Confirmatio Ludovici Pii (823)

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The Confirmatio Ludovici Pii ("Confirmation of Ludwig the Pious ") is an early medieval document that confirms certain possessions in what is now Upper Austria and Lower Austria to the Diocese of Passau . The oldest surviving copy of the document is kept in the Bavarian Main State Archives in Munich . The document, dated in 823, was revised during the tenure of Bishop Pilgrim von Passau (971–991).

document

Frames

The document dated June 28, 823 is available in two versions:

  • The real, shorter document is preserved as a copy in Codex Lonsdorfianus from the 13th century and is in the Bavarian Main State Archives (HL Passau 3, fol. 65). This document was partly regarded as a forgery from the time of Bishop Pilgrim, but it has proven to be genuine both in form and in content - with the exception of the mention of St. Florian and Linz which was added in the 13th century . The property mentioned will therefore have come to the Diocese of Passau under Charlemagne .
  • The back-dated, longer document is also in the Bavarian Main State Archives in one sealed and one unsealed original (Kaiserselekt 830 / I and 830 / II). The document extended to include the place Zeizzinmurum was probably created at a court day held after 985 by Duke Heinrich the Quarrel in the Bavarian Ostmark to also fix the ownership structure of Zeiselmauer. This long version was adopted in all Passau copy books up to the 14th century.

content

During the Imperial Assembly in Frankfurt in the spring of 823, Emperor Ludwig the Pious restituted certain donations from his father to the Bishopric of Passau, which had meanwhile been withdrawn from the monastery by various margraves. The text of the document confirms the possessions of the Bishop of Passau

"Treismam, Wachowam, Pelagum, Nardinum, Reoda, Aspach, Wolffeswanch, Erlawam et in Artagrum Basilicas duas et in Saxinum Basilicas duas."

The spelling in the longer document is:

"Litaha, et in terra hunorum Zeizzinmurum, Treismam, Vuachouuam, Pelagum, Nardinum, Reode, Asbac, Vuoluesvuanc, Erlafam et in artagrum basilicas duas et in saxina basilicas duas."

The places or areas mentioned are the Leitha region, Zeiselmauer , Traismauer , Wachau , Pielach , Naarn im Machlande , Ried in der Riedmark , Aschbach , Wolfsbach , Erlauf , Ardagger and Saxen , the latter with two churches each in the settlement area . Most of these places are mentioned historically for the first time in this document.

The second church in Saxen could be the former Nikolauskirche at the Hofkirchen ship pier , but given the vast area of ​​the mother parish of Saxen at the time , the Andreas Church in Mitterkirchen or the baptistery in Arbing Castle are also possible .

Historical environment for a short version

The sentence that Otto von Lonsdorf added to the original text in the 13th century deserves special attention :

"Insuper et Domnus et genitor noster eidem contulerat sedi cellulam S. Floriani cum Linzea."

The St. Florian monastery was already under the Passau diocese in the 9th century and therefore hardly offered any reason for a forgery. This is different in the case of the city of Linz. Here the diocese owned the Martinskirche donated by Charlemagne , but not the castle, which belonged to the royal estate. Apparently the author wanted to register property claims on Linz with the new sovereign of Austria, Ottokar II. Přemysl of Bohemia. There was also a fictitious will of the last Babenberger Friedrich II dated June 14, 1246, according to which Linz should be given to the diocese as security for 3000 marks of silver to be paid. Both forgeries show Passau's interest in Linz. However, the city of Linz was irrevocably taken over by Otokar II and then by the Habsburgs .

Historical environment for the long version

After the battle on the Lechfeld in 955, the Diocese of Passau was able to exercise its effectiveness again on the land under the Enns . Bishop Adalbert's successor, Pilgrim, was appointed Bishop of Passau by Emperor Otto I in 971 . He received possessions in the Mark in the east from the emperor and took care of the reconstruction there after the Magyar invasions . Pilgrim may also have received the confirmations in return for his loyalty to the emperor during the uprising of the dukes Heinrich II of Bavaria and Heinrich I of Carinthia , who besieged and devastated Passau in 977.

The long version of Confirmatio Ludovici Pii also belongs in the orbit of the Lorcher forgeries . Bishop Pilgrim wanted to prove that the first Passau bishop Vivilo, in view of the advancing Avars, had moved the bishop's seat as the last bishop from Lorch to Passau in 739, whereby Passau would be the legal successor of the largest diocese in the southeast of the German cultural area. Pilgrim, however, unsuccessfully claimed the dignity of archbishop and the privilege over Salzburg in the mission in the Danube region.

literature

Web links

  • Johann Nepomuk Buchinger: History of the Principality of Passau: edited from archival sources. Munich 1824, p. 483 ( scan in Latin).
  • Mathia Fuhrmann: Old and New Vienna. Vienna 1739, p. 390 (longer version with German translation, online at google.at).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Upper Austrian document book, secular part (540–1399) 0823 VI 28 (digitized version of the shorter document) in the European document archive Monasterium.net .
  2. ↑ a b Erkens p. 86.
  3. ↑ Erkens p. 110 f.
  4. ↑ Upper Austrian document book, secular part (540–1399) 0823 VI 08 (digitized version of the longer document) in the European document archive Monasterium.net .
  5. ↑ Erkens p. 95.
  6. ↑ Hans Krawarik: The Machland and its lords. In: Communications from the Upper Austrian Provincial Archives. Volume 21, Linz 2008, p. 74 (entire article p. 31–106, p. 31–48 (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at, p. 49–67 (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at, p. 68– 86 (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at, pp. 87–106 (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at, pictures (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at).
  7. ^ Benno Ulm : The Mühlviertel. His works of art, historical forms of life and settlement. In: Austrian art monograph. Volume V, Salzburg 1971, p. 20.
  8. ↑ Erkens pp. 102-107.