China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

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The Sino-Pakistani Economic Corridor

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor ( Chinese  中巴 經濟 走廊  /  中巴 经济 走廊 , Pinyin Zhōng Bā Jīngjì Zǒuláng , Urdu پاک چین اقتصادی راہداری DMG Pāk-Čīn Iqtiṣādī Rāhdārī , CPEC ) consists of a number of projects which aim to develop and improve the Pakistani transport and energy infrastructure as well as to increase economic cooperation between the People's Republic of China and Pakistan .

The project with the crossing of Pakistan's center of land between the Kunjirap Pass at an altitude of approx. 4,700 m and the port city of Gwadar on the Arabian Sea (partly on the Karakoram Highway ), one of the six land trade and infrastructure corridors of China's One Belt project , One Road (-> Silk Road Economic Belt ) is rated as its most ambitious part. According to press reports, it has an investment volume of between 46 and 65 billion US dollars and is part of China's 13th five-year plan .

It is expected that the CPEC will create up to 700,000 jobs between 2015 and 2030 and contribute 2–2.5 percent to Pakistan's economic growth . If all projects were completed as planned, the aggregate value would exceed all foreign investment in Pakistan since 1970.

Road and rail transport

The CPEC road and rail infrastructure projects are spread across the whole of Pakistan and will ultimately connect Gwadar in southwestern Pakistan with China's Xinjiang Autonomous Region , using large networks of highways and train routes. The infrastructure projects have a total value of $ 11 billion and are subsidized by the China Exim Bank , the China Development Bank and the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China .

A 1,100-kilometer motorway is to be built between Karachi and Lahore ; the Karakoram motorway between Rawalpindi and the Chinese border is to be completely renewed.

The Karachi-Peshawar railway line is being renewed and should allow trains to travel at 160 kilometers per hour from 2019. The rail network in Kashgar is also to be connected to China's Southern Xinjiang Railway .

Energy infrastructure

Pakistan suffers from chronic energy shortages of over 4,500 megawatts, which reduces the gross domestic product by 2–2.5% annually. With CPEC, 33 billion dollars will be invested in energy supply. A network of pipelines for liquefied natural gas and oil will include a $ 2.5 billion pipeline between Gwadar and Nawabshah for natural gas to flow from Iran. It is also planned to produce over 10,400 megawatts of energy from 2020 as part of the “Early Harvest” CPEC project and four other projects that are not part of CPEC. The electricity is to be produced mainly with coal, but wind energy projects are also planned and the construction of one of the largest solar parks in the world . Pakistan's Prime Minister Imran Khan refused to build a power plant to run on Chinese coal .

Satellite-based surveillance

Since the economic corridor runs through impassable and sparsely populated terrain, especially in its northern part, i.e. the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the special territory of Gilgit-Baltistan , it is prone to terrorist attacks and criminal activities. For this reason, the Pakistan Space Agency acquired SUPARCO ( Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission ) on 20 April 2016, the China Great Wall Industry Corporation , a subsidiary of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation offers that package solutions for foreign customers, on the CAST -2000- satellite bus based and built by Dong Fang Hong Satellite GmbH (航天 东方 红 卫星 有限公司) "Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite", "PRSS-1" for short. Apart from the usual tasks of an earth observation satellite such as the exploration of mineral resources or the estimation of crop yields, this satellite is used specifically to monitor the economic corridor and the associated construction projects. On July 9, 2018, PRSS-1 was launched from the Jiuquan Cosmodrome in China with a Changzheng 2C launcher.

