Curt Schulze

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Curt Schulze (also Kurt Schulze ; born November 19, 1881 in Wittenberg (Elbe) ; † October 11, 1966 in Munich ) was a German veterinary surgeon , from 1934 to 1945 veterinary inspector of the army and from 1939 to 1945 head of the war veterinary service , most recently in the rank of senior veterinarian , and finally from 1948 to 1964 head of the racing team and the thoroughbred stud Isarland of the city of Munich.

Life

Prussian Army

Schulze grew up as the son of a veterinarian, received his education at the Royal High School in Wittenberg and entered after graduation on October 14, 1899 as a veterinary candidate - d. H. Candidate for the military veterinary service - with the 2nd (mounted) battery of the field artillery regiment No. 74 in the Prussian army . After the end of the year of military training, he was in October 1900 for special training at the military training forge Berlin commanded. This was followed from October 1901 to 1905 by studying veterinary medicine at the Military Veterinary Academy and the University of Veterinary Medicine in Berlin , which he graduated with a license to practice as a veterinarian and appointed as a sub-veterinarian. After that he was assigned to the Cuirassier Regiment No. 7 in Halberstadt until 1910 , while at the same time he was assigned to the military training forge in Berlin for six months. After passing the examination for the state veterinary service ("Veterinärratprüfung") in 1910, he was granted a veterinary patent on March 1, 1910. Until July 1914 he was an assistant at the military training forge; In this position he was promoted to senior veterinarian in 1910 and in 1911 from the University of Veterinary Medicine Berlin to Dr. med. vet. PhD .

At the beginning of the First World War , Schulze was transferred to the 3rd Guard Division , which was initially deployed on the Western Front and then in the East from the fourth week of August 1914. After a three-month absence due to illness, he was assigned to the cavalry department (A 3) of the Prussian War Ministry in April 1915 and was finally transferred. This department was responsible for military veterinary services, and Schulze, who was promoted to staff veterinarian in 1915, was there until the end of the war as a consultant for development, equipment and supplies of veterinary equipment and for the horse hospitals.

Reichswehr and Wehrmacht

Schulze was taken over into the provisional Reichswehr and then into the Reichswehr , and on October 1, 1919, he became head of department in the veterinary department (later the veterinary inspection) of the Reichswehr Ministry . On April 1, 1923, he was promoted to senior staff veterinarian with seniority from December 1, 1920. From October 1, 1925, he was entrusted with the management of the Chief of Staff of the Veterinary Inspection, and on April 1, 1927, while being promoted to Senior Veterinarian (this rank was renamed Senior Field Veterinarian on April 1, 1934), he became Chief of Staff of the Veterinary Inspection appointed. From August 27, 1928 he was also a member of the Scientific Senate for Army Veterinary Affairs. After further promotions to senior veterinarian (October 1, 1930, then still called veterinary general) and veterinary general (May 1, 1933, then still veterinary general staff), he became veterinary inspector on June 1, 1934, now with the rank of general staff veterinary , as the successor to Otto Budnowski appointed chief of all veterinary services in the army. In this position he was responsible for the supervision of the training of the veterinary personnel, the army training forges, the army main veterinary park, the army veterinary examination office, the teaching and experimental veterinary company and the teaching and experimental horse hospital. At the same time he became chairman of the Scientific Senate for Army Veterinary Affairs. As a veterinary inspector, Schulze played a major role in the development of the Wehrmacht's veterinary service (including the establishment of a new Army Veterinary Academy in Hanover in 1935 , expansion of the horse hospital system, development of veterinary cases, veterinary first aid kits and veterinary medicine kits). On June 3, 1936 Schulze was also honorary professor for army veterinary affairs at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin. On April 1, 1938, he was finally promoted as the first German military veterinarian to senior staff veterinarian, with the rank of infantry general .

From the mobilization on August 26, 1939 until the end of the Second World War , Schulze was head of the war veterinary service of the field and replacement army in the High Command of the Wehrmacht (OKW), but at the same time remained with the management of the business of the Army veterinarian in the High Command of the Army (OKH ) instructed. In the summer of 1940 he also became the head of the newly formed “Equestrian” department at the OKH, which meant that inspection 3 (riding and driving) was subordinated to him in addition to the veterinary inspection.

After the assassination attempt on July 20, 1944 , Schulze was arrested and interrogated by the Gestapo , but released again after ten days. He was suspected because he was a member of the Union-Klub , an exclusive club of equestrian enthusiasts frequented by many conservative anti-Nazis , and because he had worked closely with resistance members such as his former superiors Ludwig Beck and Friedrich Olbricht . When he was questioned by US interrogation officers in 1946, he himself stated that his friendship with Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg , Friedrich Olbricht and Erich Hoepner had been the reason for his arrest.

post war period

On April 30, 1945 Schulze was taken prisoner by the United States, from which he was released on January 16, 1947. He moved to the Allgäu and tried to make a living as a practicing veterinarian. In the same year Rudolf Graf von Spreti , President of the Munich Racing Club , brought him to Munich as a racecourse veterinarian for the Riem racecourse and advisor to the commission for thoroughbred breeding and races for Bavaria, where he was registered from July 24, 1948. Shortly after this, Schulze, who himself 30 years own Traber had owned, head of the 70-hectare stud Isarland in Starnberg called the the Munich NSDAP - official Christian Weber had built in the late 1930s with money from the city and for had been returned to the city of Munich by the US occupation forces after the war. He ran the stud until 1964.

Schulze died on October 11, 1966 in Munich.

Awards

  • German Cross in Silver (January 14, 1944)
  • Knight's Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords (May 15, 1944)

Footnotes

  1. ↑ See his affidavit of October 18, 1946 in Garmisch, with Stefanie Albrecht: Prof. Dr. Hans Jöchle (1892-1968) .... , p. 171, fig. 46
  2. ↑ In February 1897 renamed “Melanchthon-Gymnasium”, since August 2006 “ Luther-Melanchthon-Gymnasium ” by merging with the former “Martin-Luther-Gymnasium”.
  3. ↑ In the veterinary academy only military instruction and sport took place, while the actual study of veterinary medicine took place at the veterinary college.
  4. ↑ The lowest ranking military veterinarian. Until August 1903 this rank was called Unterrossarzt. He corresponded to the vice sergeant or vice sergeant .
  5. ↑ With the dissertation : Investigations into the growth of the horse's hoof horn, taking into account the influence of external and internal stimuli. ( https://bib.vetmed.fu-berlin.de/vetbiogramm/448.html  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove it Note. )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / bib.vetmed.fu-berlin.de  
  6. ↑ See also the Army Ordinance Sheet of 1926, No. 23, page 11.
  7. ↑ In the veterinary academy itself, as in imperial times, only military instruction and sport took place; the junior veterinary officers were housed in a barracks in Möckernstrasse and were taken to the University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover by buses every day .
  8. ↑ His predecessor as veterinary inspector, Otto Budnowski, did not receive the character of senior general veterinarian until October 23, 1939, after he was reactivated during the mobilization on August 26, 1939.
  9. ↑ Affidavit dated October 18, 1946 in Garmisch, from Stefanie Albrecht: Prof. Dr. Hans Jöchle (1892-1968) .... , p. 171, fig. 46

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Schulze, Curt
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schulze, Kurt
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German veterinarian, senior staff veterinarian, veterinary inspector of the army, head of the war veterinary service, stud manager
DATE OF BIRTH November 19, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Wittenberg (Elbe)
DATE OF DEATH October 11, 1966
Place of death Munich