniher donated the Gederner Marienkirche and 18 servants to the Lorsch Monastery. In 1000 AD Gedern is mentioned in a Fulda document as "Gewiridi", in 1187 "Wenings" is mentioned for the first time in a property register of the Johanniter zu Nidda . In 1247, after the death of Gerlach von Büdigen, Gedern fell to those of Breuberg and Trimberg. The families Kempenich, Ysenburg and Breuberg were entitled to inheritance.
1316 enfeoffed Archbishop Baldwin of Trier Eberhard III. von Breuberg with the jurisdiction of Gedern and half of the village. In 1320, Ober-Seemen was first mentioned as "Ober-Siemene" when Luther von Isenburg confirmed the sale of the " tithe " in a document . The Gedern Regional Court fell to Trimberg in 1327. In 1336, Emperor Ludwig the Bayer granted Wenings town rights . The first wave of plague struck Gedern in the years 1348-1352. The award of market and town rights to Konrad von Trimberg for the place "Gaudern" (Gedern) by Emperor Charles IV took place in 1356. The Trimberg line died out in 1376 and "Gaudern" (Gedern) fell to Eppenstein-Königstein. In 1381 Eberhard von Eppenstein pledged the Gedern Court to Engelbert von Lißberg and the Lords of Hanau and Schlitz. In 1398 Gottfried von Eppenstein found Johann von Rodenstein in Lißberg with 330 guilders; the Lords of Lißberg had died out. In 1424 all liens on Gedern were redeemed, so Eppenstein was the sole owner. During the peasant uprising in 1431, the ironworks in Gedern and Hirzenhain were destroyed. In 1465 Eberhard von Eppenstein bought the "Klein Niddern" desert, so the forest smithy of Gedern is also mentioned in a document. Wenings was declared a fortress town in 1467 after the city wall, five towers and three mighty gates had been completed.
In 1468 a certificate was issued about the granting of the pastor's office in Gedern. This also shows that the churches in Ober-, Mittel- and Niederseemen as well as in Volkartshain are dependent on the church in Gedern. In 1497 the Gedern court fell to the Königstein family, seven years later (1504) Böß-Gesäß was eliminated from the Gedern court.
Early modern age
In 1524 Gedern and Wenings became Lutheran . In 1530 the ironworks on Schmitterberg ceased; Today it is still easy to see where the ore quarry was located. With Eberhard IV. Von Eppstein-Königstein, his line died out in the male line, and the rule of Gedern thus fell to Count Ludwig II. Von Stolberg-Wernigerode in 1535 . On July 29, 1568, the city of "Gaidern" received the right to hold two annual markets through Emperor Maximilian II . In 1572 the “Schmitterberg” ironworks was leased to Hirzenhain. The Gedern ironworks, which was destroyed in the peasant uprisings, was rebuilt in 1585.
Gedern is one of the areas in which the Solms land law of 1571 was accepted under customary law , but only partially . This applied in particular to the areas of guardianship law , inheritance and matrimonial property law . Moreover, the applied Common Law . It was not until January 1, 1900, when the Civil Code , which was uniformly valid throughout the German Reich , that the old particular law was suspended .
In 1635 the second wave of plagues reached the city. In 1638 the county of Stolberg was divided, Gedern became the seat of the older line. After the end of the Thirty Years' War , the city and surrounding villages were almost completely depopulated.
Between 1675 and 1710, Count Ludwig Christian expanded Gedern Palace into his residence. A gallows was built in 1678, the brewery was built in 1679, and the rent office was completed in 1710 . The current baroque tower dome, which replaced a Gothic spire, was given to the Gedern church in 1738.
In 1742, Count Friedrich Karl was elevated to the rank of prince by Emperor Karl VII against payment of a considerable sum of money.
Beginning of the modern age
After the Stolberg-Gedern line died out in 1804, Gedern fell to the main line of the Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode , who had to cede Gedern to the Grand Duchy of Hesse as early as 1806 through the Rhine Confederation Act .
The memorial nave was converted into a basilica in 1884.
In 1888 the Oberwaldbahn (Stockheim – Gedern railway line) was completed.
