St. Margarethen Monastery
The monastery of St. Margaret was a noble women monastery in Waldkirch which 994 in a Benedictine monastery and from 1431 in a Chorherrenstift was converted. The patronage is derived from Margaret of Antioch .
history
The noble women's monastery of St. Margarethen was founded between 918 and 926, when the entire Elz Valley was under the rule of the Alemanni dukes Burkhardt and his son Burkhard II .
In 926, Duke Burkhard II and his wife Regelinda founded the noble women's monastery of St. Margarethen zu Waldkirch. He gave the monastery the entire valley with all residents, valleys and bodies of water as well as some rights, such as hunting and fishing rights.
In 994 the monastery was owned by the later Emperor Otto III. raised to the imperial monastery after he had received it by inheritance. Major donations and numerous privileges were associated with the survey. In a papal bull dated August 5, 1178, Pope Alexander III confirmed . the Waldkircher monastery extensive property in the area of the Elz valley, for example in Waldkirch, Bleibach , Ober- and Niederiegen , Simonswald , Elzach , Prechtal and Denzlingen . Bailiffs of the monastery were the Lords of Schwarzenberg .
When the monastery became orphaned in 1430, Hans Werner von Schwarzenberg's secular canons took over the monastery at the request of Hans Werner von Schwarzenberg . The three previously independent churches of St. Peter, St. Martin and St. Walburga were incorporated. The historian Heinrich von Gundelfingen lived in the monastery from 1486 to 1490.
In 1803 the monastery was abolished in the course of secularization . For this reason, the obligation to build and maintain the former monastery and today's parish church lies with the state of Baden-Württemberg as the successor to the Grand Duchy of Baden .
Collegiate Church of St. Margarethen
The magnificent collegiate church was built by Peter Thumb as a baroque hall church in the years 1732–1734 as a replacement for a Romanesque , dilapidated cathedral according to the Vorarlberg cathedral scheme and consecrated in 1738 by the Constance Auxiliary Bishop von Sirgenstein. The high altar and the ceiling paintings from the life of St. Margaret were created by the painter Franz Bernhard Altenburger . The church also contains works by the sculptor Johann Michael Winterhalder (including the Margaret statue on the facade ) and the painter Johann Josef Christian .
organ
In 1869 the church received an organ from the organ builder Eberhard Friedrich Walcker . It is one of the best preserved organs from the great organ builder of the Romantic era. It was restored in 2003 by the Freiburg organ building workshop Hartwig and Tilmann Späth .
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Bells
St. Margarethen has a remarkable ringing of nine bells. Six historical bells are complemented by three bells from the 20th century. The smallest bell, called the Scheidglocke (Josefsglocke) because it is rung after a member of the community dies , hangs in the tower lantern , the other bells hang in the baroque bell cage . In 2003 two bells from F. W. Schilling were replaced by two bells from I. J. Thouvenel, which were stored in chapels.
No. |
Casting year |
Foundry, casting location |
Diameter (mm) |
Mass (kg) |
Percussive ( HT - 1 / 16 ) |
Remarks |
1 | 1517 | Jörg II. (= Georg Guntheim) from Strasbourg | 1,659 | 3,100 | Osanna | |
2 | 1769 | Matthew Edel II., Strasbourg | 1,396 | 1,550 | Marienbell | |
3 | 1956 | Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling , Heidelberg | 1,347 | 1,683 | e 1 −4 | Angelus bell |
4th | 1,192 | 1,160 | f sharp 1 −4 | St. Nepomuk | ||
5 | 1,042 | 754 | g sharp 1 −4 | Annaglocke | ||
6th | 1698 | Ignaz Joseph Thouvenel, Outremécourt | 838 | 350 | h 1 −6 | Marienbell |
7th | 755 | a | 270Annaglocke | |||
8th | 677 | 190 | dis 2 −13 | Peter (and Paul) bell | ||
9 | 435 | 45 | h 2 −8 | Separating bell, in the tower lantern (St. Joseph) |
Propsteig building
The three-storey Propsteig building, erected between 1753 and 1755 according to plans by the Villingen architect Ludwig Oswald , features a statue of Margaret in the central gable by the sculptor Josef Anton Hops , who also came from Villingen. The stucco ceilings were designed by Franz Anton Vogel from Freiburg im Breisgau.
From 1815 to 1873 the building was used by the Kapferer brothers as a cotton weaving mill, after which it served as a hotel for some time. Among the guests in 1880 were the imperial family. Between 1891 and 1977 the building housed various schools. It was then restored and the Elztal Museum opened there in 1985 .
