Velká Čantoryje
| Velká Čantoryje | ||
|---|---|---|
 View from Wisła- Jawornik |
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| height | 995 m nm | |
| location | Border Moravskoslezský kraj , Czech Republic / Silesian Voivodeship , Poland | |
| Mountains | Silesian Beskids | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 40 '44 " N , 18 ° 48' 17" E | |
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| rock | Sandstone | |
| Age of the rock | Upper Chalk | |
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Velká Čantoryje (Polish Czantoria Wielka , German formerly Great Czantory Mountain ) is the highest peak in the Czech part of the Silesian Beskids . The mountain rises about 10 kilometers east of the town of Třinec from the Jablunkovská brázda , which separates the mountains from the Moravian-Silesian Beskids . The ridge of the Čantoryje forms the state border between the Czech Republic and Poland . The watershed of the Oder and Vistula rivers runs over the ridge of this mighty mountain range . The Čantoryje massif has two peaks; Mała Czantoria ( Little Czantory , 865 m) and Velká Čantoryje ( Big Czantory , 995 m), with Little Czantory already in Poland.
The name can be derived from the words “czart, čart / črt” and “-nia” (“devil's place” or “magic place”), in Old Slavonic the word means “on the cult site of the high terrace, the wilderness ". Depending on the cultural language and geography, the "cult site" is given other names, e.g. B. uroczysko , zalaz, wroczysko or wroczen.
geology
The mountain consists of flysch sediments that have formed in the Upper Cretaceous . Coarse-grained, glauconitic sandstones predominate in them . Humous podsole soils are formed on the rock . The terrain is stony, rocky and covered with rubble, so that the forests can hardly be used for forestry.
Flora and fauna
The massif is covered by mixed beech forests and spruce monocultures. Mountain meadows can be found in the ridge areas.
In the deciduous forest zone, about 2.5 kilometers east of the summit, the national nature reserve Čantoria was proclaimed on 40 hectares in 1988 . The approximately 150–220 year old forest has the character of a primeval forest. In addition to red beech , fir , larch and sycamore maple , there is also a remnant of the originally native European yew tree . The herb layer is dominated by ferns, the small snowdrop , the Turk's cap and the swallow root gentian can be found here and there . A large population of the rare blue snail lives in the reserve . Native are also here salamander , forest lizards and vipers . Typical small mammals are the Alpine shrew , the forest birch mouse , the tree dormouse and the dormouse .
history
The Czantory has belonged to the Duchy of Teschen since the Middle Ages , which in 1653 fell as a settled fiefdom to the Crown of Bohemia , which had been ruled by the Habsburgs since 1526 . After the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy , the border between Poland and Czechoslovakia was drawn on the ridge in 1918. The mountain belonged to the Olsa area claimed by both states until 1955 .
tourism
Velká Čantoryje is one of the most visited peaks of the Beskydy Mountains in the Czech Republic. Tourists control the 1904 built mountain hut or the new, 29-meter high observation tower directly at the summit. The tower was built in 2002 and can accommodate up to 170 visitors. When the visibility is good, the Moravian-Silesian and Silesian Beskids, the Little Fatra and the Tatras can be seen from here. The starting point of the tourist routes to the top are the municipalities of Nýdek and Ustroń . The path from the mountain village of Nýdek to the summit is 5 kilometers long. The Czantoria chairlift leads from Ustroń in Poland to below the summit of Čantoryje, which is accompanied by a bobsleigh run. The Czantoria ski area is also located on the Polish side .
Educational trail
The “Rytířská stezka” ( knight's path) educational trail is a 10.5 km long hiking trail across the Čantoryje, which begins and ends in Nýdek . At seven stations, visitors are made acquainted with the colonization of the Beskids, the local fauna and flora and also with the local legend that an army of knights sleeps inside the mountain , which wakes up when war is threatened and comes to the aid of the inhabitants.
Web links
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Commons : Czantoria - Collection of Images
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- www.cittadella.cz - description of the protected area (Czech)
panorama
