Cuscuta chittagongensis

Cuscuta chittagongensis
Systematics
	Asterids
	Euasterids I
Order :	Nightshade (Solanales)
Family :	Bindweed family (Convolvulaceae)
Genre :	Silk ( cuscuta )
Type :	Cuscuta chittagongensis
Scientific name
	Cuscuta chittagongensis
	Sen Gupta , Khan & Huq

Cuscuta chittagongensis is a plant of the genus silk ( Cuscuta ) in the family wind plants (Convolvulaceae). It is a full parasite and one of the few endemics of eastern Bangladesh .

description

Vegetative characteristics

Cuscuta chittagongensis grows as an annual herbaceous plant . The stem is light yellow and thread-like with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.0 millimeters.

Generative characteristics

The flowers are arranged in a loose racemose inflorescence . The flower stalk is 1.0 to 1.75 millimeters long. The bracts are at a length of from one to 1.5 millimeters ovate to triangular with blunt to rundspitzigem upper end.

The hermaphrodite flowers are radially symmetrical and 6 to 7.5 millimeters long. The calyx is beet-shaped to bell-shaped and shorter than the corolla , which it loosely encloses. The crown lobes are 2.0 to 2.5 millimeters long and 1.4 to 2.0 millimeters wide. The fully bloomed crowns are almost bell-shaped. The stamens are almost as long as the corolla lobes with 1.5 to 2.0 millimeter long stamens and 0.75 to 2.0 millimeter long egg-shaped and sometimes curved anthers . The ovary is egg-shaped or pear-shaped with a length of 1.5 to 2.0 millimeters. The two styluses are about 1 millimeter long.

The fruits are unknown.

Cuscuta chittagongensis can be distinguished from all other silks by the overlapping blunt sepals and pointed petals and the egg- or pear-shaped ovary .

ecology

Like all silks, Cuscuta chittagongensis is a full parasite whose morphology is adapted to this way of life. The type host is the Chinese jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill. ).

Occurrence

The type location is a timber house at Myanimukh ( 22 ° 58 '59.9 " N , 92 ° 12' 0" O ) in the Upazila Langadu in district Rangamati , Division Chittagong . It is located in the Chittagong Hill Tracts in the southeast of Bangladesh, at the northwest end of the Karnaphuli reservoir , at an altitude of about 45 meters. In the course of the construction of the reservoir, clearing work was carried out at the type site. In 1981, Cuscuta chittagongensis could not be found there, only the stump of its host tree was left. 22.9833 92.2

Other localities lie in the districts of Bandarban (1983) and in the district Sylhet of Sylhet division in the northeast of the country (1979). Find reports from the Chittagong district appear dubious. Cuscuta chittagongensis is one of the few endemics in Bangladesh.

Systematics

The first description of Cuscuta chittagongensis was in 1983 by the botanists Sen Gupta , Mohammad Salar Khan and AM Huq . The holotype is a specimen collected by Khan in the Chittagong Hill Tracts in December 1956. It is in the collection of the Bangladesh National Herbarium in Dhaka . An isotype is kept in the collection of the Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden , the former National Botanical Garden of India in Haora near Kolkata . The specific epithet chittagongensis refers to the type location , the Chittagong Hill Tracts.

The genus was divided into several sections , but Cuscuta chittagongensis cannot yet be assigned to any of these sections. Cuscuta is the only genus of the tribe Cuscuteae. Traditionally, the tribe was placed in its own silk family (Cuscutaceae). Today it is based on phylogenetic and molecular genetic studies in the family bindweed out (Convolvulaceae).

One author describes Cuscuta chittagongensis as a teratological form of Cuscuta reflexa without this species being formally synonymous .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h G. Sen Gupta, Mohammad Salar Khan , AM Huq: A new species of Cuscuta from Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh . In: Bangladesh Journal of Botany 1983, Volume 12, No. 1, pp. 33-36, ZDB -ID 430153-5 .
↑ M. Atiqur Rahman, M. Enamur Rashid: Status of endemic plants of Bangladesh and conservation management strategies . In: International Journal of Environment , Volume 2, No. 1, 2013, pp. 231–249, doi: 10.3126 / ije.v2i1.9224 .
↑ Eckart Eich: Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae: Secondary Metabolites. Biosynthesis, Chemotaxonomy, Biological and Economic Significance (A Handbook). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-74540-2 , pp. 10-32.
^ Mihai Costea, Miguel A. García, Saša Stefanović: A Phylogenetically Based Infrageeric Classification of the Parasitic Plant Genus Cuscuta (Dodders, Convolvulaceae). In: Systematic Botany , Volume 40, No. 1, 2015, pp. 269-285, doi: 10.1600 / 036364415X686567 .

[Gupta-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h G. Sen Gupta, Mohammad Salar Khan , AM Huq: A new species of Cuscuta from Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh . In: Bangladesh Journal of Botany 1983, Volume 12, No. 1, pp. 33-36, ZDB -ID 430153-5 .

[Rahman-2] M. Atiqur Rahman, M. Enamur Rashid: Status of endemic plants of Bangladesh and conservation management strategies . In: International Journal of Environment , Volume 2, No. 1, 2013, pp. 231–249, doi: 10.3126 / ije.v2i1.9224 .

[Eich-3] Eckart Eich: Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae: Secondary Metabolites. Biosynthesis, Chemotaxonomy, Biological and Economic Significance (A Handbook). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-74540-2 , pp. 10-32.

[Costea-4] Mihai Costea, Miguel A. García, Saša Stefanović: A Phylogenetically Based Infrageeric Classification of the Parasitic Plant Genus Cuscuta (Dodders, Convolvulaceae). In: Systematic Botany , Volume 40, No. 1, 2015, pp. 269-285, doi: 10.1600 / 036364415X686567 .