In 1905 the first water pipes were installed in Gedern, and remnants of the wall were discovered on today's Frankfurterstrasse and Lauterbacherstrasse, which suggest city gates, but not large ones. The steepest permitted railway line in Germany was opened in 1906. It covered the stretch from Gedern to Ober-Seemen (as of 1995). Today the volcano bike path runs here. The Fransecky Monument was unveiled in 1907, and in the 1960s it had to give way to the new Volksbank building and the parking deck. In 1925 Gedern was accepted into the Federation of Upper Hesse Cities. In 1926 Gedern was part of the Büdingen district. Gedern also received its city arms in 1926. In 1929 the district hospital was built and put into operation.
Time of National Socialism and commemoration
Just a few weeks after the seizure of power by the Nazis, it came in Gedern violent, anti-Semitic riots that of the local SA were initiated. On the evening of March 13, 1933, a crowd met on the Schlossberg and then moved from the northern end of Gedern towards the city center. From there the crowd continued on Mühlstrasse and Untergasse. On their way, at least twelve Jewish families were visited and, in some cases, severely mistreated on the street and after forced entry into their residential buildings. Clubs and motorcycle chains were used during the abuse. The screams of the abused could be heard widely, as recorded in a court record from the district court of Gießen from 1949. On the evening of September 26, 1933, a second terrorist operation took place against Jewish residents of Gedern. At least four Jewish men were forcibly used for cleaning work. The men were forced to remove Iron Front election slogans and were supervised by members of the SA and mistreated on their way to the election posters. This took place to the applause of around 100 to 200 local spectators. In 1937 all Jews residing in Gedern had fled because of the reprisals - in 1933 118 Jewish people were still living in Gedern. The Jewish community had lost its livelihood by boycotting the shops. Many tried to escape anonymously to Frankfurt am Main , some emigrated directly abroad.
After the Second World War, the local synagogue was converted into an inn. Due to the renovation of the house, there is no longer anything to indicate its former use. In 2010 a memorial plaque was erected in front of the building, on which 35 names of families are named who had to leave Gedern between 1933 and 1937. The new and the old Jewish cemetery in Gedern were restored to a decent condition after the Second World War and are continuously maintained by the municipality.
After the Second World War
From 1950, Gedern gradually oriented itself as a family holiday resort and was later expanded and declared a climatic health resort.
In 1952 the Catholic Church purchased a piece of land to build its house of worship, and the first service was held there at Christmas 1954.
In 1969 the city of Wenings became a sister company with the French city of Nucourt.
Territorial reform
The city of Gedern in its current borders was created in 1972 through the regional reform in Hesse . At the same time, the city became part of the newly formed Wetterau district on August 1, 1972 .
Incorporations
In the course of administrative reform in Hesse were voluntarily incorporated : On December 1, 1970, until then independent municipality Ober-Seemen ; Steinberg joined on July 1, 1971 ; Burkhards, Kaulschlag, Mittel-Seemen , Nieder-Seemen , Sichenhausen and the city of Wenings followed on December 31, 1971.
Outsourcing
Originally it was assumed that in addition to the city of Schotten, Gedern would also move to the new Vogelsbergkreis, but Gedern decided on the Wetteraukreis. The former Vogelsberg communities of Burkhards, Kaulstoss and Sichenhausen were ceded to the neighboring town of Schotten on August 1, 1972.
Due to their former affiliation to Gedern, the villages of Burkhards, Kaulstoss and Sichenhausen still have the same area code as the city of Gedern, and the students go to school in Gedern.
After the territorial reform
From 1987 to 1989, Gedern hit the headlines across Germany when the Jewish doctor Dan Kiesel was exposed to anti-Semitic hostility in Gedern and then left the city. Die Zeit, the taz, the ZDF and others reported. Dan Kiesel was exposed to telephone terrorism, property damage and arson. Some citizens of Gedern defended themselves against the "press agitation against Gedern", which was even debated in the Hessian state parliament. Except for lurid reports, there is no evidence of persecution or attempted assassinations against Dan Kiesel. The State Medical Association of Hesse immediately issued statements against the agitation against Dan Kiesel.