Abbesses of the monastery
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Provosts of the Canons' Monastery
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literature
- Lorenz Werkmann: Contributions to the history of the Waldkirch women's foundation. In: Freiburg Diocesan Archive. Volume 3, 1868, pp. 124–163, urn : nbn: de: bsz: 25-opus-62858 ( freidok.uni-freiburg.de ) (PDF; 30.7 MB).
- Josef Bader : The valley of Simonswald under the S. Margarethestifte zu Waldkirch. In: Freiburg Diocesan Archive. Volume 7 (1873), pp. 1–80, urn : nbn: de: bsz: 25-opus-63418 ( freidok.uni-freiburg.de [PDF; 23.6 MB]).
- KH Freiherr Roth von Schreckenstein : Contributions to the history of the monastery and the city of Waldkirch. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine . Volume 36, 1883, pp. 212-240, 286-321, 433-460 ( Scan - Internet Archive ).
- Waldkirch (churches - monastery). In: Badische Historische Kommission (Ed.), Edited by Albert Krieger : Topographical Dictionary of the Grand Duchy of Baden. 2nd, revised and greatly increased edition. Volume 2: L-Z. Half volume 2. Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, Heidelberg 1905, column 1323-1328 ( Heidelberg historical holdings - digital ).
- Franz Xaver Kraus : The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden. 6th volume, 1st section: Freiburg district. Tübingen / Leipzig 1904, pp. 512-514, doi: 10.11588 / diglit.1225 # 0541 ( digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de ).
- Heinrich Roth: The founder of the Waldkirch monastery. In: Freiburg Diocesan Archive. Volume 72, 1952, pp. 54-73 ( freidok.uni-freiburg.de ).
- Karl Leopold Hitzfeld : Is Ruodharius = Ruothardus? Miszelle [to H. Roth]. In: Freiburg Diocesan Archive. Volume 73, 1953, pp. 226–228, urn : nbn: de: bsz: 25-opus-56339 ( freidok.uni-freiburg.de ) (PDF; 26.9 MB).
- Karl Kurrus: The castle on Koliberg and the fiefdom of St. Margarethen: old relationships between Waldkirch and Endingen. 1983. In: Research and Preservation. The Elztäler Heimatmuseum in Waldkirch. Cultural and regional historical contributions to the Elztal and Breisgau on the 75th birthday of Hermann Rambach on September 21, 1983. Edited by Heinrich Lehmann. Waldkircher Verl.-Ges., Waldkirch 1983, ISBN 3-87885-090-5 , pp. 159-171.
- Women with rich gifts. City history Waldkirch I: St. Margarethen Monastery founded between 918 and 926. In: Badische Zeitung . January 29, 2009 ( badische-zeitung.de [beginning of article freely available]).
- Christine Kleinjung: Norm and practice of the religious way of life in Waldkirch until the abolition of the women's community in 1431. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine, Volume 164, 2016, pp. 61–99.
- Andreas Haasis-Berner: The St. Margarethen monastery in Waldkirch (= Waldkirch town history. Volume 2). City of Waldkirch, Waldkirch 2017, ISBN 978-3-9810316-6-9 .
- Paul Wehrle: Bell names (personal research on site)
Web links
- Collegiate foundation St. Margarethen Waldkirch in the database of monasteries in Baden-Württemberg of the Baden-Württemberg State Archives
- Entry on alemannische-seiten.de
- Recording of the loud bells of the collegiate church St. Margarethen in Waldkirch (MP3; 6.0 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ St. Margaretha - the whole Elztal as a gift. In: stadt-waldkirch.de, accessed on October 26, 2017 (without naming the author).
- ↑ Key data on Waldkirch's town history ( Memento from December 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 69 kB). In: stadt-waldkirch.de, accessed on October 26, 2017 (without naming the author).
- ^ Albert Bruckner : Gundelfingen (Gundelfinger), Heinrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 313 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Catholic pastoral care unit Waldkirch - church music - disposition - support group Walcker-Orgel St. Margarethen. In: kath-waldkirch.de, accessed on October 5, 2019.
- ^ Andreas Philipp: Bells of the month of September 2012. The bells of St. Margaretha in Waldkirch. (PDF; 1.6 MB) In: glockenmuseum.de. German Bell Museum , accessed on October 26, 2017.
- ↑ Andreas Haasis-Berner: Anastasia, Countess Palatine of Tübingen: 15 years abbess of the St. Margarethen Monastery in Waldkirch (1397-1412). In: Waldkircher Heimatbrief. Vol. 243 (2013), ZDB -ID 349318-0 , pp. 3-4 ( opac.regesta-imperii.de ).
Coordinates: 48 ° 5 '29 " N , 7 ° 57' 47" E