Dera Ismail Khan
|
Dera Ismail Khan ڈیرہ اسماعیل خان |
|||
| State : |
 Pakistan
|
||
| Province : | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | ||
| Coordinates : |
31 ° 52 ′ N , 70 ° 54 ′ E
|
||
| Height : |
165 m
|
||
| Residents : | 217,457 (2017) | ||
| Time zone : |
PST ( UTC + 5 )
|
||
|
|||
Dera Ismail Khan , often abbreviated to DI Khan, is a city in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province . It is located on the west bank of the Indus , about 300 kilometers south of the provincial capital Peshawar and 230 kilometers northwest of Multan , Punjab . The city is the capital of the eponymous district and Tehsils . The languages spoken are Pashto and Saraiki .
etymology
The word dera means camp in Balochi , Pashto and Saraiki . The word can be found in many city names in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The residents of DI Khan are known as Dērawā l.
history
The region around Dera Ismail Khan has been inhabited for thousands of years. The archaeological site of Rehman Deri is evidence of this. DI Khan is located in the historical Derajat region, which was established in the 15th century when Balochi settled the region at the behest of Shah Husayn, the Langah Sultan . In 1469 (or 1471) the region around DI Khan was finally handed over to Sardar Malik Sohrab Khan Dodai Baloch, who was hired as Jagir. Because of Malik, who is originally from the Makran district and also because of his presence in the region, other Makrani peoples have come to Dera Ismail Khan, such as Ghazi Khan, who founded Dera Ghazi Khan. It is believed that the son of Malik, Ismail Khan, founded Dera Ismail Khan, although the Emperor Babur visited the city as early as 1508 without mentioning the city. Later, Balochi settlers were ousted or integrated into the city by the Pashtuns this is why most of the villagers today are balochi. Dera Ismail Khan lay between the Multan - Kandahar trade route but DI Khan was not of great importance until the occupation by the British. The city developed into a trading center for Powindah nomads. During the invasion of Nader Shah , the Balochi surrendered without resistance.
DI Khan was ruled by nine generations of Balochi descended from Ismail Khan. The last ruler, Nusrat Khan, was released from leadership in 1750 when the city was taken by Ahmad Shah Durrani . In 1794 the city was handed over to Nawab Muhammad Khan Sadozai.
Start-up
The original city was destroyed by flooding from the Indus in 1823. The present city was re-established in 1825 by Nawab Sher Muhammad Khan, a member of the Popalzai . The city is now six kilometers from the Indus on a small hill. Nawab Sher took advice from members of the Derajat when founding a new company. Architects from Punjab were then called in to develop a city in which Hindus would live in the northern part and Muslims in the southern part. Dera Ismail Khan remained in the hands of Nawab Sher Muhammad Khan until it was annexed by Nau Nihal Singh in 1836. Dera Ismail Khan was occupied by the British in 1849, whereupon the Sikhs were defeated in the Battle of Gujrat .
British era
In 1920 the NWFP was added to the Punjab and Dera Ismail Khan became part of the NWFP Province. Known today as KPK Province. Dera Ismail Khan's first officer under British rule was General Van Cortland in 1848. He was succeeded by Lieutenant Butler. Under his leadership, an urban infrastructure and a colonial administrative system were created, with leadership positions being filled by the British. During the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857 , however, there was no resistance. In 1861 Dera Ismail Khan became the capital of the Dera Ismail Khan Division, comparable to English counties . In 1867 the Dera Ismail Khan Congregation was created and the Dera Ismail Khan Cantonment followed in 1894. Local trade in DI Khan was important as Afghan merchant caravans crossed the city from India. The number of such caravans increased due to increased safety standards in the Gomal route . English goods, wheat , wood and ghee were traded. According to the 1901 census, Dera Ismail Khan had 31,737 inhabitants, out of which 18,662 Muslims, 11,486 Hindus and 1,420 Sikhs. 3,450 lived in the Dera Ismail Khan Cantonment. After the partition of India , the Sikhs and Hindus emigrated to India, while Muslims from India settled in Dera Ismail Khan.
Modern
After the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan , many Afghans immigrated to Pakistan and Dera Ismail Khan's population tripled. Dera Ismail Khan was badly hit by the Pakistani army's offensive against terrorists between 2007 and 2014. In January 2007, a suicide bombing was committed that killed two people and injured seven. In 2008, another suicide attack killed 32 people in a hospital waiting room. The Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan was responsible for the attacks and wanted to stop the offensive of the Pakistani army. In a suicide attack in January 2009, 14 people died in three explosions in DI Khan. In 2014, the army launched Operation Zarb-e-Azb to further curb the influence of terrorists. The operation increased security in DI Khan through 2016. However, despite the operation, another attack occurred in 2017, with a remote-controlled bomb exploding and killing 21 people. In February 2017, 5 people died after gunshots were fired at a police car.
In 2015, as part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, it was announced that a 280 km expressway would be built in Dera Ismail Khan.
climate
According to the effective climate classification, Dera Ismail Khan has a desert climate with a hot summer and mild winter. The precipitation season is from February to July.
Infrastructure
Road traffic
Dera Ismail Khan is connected to Bannu by an expressway that extends to Peshawar and Kohat. Another road connects Dera Ismail Khan with the city of Mianwali and Zhob. The third main road connects Dera Ismail Khan with Bhakkar and Punjab , which is on the eastern side of the Indus . DI Khan is part of the Hakla Dera Ismail Motorway, a 280 km four-lane highway that extends from the Hakla Interchange on Motorway M-1 near Islamabad to DI Khan.
Airport
The Dera Ismail Khan Airport is served in domestic traffic.
Individual evidence
- ^ Tehsils & Unions in the District of DI Khan - Government of Pakistan ( Memento of February 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). (English)
- ^ A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages . (English)
- ↑ a b T Tolbort: The District of Dera Ismail Khan, Trans-Indus 1871 (accessed December 12, 2017). (English)
- ↑ Aminullah Khan Gandpar, Tarikh-i-Sar Zamin-i Gomul , National Book Foundation Islamabad, page 45th
- ^ Dera Ismail Khan - An Overview of History and Indigenous People . Retrieved December 12, 2017.
- ↑ Dera Ismail Khan Cantonment . Global Security. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
- ↑ Dera Ismail Khān Town - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 11, p. 268 . Dsal.uchicago.edu. Accessed June 1, 2012
- ↑ 'Three killed' in Pakistan blast . In: BBC News , January 29, 2007. Retrieved May 15, 2017. (English)
- ↑ Govt talks tough as inaction against hate-mongers is assailed in NA - Dawn Pakistan . August 21, 2008
- ^ DI Khan: Five police officers, 10 civilians injured in bomb blast . In: Dunya News , January 4, 2017. Retrieved March 10, 2017. (English)
- ↑ Four policemen killed in Dera Ismail Khan . In: Geo News , February 17, 2017. Retrieved March 3, 2017. (English)
- ↑ a b PM Nawaz performs groundbreaking of Motorway in DI Khan . May 17, 2016. Accessed May 19, 2016. (English)
- ↑ Dera Ismail Khan Climate & Temperature (English)