politics
City Council
The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:
Parties and constituencies |
% 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
% 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
% 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
% 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
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CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 26.2 | 11 | 33.5 | 10 | 35.9 | 11 | 35.6 | 11 | |
FWG | Free community of voters Gedern | 32.5 | 9 | 27.8 | 9 | 25.7 | 8th | 20.9 | 7th | |
SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 20.0 | 6th | 25.8 | 8th | 24.0 | 7th | 30.1 | 9 | |
UBG | Independent Citizens Gedern | 11.3 | 3 | 8.4 | 3 | 6.2 | 2 | 7.3 | 2 | |
BLG | Citizen List Gedern | - | - | 4.6 | 1 | 6.8 | 2 | - | - | |
NPD | National Democratic Party of Germany | - | - | - | - | 1.5 | 1 | - | - | |
GREEN | Alliance 90 / The Greens | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6.1 | 2 | |
total | 100.0 | 29 | 100.0 | 31 | 100.0 | 31 | 100.0 | 31 | ||
Voter turnout in% | 45.7 | 43.0 | 45.0 | 50.1 |
mayor
The past mayoral elections produced the following results:
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With the mayoral election on September 11, 2011, Klaus Bechtold ( SPD ) was elected as the successor to the non-party graduate administrator Stefan Betz. Klaus Bechtold resigned from his position at the end of March 2015 for health reasons. The election of the mayor, which became necessary as a result, took place on July 5, 2015. The non-party Guido Kempel was elected as his successor.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved by the Ministry of the Interior on August 23, 1926.
Blazon : "On a red field with two silver stakes, two trout facing each other, stake-wise in confused colors."
In 1925/26 research was carried out in Gedern for an old coat of arms for the city, but without success. In 1885 published crests of Siebmacher no evidence was found to exist an old coat of arms, on the contrary, that Gedern have absolutely no crest there was alleged. Due to this, an application for a coat of arms was made. On August 21, 1926, the Ministry of the Interior submitted a proposal with the following reasoning, which represents the coat of arms as it can still be seen today. The minister's reasoning was as follows: The Trimberg house, with which Gedern's past is very much connected, would have been red and white, just like the state of Hesse. Therefore, the city coat of arms should consist of a red and white or red and silver striped shield. Furthermore, two trout curved outwards are said to adorn the coat of arms. When the hereditary brotherhood between the last Count of Wernigerode and Count Botho zu Stolberg took place in Wernigerode in 1417, the banner with two red trout on a white field waved from the tower of Wernigerode Castle. In 1429 Count Heinrich von Wernigerode died and his coat of arms was broken. Thus the red trout of the broken coat of arms were also proposed by the minister for the city coat of arms. On August 31, 1926, this proposal was approved by the Gedern municipal council. Furthermore, the trout also go very well with the city, because symbolically they go very well with the city's abundance of water and fish.
Town twinning
Since 1992 (based on the signing of the partnership agreement) Gedern has been sibling with the American city of Columbia in Illinois . The town twinning has its origins in the initiative of some Columbian residents who were researching their ancestors. Only around 150 years after 156 people from Wenings and the surrounding area emigrated to the USA (mainly Columbia and Waterloo) were connections to their old homeland established. This happened in 1990. A year later, a delegation from Gedern visited the emigrants in Columbia. A friendship treaty was signed in April 1992 during the Columbia people's visit. The official sibling ceremony was in Columbia, Illinois, in May 1993.
Furthermore, Gedern has been related to the Polish city of Polanow since 2004 . The Wenings district has been related to Nucourt in France since 1970 .
Public facilities
Educational institutions
Gedern has had a comprehensive school since 1972 with a secondary school, secondary school and grammar school branch up to the 10th grade.
Leisure and sports facilities
The Gederner See attracts many campers and bathers in summer. Gedern also has a heated indoor pool in the sports center on the Schmitterberg. The Gedern glider airfield is located above Lake Gedern . The so-called Vulkanradweg runs on the former Stockheim – Lauterbach (Hess) railway . The Vulkanradweg is part of the BahnRadweg Hessen , which runs on former railway lines for approx. 250 km through the Vogelsberg and the Rhön. The former train station is now used as a restaurant. The children and youth holiday village of the district of Groß-Gerau is located in the district of Ober-Seemen.
economy
In the first half of the 20th century Gedern was more of an agricultural area, but today it benefits from a large number of shops and supermarkets , as well as the Gederner See recreation area and the Vogelsberg , which is open to tourists .
