Deutschordensballei On the Adige and in the mountains

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The medals in the empire
Coming of the Bollei Bolzano (1788)

The Deutschordensballei An der Etsch und im Gebirge was the regional organization of the Teutonic Order in the area of ​​the medieval county of Tyrol .

structure

The Ballei was originally under the German master . Shortly before 1300 she was subordinated to the Grand Master . In this way the ballroom became a chamber ballot , in which the grand master was entitled to appoint the land commander . The Commander-in-Chief of Bozen has also been the Commander-in-Chief since 1269. In 1520 the chamber ball was pledged to the Deutschmeister and not redeemed. Due to this unclear allocation, the Ballei was able to maintain a certain independence.

The Landkomtur der Ballei had been a member of the Tyrolean state since 1534 due to its territorial possessions and was represented in the Tyrolean state parliament on the second (= spiritual) bench. The purchase and sale of goods and the occupation of parishes was reserved for the land commander alone. The Ballei was economically weak and played a role in the 13th and 14th centuries when it provided accommodation for religious knights en route to Italy and the Holy Land. With the loss of Acre , the importance of the Ballei continued to decline.

Deutschhaus in Bozen (1910)

The seat of the land commander was Bolzano .

history

The nucleus of the Ballei was a donation from the Bozen couple Gerold and Mechthild from the year 1202, which led to the establishment of a hospital and a church (John the Baptist) on the Virglfuß - in 1273 the settlement is called "domus Theotunicorum in Boçano" . Because of its location on the Eisack , there were many floods, so that the order bought the Weggenstein residence in 1392 and made it the headquarters of the Ballei in 1400. The branch hospitals in Lengmoos (from 1234) and Sterzing (from 1254), run by the Coming Bozen, became comedians of their own. From 1269 there was a Landkomtur who had a vote in the Tyrolean Landtag from 1534 to 1918.

With the Bavarian occupation of Tyrol at the time of Napoleon, the spiritual areas were secularized until 1811 and the Teutonic Order lost all of its possessions. Under Emperor Franz II , the order was restituted and in fact received its territories and rights back in 1819. In 1834 Emperor Franz II officially renounced all rights under Article 12 of the Pressburg Peace and the order became an independent spiritual institute in Austria. He was able to maintain this status until 1929, when the Teutonic Order was expropriated under Mussolini. In some cases, houses and real estate could be preserved for the order, it was absorbed into the family community of the Teutonic Order.

Coming

Coming from to annotation image
Upcoming Bolzano April 9, 1202 1929 In 1202 a hospital was set up under the direction of the Teutonic Order on the initiative and with money of the couple Gerold and Mechthild. Secularized by Italy in 1929. Chiesa dell'ordine teutonico, bz, 01.JPG
Coming Lana April 16, 1396 In addition to the parish of Lana, Völlan and Gargazon also belonged to the coming. Teutonic Order Convention, Deanery Lana 1.JPG
Upcoming Lengmoos 1234 1929 In 1234 the Teutonic Order bought the hospital in Lengmoos. The building that still exists today was built around 1625. German order coming in Lengmoos.jpg
Coming Sankt Leonhard 1219 1811 In 1219, Emperor Friedrich II donated the parish to the Teutonic Order. Occupied and secularized by Bavaria in 1811. Sankt Leonhard in Passeier, kerk foto6 2012-08-11 17.28.jpg
Coming Schlanders 1305 1811 In 1235, Emperor Friedrich II gave the parish to Hermann von Salza . Occupied and secularized by Bavaria in 1811. View of the parish church.JPG
Coming Sterzing November 27, 1254 1929 The founder of the Sterzing Hospital, Adelhaid von Taufers, donated it and the parish church to the Teutonic Order. Sterzing Kommende6.jpg
Coming Trento April 27, 1283 1673 In 1283 the Teutonic Order received the St. Anna Monastery of the Augustinian Canons. The upcoming one was no longer economically viable and was sold. Trento-Sant'Anna-front.jpg
Coming Weggenstein See upcoming Bozen, Ballei on the Adige Chiesa dell'ordine teutonico, bz, 03.JPG

Situation today

Today the ball "On the Adige and in the mountains" of the Familiaren (third branch of the Teutonic Order) exists in South Tyrol. Since 2010 the commandery "Am Inn und Hohen Rhein" belongs to the Ballei. The building of the Kommende Lengmoos is still owned by the Teutonic Order. Today it serves as a pastoral and cultural center for the Eisack Valley.

