Nieder-Seemen

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Nieder-Seemen
City of Gedern
Coordinates: 50 ° 23 '12 "  N , 9 ° 14' 45"  E
Height : 326  (323-330)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 3.73 km²
Residents : 230 approx.
Population density : 62 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 63688
Area code : 06045

Nieder-Seemen is the smallest district of Gedern in the Wetterau district in Hesse .

geography

The place is at an altitude of 322  m above sea level. NN southeast of the center of Gedern on the southern slope of the Vogelsberg am Seemenbach , about 14 km northeast of Büdingen .

history

Surname

The place name is derived from rushes (symen). In the High Middle Ages , clearing upstream from the Wetterau into the valleys of the Vogelsberg was carried out, and the three villages of Ober- , Mittel- and Nieder-Seemen were presumably formed as they progressed . They are first mentioned as "Siemina" around the year 1000.

Territorial history

At that time the Seemental belonged to the Bannforst Büdingen , which was bounded in the northwest by the Nidder and in the east by the salt . The court Gedern included besides the three Seemen also Kirch Bracht , mouse angle , Illnhausen , Böß buttocks and Castle Bracht . The oldest known written mention of Nieder-Seemen comes from December 9, 1339. The young von Breitenbach and his wife Kune testify that they promised Konrad von Trimberg to offer him their villages Pferdsbach and Nieder-Seemen for redemption. A presumed first mention from the year 786 cannot be proven.

In the Middle Ages and early modern times, the village belonged to the Ortenberg Office , a condominium that was formed by three rulers from among the members of the Wetterau Counts' Association . In 1421 the place belonged to the Lords of Rodenstein , who pledged it to the Lords of Hanau that year . They sold the pledge on to the Counts of Isenburg in 1500 .

In 1601 there was a real division of the condominium, with the village of Nieder-Seemen of the county of Stolberg-Roßla and the local "Amt Ortenberg" being added. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) also more than halved the population of Nieder-Seemen, according to the scarce information available.

In 1806 the county of Stolberg - and with it Nieder-Seemen - fell to the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Here Nieder-Seemen belonged to the noble office of Ortenberg. In 1821 the Grand Duchy formed the district of Nidda , to which Nieder-Seemen was also assigned, and which was called Kreis Nidda from 1832 . Around 1840 about 20 families emigrated to America because of the great poverty. With the revolution of 1848 the administrative district of Nidda was briefly formed, but in 1852 the district of Nidda was revived. In 1874 the village became part of the Schotten district and in 1938 it became part of the Büdingen district .

At 31 December 1971 low-Seemen under which was municipal reform in Hesse in the city Gedern incorporated .

Church history

Evangelical churches in Nieder-Seemen

The Marienkirche in Gedern was also a parish church for the Seemental until the end of the 16th century, when an independent parish of Ober-Seemen was created. In 1724 Mittel-Seemen separated from Ober-Seemen and formed their own parish with Nieder-Seemen. The current church was built at the turn of the 13th to the 14th century and may have had a previous building. The weather vane of the church tower bears the year 1675. The church was renovated in 1752.

In 1855 an organ was bought from Rossdorf (today: Stadt Bruchköbel ). For reasons of space, the pulpit was moved from the middle to the side. Further restorations were recorded in 1902, 1949 and 2004. In both world wars, a bell had to be delivered. A replacement was procured in 1920, while the bell delivered during World War II returned from Hamburg to Nieder-Seemen in 1947 and rang again for the first time after the renovation on June 26, 1949 on the occasion of the inauguration service.

Legal history

Nieder-Seemen was one of the areas in which the Solms land law of 1571 was accepted under customary law , but only partially . This applied in particular to the areas of guardianship law , inheritance and matrimonial property law . Moreover, the applied Common Law . It was not until January 1, 1900, when the Civil Code , which was uniformly valid throughout the German Reich , that the old particular law was suspended .

Healing spring

In 1602, 1651 and 1701 a "good fountain" is reported, who donated healing water for a short time. a. in the "European newspaper" and also about miracle healings. Attempts have been made from various quarters to turn the source into a business. However, the spring dried up in the same year, emerged again in 1794/95 and was then no longer observed.

school

There was a school since the time of the Seven Years' War (1756–1763). The school was run by the church and the teachers were used for church tasks, as choirboys, organists or to ring bells. Church and school visits from the beginning of the 19th century report poor teaching. In 1827 there were 34 students (22 boys and 12 girls). The school building at that time is now the house of the Schnell butcher shop. In 1911 a new schoolhouse, today's village community center , was built. In 1970 the school in Nieder-Seemen was given up. Since then, the students have attended the comprehensive school in Gedern.

