1-decanol

Structural formula
General
Surname	1-decanol
other names	Decan-1-ol ( IUPAC ) Decyl alcohol Capric alcohol DECYL ALCOHOL ( INCI )
Molecular formula	C 10 H 22 O
Brief description	oily, colorless liquid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 112-30-1 EC number 203-956-9 ECHA InfoCard 100.003.597 PubChem 8174 ChemSpider 7882 Wikidata Q47118
properties
Molar mass	158.28 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.83 g cm −3
Melting point	7 ° C
boiling point	230 ° C
Vapor pressure	7.89 h Pa (100 ° C)
solubility	very bad in water (40 mg l −1 at 25 ° C) soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether
Refractive index	1.4372 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution H and P phrases H: 319-412 P: 273-305 + 351 + 338
Toxicological data	4720 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

1-Decanol (also decyl alcohol or capric alcohol) is a long-chain alcohol with the semi- structural formula C ₁₀ H ₂₁ OH.

Presentation and extraction

The technical synthesis can take place via the oxo synthesis and subsequent hydrogenation . 1-Decanol can also be obtained by hydrogenating the fatty acid capric acid (C ₉ H ₁₉ COOH). Therefore the compound is also counted among the fatty alcohols .

properties

1-Decanol is a colorless, oily, sweet-smelling liquid at room temperature and has a slightly irritating effect locally. It has a molar mass of 158.28 g · mol ⁻¹ , melts at 7 ° C and boils at 230 ° C. The density of 1-decanol is 0.83 g cm ⁻³ . 1-Decanol dissolves only minimally in water, but very well in alcohols and ethers .

The compound forms flammable vapor-air mixtures at higher temperatures. The compound has a flash point of 108 ° C. The lower explosion limit is around 0.6% by volume (40 g / m ³ ). The ignition temperature is 250 ° C. The substance therefore falls into temperature class T3.

use

The alcohol is used as a wetting agent , extraction agent and solvent . Esters of the compound are used in paints and plastics. It is also used to make special perfumes.

Safety instructions / toxicity

In 2012, 1-decanol was included in the EU's ongoing action plan ( CoRAP ) in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) as part of substance evaluation . The effects of the substance on human health and the environment are re-evaluated and, if necessary, follow-up measures are initiated. Ingestion of 1-decanol was driven by concerns about high (aggregated) tonnage, other exposure / risk-based concerns, other hazard-related concerns and widespread use. The re-evaluation took place from 2012 and was carried out by Italy . A final report was then published.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ entry to DECYL ALCOHOL in CosIng database of the European Commission, accessed on February 16 2020th
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Entry on decan-1-ol. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on December 28, 2014.
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Entry on 1-decanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .
4. ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-134.
5. ^ ^{A b c} E. Brandes, W. Möller: Safety-related parameters - Volume 1: Flammable liquids and gases , Wirtschaftsverlag NW - Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Bremerhaven 2003.
6. ↑ European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): Substance Evaluation Conclusion and Evaluation Report
7. ↑ Community rolling action plan ( CoRAP ) of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): Decan-1-ol , accessed on March 26, 2019.