The Teutonic Order has looked after the parish of Lana since 1202; in addition, the parishes Herz Jesu in Gargazon , Mariä Himmelfahrt in Lengmoos , St. Leonhard in Oberinn , St. Leonhard von Limoges in St. Leonhard in Passeier , Mariä Himmelfahrt in Sarnthein , Herz-Jesu in Siebeneich , St. Luzia in Unterinn , St Joseph in Vilpian , St. Severin in Völlan and St. Vigilius in Wangen looked after by the order. The Marianum-Deutschhaus and the Peter-Rigler -Heim (student residence) in Bozen also belong to the Ballei .

Teutonic Order Church of St. Antonius in Siebeneich

literature

  • Hans Georg Böhm: The Teutonic Order Ball in South Tyrol "On the Adige and in the mountains" . Issue No. 4, Bad Mergentheim 1987
  • Francesco Filotico: The German order and pastoral care in South Tyrol in the 13th century. In: Sources and research from Italian archives and libraries, Vol. 95 (2015), pp. 43–62
  • Damian Hung: Coming of the Teutonic Order
  • Klaus Militzer: The History of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart 2005.
  • Heinz Noflatscher (Ed.): The German Order in Tyrol . The ball on the Adige and in the mountains. Verlags-Anstalt Athesia, Marburg / Bozen 1991 (= sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order 43).
  • Marian Tumler : The German Order in the process of becoming, growing and working up to 1400 with an outline of the history of the order from 1400 to the most recent. Vienna 1955.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Klaus Militzer : The history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart 2005, p. 53f.
  2. ↑ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order. Stuttgart 2005, p. 132.
  3. ↑ Franz-Heinz von Hye : The Ballei on the Adige and the Landkommende Bozen. In: The German Order in Tyrol. Bozen 1991, p. 76f.
  4. ^ Justinian Ladurner : Documentary contributions to the history of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol. Innsbruck 1861, p. 9ff.
  5. ^ Hannes Obermair : Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500 . tape 1 . City of Bozen, Bozen 2005, ISBN 88-901870-0-X , p. 94, no. 34 (with fig. 7) .
  6. ↑ Franz-Heinz von Hye: The Ballei on the Etsch and the Landkommende Bozen , in: Der Deutsche Orden in Tirol, Bozen 1991, pp. 329-330.
  7. ^ Justinian Ladurner: Documentary contributions to the history of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol . Innsbruck 1861, p. 9ff.
  8. ↑ Franz-Heinz von Hye: The Ballei on the Etsch and the Landkommende Bozen , in: Der Deutsche Orden in Tirol, Bozen 1991, p. 77.
  9. ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times . Vienna 1955, p. 89.
  10. ↑ Klaus Militzer: The history of the Teutonic Order . Kohlhammer Verlag, 2005, p. 53.
  11. ^ Franz-Heinz von Hye: In the footsteps of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol . Bolzano 1991, p. 288.
  12. ↑ Josef Nössing: The German Order in Tyrol . Bozen 1991, p. 392ff.
  13. ^ Franz-Heinz von Hye: In the footsteps of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol . Bolzano 1991, p. 232.
  14. ↑ Marian Tumler: The German Order in Becoming, Growing and Working until 1400 with an outline of the history of the Order from 1400 to the most recent times . Vienna 1955, p. 88.
  15. ^ Franz-Heinz von Hye: In the footsteps of the Teutonic Order in Tyrol . Bozen 1991, p. 322.
  16. ↑ http://www.pfarrei-lana.org/de/pfarrei/deutschorden/17-0.html