criticism

In addition, areas for modern surveillance technology are to be built in this corridor as well as large-scale grain and cattle yards in order to be able to ensure the supply of the Chinese Muslims in the event of any bottlenecks (the majority of the population in China prefers pork, which cannot be produced in Pakistan for religious reasons) .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ BBC Article - " Blickpunkt ： Why the CPEC is causing a dispute？ (觀點 ： 中巴 經濟 走廊 為何 引發 爭論？) ", Chinese: 觀點 ： 中巴 經濟 走廊 為何 引發 爭論 , on bbc.com. October 2017
  2. ^ Economic corridor: Chinese official sets record straight . March 2, 2015.
  3. ↑ a b Tom Phillips: World's biggest building project aims to make China great again . In: The Guardian . May 12, 2017, ISSN  0261-3077 ( theguardian.com [accessed May 19, 2018]).
  4. ^ Tom Phillips: World's biggest building project aims to make China great again . In: The Guardian . May 12, 2017, ISSN  0261-3077 ( theguardian.com [accessed May 19, 2018]).
  5. ^ Social Science Research Network (SSRN), papers.ssrn.com: What Is One Belt One Road? A Surplus Recycling Mechanism Approach (English, dt. "What is One Belt One Road? A surplus recycling mechanism approach")
  6. ↑ China's Xi in Pakistan to cement huge infrastructure projects, submarine sales . In: McClatchy News , mcclatchydc, April 19, 2015. Retrieved April 20, 2015. 
  7. ↑ Atul Aneja: Xi comes calling to Pakistan, bearing gifts worth $ 46 billion . In: The Hindu , April 18, 2015. Retrieved April 23, 2015. 
  8. ↑ CPEC made part of China's 13th 5-year development plan: Weidong , Pakistan Today. November 23, 2015. Accessed March 6, 2016. 
  9. ↑ China's landmark investments in Pakistan . In: The Express Tribune , April 21, 2015. 
  10. ^ Saeed Shah: Big Chinese-Pakistani Project Tries to Overcome Jihadists, Droughts and Doubts . In: The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved April 10, 2016. 
  11. ↑ a b Claude Rakisits: A Path to the Sea: China's Pakistan plan . In: World Affairs Journal . Fall 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  12. ↑ Saeed Shah: China's Xi Jinping Launches Investment Deal in Pakistan . In: The Wall Street Journal , April 20, 2015. Retrieved April 23, 2015. 
  13. ^ Economic corridor: China to extend assistance at 1.6 percent interest rate . In: Business Recorder , September 3, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2016. 
  14. ↑ Karachi to Lahore Motorway Project Approved . The Dawn Media Group. 2014. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  15. ^ Railway track project planned from Karachi to Peshawar . In: Pakistan Tribune , November 13, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2016. 
  16. ↑ CPEC may get extra billion dollars , The Nation. June 22, 2015. Accessed December 11, 2015. 
  17. ^ Chinese firm takes control of Gwadar Port free-trade zone in Pakistan . In: South China Morning Post , November 11, 2015. Retrieved December 11, 2015. 
  18. ↑ Electricity shortfall Increases to 4,500 MW , Dunya News. June 29, 2015. Accessed December 11, 2015. 
  19. ↑ http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2015/07/09/pakistans-other-national-struggle-its-energy-crisis
  20. ^ A miracle on the Indus River . December 7, 2015. Accessed December 11, 2015. 
  21. ↑ China to Build Pipeline From Iran to Pakistan . In: The Wall Street Journal , April 9, 2015. Retrieved December 6, 2015. 
  22. ^ Parliamentary body on CPEC expresses concern over coal import . In: Daily Time , November 19, 2015. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved on December 11, 2015. 
  23. ↑ Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park: Solar energy's 100MW to arrive in April . In: The Express Tribune . March 27, 2015.
  24. ↑ a b Christoph Hein: Risky master plan. In: www.faz.net. March 5, 2019, accessed March 5, 2019 .
  25. ↑ Umama Afridi: Do we need military satellite? Take a look into where Pakistan stands in space. In: en.dailypakistan.com.pk. December 30, 2018, accessed February 15, 2020 .
  26. ↑ The Successful Launch of PRSS-1 / Pact-1A / LM-2C / SMA MISSION. In: cgwic.com. July 9, 2018, accessed February 15, 2020 .