St. Margarethen Monastery

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Waldkirch: Collegiate Church of St. Margarethen

The monastery of St. Margaret was a noble women monastery in Waldkirch which 994 in a Benedictine monastery and from 1431 in a Chorherrenstift was converted. The patronage is derived from Margaret of Antioch .

history

The noble women's monastery of St. Margarethen was founded between 918 and 926, when the entire Elz Valley was under the rule of the Alemanni dukes Burkhardt and his son Burkhard II .

In 926, Duke Burkhard II and his wife Regelinda founded the noble women's monastery of St. Margarethen zu Waldkirch. He gave the monastery the entire valley with all residents, valleys and bodies of water as well as some rights, such as hunting and fishing rights.

In 994 the monastery was owned by the later Emperor Otto III. raised to the imperial monastery after he had received it by inheritance. Major donations and numerous privileges were associated with the survey. In a papal bull dated August 5, 1178, Pope Alexander III confirmed . the Waldkircher monastery extensive property in the area of ​​the Elz valley, for example in Waldkirch, Bleibach , Ober- and Niederiegen , Simonswald , Elzach , Prechtal and Denzlingen . Bailiffs of the monastery were the Lords of Schwarzenberg .

When the monastery became orphaned in 1430, Hans Werner von Schwarzenberg's secular canons took over the monastery at the request of Hans Werner von Schwarzenberg . The three previously independent churches of St. Peter, St. Martin and St. Walburga were incorporated. The historian Heinrich von Gundelfingen lived in the monastery from 1486 to 1490.

In 1803 the monastery was abolished in the course of secularization . For this reason, the obligation to build and maintain the former monastery and today's parish church lies with the state of Baden-Württemberg as the successor to the Grand Duchy of Baden .

Collegiate Church of St. Margarethen

Interior of the collegiate church

The magnificent collegiate church was built by Peter Thumb as a baroque hall church in the years 1732–1734 as a replacement for a Romanesque , dilapidated cathedral according to the Vorarlberg cathedral scheme and consecrated in 1738 by the Constance Auxiliary Bishop von Sirgenstein. The high altar and the ceiling paintings from the life of St. Margaret were created by the painter Franz Bernhard Altenburger . The church also contains works by the sculptor Johann Michael Winterhalder (including the Margaret statue on the facade ) and the painter Johann Josef Christian .

organ

In 1869 the church received an organ from the organ builder Eberhard Friedrich Walcker . It is one of the best preserved organs from the great organ builder of the Romantic era. It was restored in 2003 by the Freiburg organ building workshop Hartwig and Tilmann Späth .

Disposition
1. Manual C - f ′ ′ ′
Bourdon 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Viola di gamba 8th'
Covered 8th'
Hollow flute 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
Dolce 8th'
Octav 4 '
Reed flute 4 '
Super octave 2 ′
mixture 4f. 2 2 / 3 '
Cornett 5f. (8th')
Trumpet 8th'
2. Manual C - f ′ ′ ′
Principal 8th'
Lovely covered 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Dolce 4 ′
Transverse flute 4 ′
Gemshorn 4 ′
Clarinet 8th'
Pedal C - d ′
Violon bass 16 '
Sub bass 16 ′
violoncello 8th'
Octave bass 8th'
Covered bass 8th'
Trombone bass 16 ′
 
  • Pairing : IP, II-I
    • Mechanical game and stop action mechanism with cone chests

Bells

St. Margarethen has a remarkable ringing of nine bells. Six historical bells are complemented by three bells from the 20th century. The smallest bell, called the Scheidglocke (Josefsglocke) because it is rung after a member of the community dies , hangs in the tower lantern , the other bells hang in the baroque bell cage . In 2003 two bells from F. W. Schilling were replaced by two bells from I. J. Thouvenel, which were stored in chapels.

No.
 