Land consolidation

The land consolidation, which was decided for Nieder-Seemen in 1910, brought far-reaching changes. However, as a result of the First World War, it had to be postponed first, but was then started in 1919. In 1925, the heavily modified parcels were reallocated. Various willows that had been community property were divided up and sold to the farmers. The streambed of the Seemenbach was heavily straightened. A second land consolidation followed in the Seemental in the 1970s.

Population development

  • Early 19th century .: 70 local citizens (male, age adults)
  • 1857: 268 inhabitants
  • 1939: 225 inhabitants
  • 1955: 318 inhabitants, including 95 refugees from the Sudetenland and Hungary
  • 1961: 264 inhabitants
  • 2010: 240 inhabitants

Local history

In the First World War were five, in World War II to mourn 27 killed and missing. The Second World War ended for Nieder-Seemen on March 31, 1945 when the US 11th Armored Division "Thunderbolt" marched through . Apart from windows shattered by air mines , Nieder-Seemen was spared war damage.

Infrastructure

Originally a farming village, today only a few inhabitants make a living from agriculture. Most of them now work in industrial, craft or service companies.

The road connection in the Semental was poor until well into the 19th century. Significant improvements in the infrastructure were not made until the road was built at the end of the 19th century. In 1882 the roads from Nieder-Seemen were then expanded. The gravel roads have been paved since around 1960. State roads 3010 and 3193 run through Nieder-Seemen today .

The water supply was ensured in 1911 with a spring water pipe.

On March 24, 1921, at 1 o'clock at noon, the long-distance line (20,000 volts) from Mittel-Seemen to Nieder-Seemen and half an hour later the transformer station and the Nieder-Seemen local network of the "Electric Overland System of the Province of Upper Hesse" turned in. At the same time, the street lighting was put into operation. It consisted of 9 lamps, 4 of which were wall arms and 5 spans.

Of the two inns that Nieder-Seemen once had, none is left.

societies

The oldest Nieder-Seemer associations are the choir "Eintracht" and the volunteer fire brigade . The sports club “Edelweiß” and the rural women’s club are joint associations of the Middle and Lower Seemen. The sports club has managed to play football in the regional league several times over the past few decades. Herbert Beyer, a refugee from the Sudetenland, founded the Seementaler Musikanten over 30 years ago, who play brass music mainly in the Egerland style .

literature

  • Hans Georg Ruppel (edit.): Historical place directory for the area of ​​the former Grand Duchy and People's State of Hesse with evidence of district and court affiliation from 1820 until the changes in the course of the municipal territorial reform = Darmstädter Archivschriften 2. 1976, p. 156.
  • Heinz Wionski: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Cultural monuments in Hessen. Wetteraukreis II. Stuttgart 1999, p. 228.
  • Erhard Müth, Stephan Jäger, Working Group Village Chronicle Middle-Nieder-Seemen: The History of Nieder-Seemen . ( The story of Nieder-Seemen )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Nieder-Seemen, Wetteraukreis". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of August 29, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ The location on the city of Gedern's website , accessed in April 2016.
  3. ↑ Peter Engels, The Seligenstädter Interest Register and the first mention of the Darmstadt district of Arheiligen. In: AHG NF 60, 2002, pp. 371-386, pp. 380, 386.
  4. ^ Friedrich Battenberg , Stolberg documents. Regesta on the documents and copies of the princes and counts of Stolberg in Ortenberg, in the Hessian State Archives in Darmstadt and in the State Archives in Magdeburg 1191-1840. = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 21, Darmstadt 1985. S. 20, No. 69.
  5. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900-1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 209 .
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 352 .
  7. ↑ Inscription: “Anno 1675 Kaspar Birkenstock makes me”. Kaspar Birkenstock lived on the Harzmühle a few hundred meters down the Seemenbach and was a carpenter and blacksmith.
  8. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 108, note 36 and p. 25, note 82, as well as the enclosed map.
  9. ↑ January 20, 1955.
  10. ↑ Hans-Velten Heuson u. a .: 650 years of the city of Wenings: 1336-1986 . Gedern 1986, reports of a hunt in the autumn of 1877, to which Grand Duke Ludwig IV of Hesse and near Rhine came to Wenings with Prince Karl von Isenburg-Birstein via Hitzkirchen and complained about the poor road conditions after driving on bumpy "Vizinalwege" in the hunting vehicle .