Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

**Khyber Pakhtunkhwa**
**خیبر پختونخوا**
Basic data
Capital :	Peshawar
Status:	province
Area :	101,741 km²
Residents :	35,525,047 (2017 census ^note )
Population density :	349.1 inh / km² (2017 ^note )
Head of Government:	Mehmood Khan
ISO 3166-2 :	PK-KP
map

^NoteIn the 2017 census data, the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the tribal areas are kept separate under federal administration. The values given here correspond to the sum of the census results for these two areas, which were combined in 2018.

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ( Urdu خیبر پختونخوا; Pashtun خیبر پښتونخوا), 1901-2010 North West Frontier Province (English North West Frontier Province , NWFP) is a province of Pakistan . It is mostly populated by Pashtuns . Large parts of the province once belonged to Afghanistan . The capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is Peshawar . As of May 31, 2018, the previous tribal areas under federal administration (FATA) were incorporated into the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is also called Eastern Afghanistan or Pashtunistan by the Afghans.

geography

Kundol lake

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa borders (clockwise, starting in the northeast) on Gilgit-Baltistan (the former northern areas), the semi-autonomous Asad Jammu and Kashmir , on the province of Punjab - with which it encloses the capital territory of Islamabad - on the province of Balochistan and on Afghanistan . With an area of 74,521 km², Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is the smallest province of Pakistan in terms of area. While the plain around the provincial capital Peshawar is about 340 m above sea level. M. , is the highest peak in the province, the Tirich Mir , 7708 m high. The western areas on the border with Afghanistan are very dry with sparse vegetation ; the central and eastern mountain areas, on the other hand, are already part of the subtropical continental highlands, with snowy winters, cool summers and winter and summer rains. In the lowlands around Peshawar, however, the temperature in June / July reaches up to 45 ° C.

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is the most forested province in Pakistan. According to the Forest Sector Master Plan of 1993 , 17% of the area is forested (Pakistan: 4.8%), while 15% is used for agriculture (Pakistan: 23%). However, these official figures are doubted by experts, as deforestation continues to advance rapidly. Several reports came to the conclusion that the forest in the accessible areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa will have disappeared by 2025 without drastic measures. The most common species among the conifers are Himalayan cedar , teardrop pine , Pinus roxburghii , Pindrow fir , Pinus excelsa and Pinea smithiana . The most common deciduous tree is the walnut .

In the north of the province is the Chitral Gol National Park , where rare mountain animals such as the screw goat are protected.

administration

Territorial division until 2018: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly NWFP) tribal areas under federal administration (FATA)

In its current form, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has existed since 1901, when it was given the name North West Frontier by the British occupation forces ; this was particularly unpopular with the majority of the Pashtuns.

Administratively, the province is divided into 7 divisions and 34 districts:

Districts

population

In 2017, 30.5 million people lived in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The population has increased more than sixfold since 1950. Today's growth rate is 2.89% per year, which is the highest rate in all of Pakistan. More than 83% of all people lived in rural areas in 1998, with a population density of 238 people / km²; this is the second highest in Pakistan after the Punjab. The average household size is eight people. The literacy rate in 2014/15 among the population aged 10 and over was 53% (women: 35%, men: 71%).

Pashtu is spoken by 73.9% of the population (1998), followed by Hindko, which is not recognized as an official language (18%) in the Hazara region , although many people also speak the national language Urdu . In 1998, 99.4% of the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa identified themselves as Muslim.

In 2008 the number of refugees from Afghanistan was estimated at 1.5 million.

Population development

Census population of the province (excluding tribal areas) since the first census in 1951.

Census year	population
1951	4,556,545
1961	5,730,991
1972	8,388,551
1981	11,061,328
1998	17,743,645
2017	30,523,371

history

During the time of British rule , the North-West Frontier represented the outer border of the British Empire . It was drawn under British pressure as the Durand Line in 1893 , and in November 1901 the North-West Frontier Province was formed by Lord Curzon . The greatest concentration of units of the British Indian Army was here, on the border with Afghanistan. The British feared that Russia would attack from there for supremacy in Central Asia , the " Great Game ". For this reason the Anglo-Afghan wars started here .

The flood disaster in Pakistan in 2010 was the worst flood for this area since 1929. Many houses were washed away, bridges and roads were badly damaged, some cattle drowned and crops were largely destroyed.

As part of the Billion Tree Tsunami initiative , the provincial government implemented a re-greening and landscape restoration program on an area of over 350,000 hectares by 2017.

Web links

Commons : Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Official website of the province
Statistical Office of the NWFP
The Peshawar Commune 1930: The Red Shirt Gandhians of Abdul Ghaffar Khan . Grass Roots Revolution 263, November 2001
Bernhard J. Trautner: The political reorganization of Afghanistan and the Pashtunistan question. 2002, archived from the original on December 18, 2012 ; accessed on May 31, 2017 .
Pakistan Research Group - Information on Forests in the NWFP, September 27, 2011

Individual evidence

↑ Pakistan Bureau of Statistics | 6th Population and Housing Census ( Memento from October 15, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
^ Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (2016). Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey 2014-15. Government of Pakistan, accessed June 29, 2019 .
↑ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees: UNHCR - The UN Refugee Agency. Retrieved July 28, 2018 .
↑ Pakistan: Provinces and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather, and Web Information. Retrieved July 28, 2018 .
↑ Flood Pakistan: World Vision Germany asks for donations for flood victims in Pakistan. Aktion Deutschland Hilft , August 3, 2010, archived from the original on August 17, 2010 ; accessed on May 31, 2017 .

34 72Coordinates: 34 ° 0 ′ N , 72 ° 0 ′ E

[1] Pakistan Bureau of Statistics | 6th Population and Housing Census ( Memento from October 15, 2017 in the Internet Archive )

[2] Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (2016). Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey 2014-15. Government of Pakistan, accessed June 29, 2019 .

[3] United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees: UNHCR - The UN Refugee Agency. Retrieved July 28, 2018 .

[4] Pakistan: Provinces and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather, and Web Information. Retrieved July 28, 2018 .

[ADH-5] Flood Pakistan: World Vision Germany asks for donations for flood victims in Pakistan. Aktion Deutschland Hilft , August 3, 2010, archived from the original on August 17, 2010 ; accessed on May 31, 2017 .