Cyril Newall, 1st Baron Newall

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Air Chief Marshal Sir Cyril Newall (around 1940)

Cyril Louis Norton Newall, 1st Baron Newall GCB , OM , GCMG , CBE , AM (born February 15, 1886 in Masuri , British India , † November 30, 1963 in London ) was a British Marshal of the Royal Air Force and of From 1941 to 1946 the 6th Governor General of New Zealand .

Early years

Newall was born on February 15, 1886, the son of Lieutenant Colonel of the British Army in India , William Potter Newall , in Masuri , in what is now the Indian state of Uttarakhand . His father sent him to Bedford School , a boys' school in Bedford , Bedfordshire and, after graduating there, to the Royal Military College in Sandhurst .

Military career

At the age of 19 he was assigned as a lieutenant in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment serving in India and in 1909 moved to the 2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles .

In 1911 he completed his pilot training and received a pilot's license from the Royal Aero Club . In 1913 he formalized his training at the Central Flying School in Upavon and then served at this facility. After the outbreak of World War I , he joined the Royal Flying Corps in September 1914 and served with No. 1 Squadron on the Western Front . From March 1915 he commanded No. 12 Squadron with the temporary rank of major , later several wings of the RFC. He was mentioned three times in war reports and in 1916 he was awarded the Albert Medal first class for a rescue operation at risk of death. Towards the end of the war, Newall served under Hugh Trenchard as deputy commander of the Independent Force with the temporary rank of brigadier general . After the war he was accepted as Commander in the Order of the British Empire and as Companion in the Order of St. Michael and St. George .

In August 1919, Newall was accepted into the Royal Air Force with the permanent rank of Lieutenant Colonel and became Deputy Director of Personnel at the Department of Aviation . In 1923 he was appointed aide-de-camp of King George V appointed. In 1925 he was given command of the Special Reserve and Auxiliary Air Force and in December of that year became a member of the League of Nations Disarmament Committee . From 1926 to 1931 he was Director of Operations and Intelligence (secret service), and Deputy Chief of the Air Staff ( Deputy Chief of the Air Staff ) . In 1931 he was promoted to Air Vice-Marshal and commanded the Royal Air Force in the Middle East until 1935. He was then appointed to the Air Council and in the same year ennobled as Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath and from then on bore the suffix "Sir".

On September 1, 1937, Newall, now promoted to Air Chief Marshal , was Chief of the Air Staff of the United Kingdom and led the Royal Air Force for the following three years. During this time, the expansion of British air armaments fell in view of the worsening world situation and the beginning of the Second World War . Newall was responsible for the restraint of British hunting formations in the United Kingdom during the German campaign in the west and the beginning of the Battle of Britain . Influential personalities successfully dismissed him after the lack of personal success in the fight against the Axis powers. Shortly after his promotion to Marshal of the Royal Air Force in early October 1940, Newall resigned and was replaced by Charles Portal .

State Office

Now at the age of 55, Newall was seconded by then Prime Minister Winston Churchill as Governor General to New Zealand. He took office on February 22, 1941 and handed it over to his successor five years later on February 19, 1946. Newall himself retired on June 6, 1946 and was hereditary Baron Newall , of Clifton-upon-Dunsmoore in the County of Warwick, which gave him a seat in the British House of Lords .

He died in London on November 30, 1963.

Newall was a member of the Freemasonry Association , he held the office of Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of New Zealand.

Orders and decorations

literature

  • Bernard John Foster : Newall, First Baron; Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Cyril Louis Norton Newall, GCB, OM, GCMG, CBE, AM, K.St.J. In: Alexander Hare McLintock (Ed.): An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand . Wellington 1966 ( online [accessed December 15, 2015]).
  • Gavin McLean: The Governors - New Zealand's Governors and Governors-General . Otago University Press, Dunedin 2006, ISBN 978-1-877372-25-4 , pp. 238-246 (English).

Web links

Commons : Cyril Newall, 1st Baron Newall  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Various / Anon : Newall, Air Marshal Sir Cyrill Louis Norton . In: Who's Who in British Aviation . Bunhill Publications , Dunedin 1936 (English).
  2. ↑ Sir Cyril Newall . New Zealand History , accessed January 28, 2015 (Photo by Newall).
  3. ^ Famous Masons - Royal Airforce . United Grand Lodge of England , 2013, archived from the original on August 21, 2013 ; accessed on April 5, 2018 (English, original website no longer available).
  4. ↑ GH Scholefield : NEWALL, Air Chief Marshal Sir Cyril Louis Norton . In: Who's who in New Zealand . 5th ed. . Reed , 1951 (English).
predecessor Office successor
Sir Edward Ellington Chief of the Air Staff
1937-1940 		Sir Charles Portal
George Monckton-Arundell, 8th Viscount Galway Governor General of New Zealand
February 22, 1941 - February 19, 1946 		Bernard Freyberg, 1st Baron Freyberg
New title created Baron Newall
1946-1963 		Francis Newall
personal data
SURNAME Newall, Cyril, 1st Baron Newall
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Newall, Cyril Louis Norton
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British Marshal of the Royal Air Force and the 6th Governor General of New Zealand (1941-1946)
DATE OF BIRTH February 15, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Masuri , India
DATE OF DEATH November 30, 1963
Place of death London