German Order Coming from Freiburg

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Former Teutonic Order House in Freiburg im Breisgau

The Deutschordenskommende Freiburg was a branch of the Order of the Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem in Freiburg im Breisgau , first mentioned in a document in 1258 , which belonged to the Deutschordensballei Swabia-Alsace-Burgundy . Through secularization , the Kommende was incorporated into the Electorate of Baden in 1806, which also took over its possessions.

history

The Teutonic Order in Freiburg is already mentioned in a document from 1258, although it remains unclear whether there was already a coming one . In 1263, Count Konrad I of Freiburg gave the order a piece of land in the city near the Mönchstor. Between 1272 and 1485 the order acquired the church set of a number of Breisgau villages (Kappel, Pfaffenweiler, Ballrechte, Bötzingen, Buchheim, Denzlingen, Glottertal, Herdern, Ihringen, Malterdingen, Merdingen, Oberhausen, Wasenweiler). In 1292 there was a serious conflict between the order and the citizens of the city. The order had brought two citizens to their own jurisdiction and blinded them by judgment. The citizens then destroyed the commandery and expelled the order from the city. However, the city was forced to compensate the order by the empire and to rebuild the commandery at its own expense.

After the Reformation , the members of the Teutonic Order increasingly became “ pension institutions for the Catholic lower nobility ”.

After Freiburg was conquered by the French in 1677 , Vauban expanded Freiburg into a fortress. a. the suburb of Neuburg - and with it the commandery located there - was demolished. The order then settled in the center of the city near the Augustinian monastery in 1684. When the city again had to pay high contributions to the French occupation in 1713, the Teutonic Order helped out with a loan, for which it had its privileges guaranteed and acquired inner-city land.

The coming ones were considered wealthy in the 18th century. In addition to numerous goods and rights in many Breisgau villages, the Coming had local rule in Wasenweiler , Littenweiler (half) and Merdingen (two thirds). She exercised political influence through her seat on the prelate bank of the Breisgau estates . After the Breisgau was awarded to the Electorate of Baden in the Peace of Pressburg at the end of 1805 , the Kommende Freiburg was also secularized in 1806.

Religious house

In 1744 the order house was damaged by French artillery fire. The damage was soon repaired, but at the instigation of Land Commander Christian Moritz von Königsegg-Rothenfels , the construction of a new city palace began in 1768 according to plans by Franz Anton Bagnato and was completed in 1774. Joseph Hörr also worked on the facade decoration .

Bagnato's Baroque Palace was destroyed in an air raid on November 27, 1944. In 1986 a palace of justice was built on the property, which today belongs to the Freiburg Regional Court , whereby the baroque facade of the former Teutonic Order House was reconstructed.

literature

Web links

Commons : Deutschordenskommende (Freiburg im Breisgau)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ s. Schmid FDA 1986, p. 79
  2. ↑ Schmid FDA 1986, p. 81
  3. ↑ s. Jörg Seiler in monasteries in Baden-Württemberg
  4. ↑ Schmid FDA 1986, p. 87

Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 39.1 ″  N , 7 ° 51 ′ 6.8 ″  E