Casting year
 
Foundry, casting location
 
Diameter
(mm)
Mass
(kg)
Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 )
Remarks
 
1 1517 Jörg II. (= Georg Guntheim) from Strasbourg 1,659 3,100 Osanna
2 1769 Matthew Edel II., Strasbourg 1,396 1,550 Marienbell
3 1956 Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling , Heidelberg 1,347 1,683 e 1 −4 Angelus bell
4th 1,192 1,160 f sharp 1 −4 St. Nepomuk
5 1,042 0754 g sharp 1 −4 Annaglocke
6th 1698 Ignaz Joseph Thouvenel, Outremécourt 0838 0350 h 1 −6 Marienbell
7th 0755 0270 a Annaglocke
8th 0677 0190 dis 2 −13 Peter (and Paul) bell
9 0435 0045 h 2 −8 Separating bell, in the tower lantern (St. Joseph)
a Bell 7 was weighed, the weights of bells 6, 8 and 9 are derived from this and estimated.

Propsteig building

The three-storey Propsteig building, erected between 1753 and 1755 according to plans by the Villingen architect Ludwig Oswald , features a statue of Margaret in the central gable by the sculptor Josef Anton Hops , who also came from Villingen. The stucco ceilings were designed by Franz Anton Vogel from Freiburg im Breisgau.

From 1815 to 1873 the building was used by the Kapferer brothers as a cotton weaving mill, after which it served as a hotel for some time. Among the guests in 1880 were the imperial family. Between 1891 and 1977 the building housed various schools. It was then restored and the Elztal Museum opened there in 1985 .

Abbesses of the monastery

  • Regelinda (until 958)
  • Judenta (1138)
  • Bertha (1217)
  • Willebirgis (1223)
  • Junta (1264)
  • Suffie or Sophia (1294)
  • Catherine of Stoffeln (1324)

Provosts of the Canons' Monastery

  • Ladislaus Blassenberg (1437)
  • Johann von Krotzingen (1449)
  • Jorge von Landeck (1473)
  • Balthasar Merklin (1508), later Bishop of Hildesheim and Constance
  • Andreas Stürzel († 1537)
  • Jörg Köck or Keck (1540), Dr. theol.
  • Fridericus Nausea von Weisenfeld (?)
  • Christoph Wertmein (?)
  • Adrian Manz (1563), stud. Theol.
  • Gregor Haedler (1583)
  • Matheus Zimmermann (1603)
  • Johannes Eisenmanger (1626)
  • Georgius Laumer (1636)
  • Michael Diel († 1651)
  • Georg Alban Meyer (1667) Dr. theol., Capitular and Canon of Basel
  • Christian Mack (1684–1708)
  • Hartmann Antonius Benz (1708–1726)
  • Franziskus Josephus Egermeyer (1726–1737)
  • Franziskus Christian Frick (1737–1753)
  • Franziskus Josephus Merklin (1753–1769)
  • Franziskus Josephus Byrsner (1769–1809)
  • Carl Johann Nepomuk von Hauser († 1836 as Canon in Freiburg)

literature

Web links

Commons : St. Margarethen (Waldkirch)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. St. Margaretha - the whole Elztal as a gift. In: stadt-waldkirch.de, accessed on October 26, 2017 (without naming the author).
  2. Key data on Waldkirch's town history ( Memento from December 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 69 kB). In: stadt-waldkirch.de, accessed on October 26, 2017 (without naming the author).
  3. ^ Albert BrucknerGundelfingen (Gundelfinger), Heinrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 313 f. ( Digitized version ).
  4. Catholic pastoral care unit Waldkirch - church music - disposition - support group Walcker-Orgel St. Margarethen. In: kath-waldkirch.de, accessed on October 5, 2019.
  5. ^ Andreas Philipp: Bells of the month of September 2012. The bells of St. Margaretha in Waldkirch. (PDF; 1.6 MB) In: glockenmuseum.de. German Bell Museum , accessed on October 26, 2017.
  6. Andreas Haasis-Berner: Anastasia, Countess Palatine of Tübingen: 15 years abbess of the St. Margarethen Monastery in Waldkirch (1397-1412). In: Waldkircher Heimatbrief. Vol. 243 (2013), ZDB -ID 349318-0 , pp. 3-4 ( opac.regesta-imperii.de ).

Coordinates: 48 ° 5 '29 "  N , 7 ° 57' 47"  E