traffic
Road traffic
Gedern is crossed by the federal highway 275 , which leads from Lauterbach to Bad Schwalbach im Taunus . On the northern outskirts of Gedern, federal road 275 branches off into federal road 276 , which leads from there to Schotten . These road connections lead to a high volume of traffic due to commuter traffic in the Rhine-Main area
Transportation
Until 1975 Gedern was integrated into the rail traffic between the Glauburg-Stockheim station and the Lauterbach station via the Vogelsbergbahn . The rail network was dismantled in the 1970s to 1980s. Today the Vulkanradweg is on the old railway line . Today Gedern can be reached via various local bus routes.
air traffic
Gedern has a glider airfield which gliders, self-launching motor gliders and aircraft are allowed to fly to, provided they are approved for towing gliders or motor gliders. There is also a special landing permit for a historic Messerschmitt Bf 108 (D-EBFW). Furthermore, there is a rotary radio beacon on a hill between Gedern and Ober-Seemen , which is important for international air traffic. The radio beacon is used, among other things, for arrivals and departures at Frankfurt am Main Airport . In addition to the directional radials, the radio beacon sends the GED identification code for Gedern as Morse code (- - · · - · ·) on the frequency 110.80 MHz.
Culture and sights
- Gederner castle
The Gedern Castle emerged from a fortification from the 14th century. On some of the buildings on the Schlossberg, the dates of the construction are carved, mostly these can be seen on the top stone of a (gate) arch. Based on these figures, it is easy to see that the castle area must have been expanded in several stages. But just because of the dates on the buildings, some historically interesting questions arise. The gate hall with the bridge was dated to 1605, although the castle wall was partly built in the Middle Ages. The central building of the castle dates from 1706, almost 100 years after the archway was built. In 1225 a witness was named Wolfram from Gedern, which is why the name Wolframsburg has been preserved in Gedern.
The gate hall with bridge, stables and the shield house (1605) are among the oldest buildings in the palace complex , the construction of the old brewery opposite the gate hall dates from 1679. The main building was built in different phases, which are dated to the years 1770–1710. The forge and the coach house have also been preserved . The palace complex is located in an English park .
The buildings on the Stolberg line were inhabited until 1927 and served as accommodation for the labor service until 1945 . After the war ended, homeless people and refugees were housed in the buildings. On August 1, 1987, the city of Gedern bought the castle and its outbuildings.
After extensive renovation, the city administration moved in here in 1997. A soap factory and the city archive are housed in the former stables . A cultural history museum is located in the archway house. Furthermore, there has been a 4-star hotel in the west wing of the palace since 2007.
- Willow Church
The willow church in the Steinberg district was built by the citizens so that the service could also be celebrated in the great outdoors.
Regular events
- MSC Gedern 74 e. V. Kart race "Grand Prix of Gedern"
- International Telescope Meeting Vogelsberg
- Open air concert in the palace gardens
- Lake festival on the Gederner See
- Long city run
- Gassemäärt
- Elvis Festival at Gederner See
- Nickelches-Määrt
Regional specialities
In the region around the Vogelsberg, the so-called Spitzbube and Beulches are occasionally offered as local specialties in restaurants with traditional German cuisine. Beulches are sausage-shaped potato rolls made from a dough made from raw and cooked grated potatoes, leeks, onions, and spices. Jerky meat is usually added to this potato mixture, but the variations are Kasseler , black pudding or bacon. The bumps are served after they have been cooked in the eponymous linen sack (sachet) together with onion sauce . Rascals are made in a similar way, but the dough is not boiled but fried in a pan. Due to the complex and time-consuming production, bulges are often only used for special occasions, such as B. in Gedern for the Gassemäärt or in the catering trade on special order. In earlier times until after the Second World War, both rascals and Beulches were “poor people's food”, since usable meat and sausage leftovers were mixed with potatoes, leeks and onions grown in each region to produce an inexpensive and nutritious meal .
sons and daughters of the town
- Count Christian Ernst zu Stolberg-Wernigerode (1691–1771), ruling count of the County of Wernigerode
- Prince Friedrich Carl zu Stolberg-Gedern (1693–1767), owner of the Stolbergian rule of Gedern
- Count Christian zu Erbach-Schönberg (1728–1799), governor of the Teutonic Order
- Princess Luise Maximiliana zu Stolberg-Gedern (1752–1824), Countess of Albany
- Eduard von Fransecky (1807–1890), Prussian general of the infantry
- Karl Dornseiff (1812–1886), lawyer and member of parliament
- Georg Christian Stiebeling (1830–1895), German-American doctor and socialist
- Karl Köhler (1832–1895), Protestant theologian
- Countess Eleonore zu Stolberg-Wernigerode (1835–1903), song poet
- Prince Otto zu Stolberg-Wernigerode (1837–1896), politician and Vice Chancellor under Otto von Bismarck
- Edgar Itt (* 1967), athlete
- Sandra Minnert (* 1973), soccer player
literature
- Heinrich Thomee: Geriwarda - A home book of the city of Gedern. 1956.
- Hans-Velten Heuson: On the town history of Gedern. in: Büdinger Geschichtsblätter IX / X, 1980–81, pp. 149–156
- Rolf Knierriem: Gedern - pictures from days gone by. 1985, ISBN 3-924932-36-0 .
- Rolf Knierriem: Gedern is beautiful. Geiger-Verlag, 1986, ISBN 3-89264-045-9 .
- Erwin Diel, Hans-Dietrich Moritz: Back then with us dehaam - Gedern / Hirzenhain. Sparkasse Wetterau. AS-Druck und Verlag, 1990.
- Thomas W. Lummitsch, Magistrate of the City of Gedern: Jewish Life in Gedern. AS-Druck und Verlag, 1991.
- Rolf Knierriem: Our thoughts . Siebenstern, 1995, ISBN 3-931769-00-3 .
- Rolf Knierriem: Gedern in the course of the year. Siebenstern, 1998, ISBN 3-931769-01-1 .
- Hans-Joachim Flach, Axel Listing (Ed.): Festbuch 2006. 2006.
Web links
- Website of the city of Gedern
- Gedern, Wetterau district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Literature about Gedern in the Hessian Bibliography
- Literature on Gedern in the catalog of the German National Library
- Link catalog on Gedern at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ 79th meeting of the specialist committee for health resorts, recreational areas and healing wells in Hesse on November 21, 2012 . In: State pointer for the state of Hesse . No. 9 , 2014, ISSN 0724-7885 , p. 187 .
- ↑ Members in the nature park ( Memento from May 18, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Glöckner, Cod. Lauresh. 3, p. 235 No. 3631 = 3751b.
- ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 108, note 36 and p. 25, note 81, as well as the enclosed map.
- ^ Gedern (Wetteraukreis) Jewish history / synagogue. Retrieved October 9, 2017 .
- ↑ From the history of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Retrieved October 9, 2017 .
- ^ Saul Friedländer, CH Beck-Verlag, Munich 1998, 3rd edition 2007, p. 30
- ↑ The memorial plaque gives silent evidence of its existence. Retrieved October 9, 2017 .
- ↑ Incorporation of the Ober-Seemen community into the town of Gedern, Büdingen district on November 24, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 49 , p. 2291 , point 2283 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
- ^ Municipal reform in Hesse: mergers and integrations of municipalities from June 21, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 28 , p. 1117 , item 988; Paragraph 11. ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 5.0 MB ]).
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 352-353 .
- ^ Zeit Online: Followed like back then. Retrieved October 9, 2017 .
- ^ Zeit Online: Anti-Semitism: A fire started. Retrieved July 31, 2018 .
- ↑ taz archive: "Nobody here has anything against Jews". Retrieved July 31, 2018 .
- ^ Der Nürnberger Ärzteprozess, Jürgen Peter, third edition 1993, page 329. Retrieved on July 31, 2018 .
- ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
- ↑ http://www.campingpark-gedern.de/index.php?id=8
- ↑ http://www.vulkanradweg.de/
- ↑ We're going on a foray into the history of the Vogelsbergbahn ( memento from July 7, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http://www.gruppenunterkuenfte.de/Jugendferiendorf-Ober-Seemen__t1771.html
- ↑ For the castle, see Rolf Müller (Ed.): Schlösser, Burgen, alten Mauern. Published by the Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-89214-017-0 , pp. 132-134.