Dolaț
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Dolaț Dolatz Dolacz, Doc |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Banat | ||||
| Circle : | Timiș | ||||
| Municipality : | Livezile | ||||
| Coordinates : | 45 ° 26 ' N , 21 ° 4' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Height : | 80 m | ||||
| Residents : | 559 (2002) | ||||
| Postal code : | 307011 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 56 | ||||
| License plate : | TM | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2012) | |||||
| Community type : | Village | ||||
| Mayor : | Varga Ștefan ( PNL ) | ||||
Dolaț ( German Dolatz , Hungarian Dolacz or Dóc ) is a village in Timiș County , Banat , Romania with 559 inhabitants. Dolaț belongs to the Livezile community .
location
The place is located south of Timisoara , in the southwest of the district Timis, at the foothills of the channelized river Timis .
Neighboring places
| Gad | Macedonia | Ghilad |
| Grănicerii |
.svg)
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Ofsenița |
| Giera | Livezile | Banloc |
history
In the papal tithe registers Dolatz is mentioned as being settled by Hungarians as early as 1332 under the name Dolch . After the battle of Mohács (1526) against the Ottomans , the Hungarians were expelled from Dolatz. In 1645 Serbian settlers came to the village and named it Dolie . However, they were driven out by the Turks at the end of the 17th century.
After the Peace of Passarowitz on July 21, 1718, after 164 years of Turkish rule, the Banat was attached to the Habsburg Monarchy and, as the imperial crown and chamber domain, was subordinated to the Vienna government. The Habsburg colonization of the Banat began with the so-called Swabian trains . In 1811, Swabian settlers from neighboring German villages came to the village by internal migration and called it Dolatz . Most of the settlers came from what is now the Serbian Banat / Voivodina . Under these conditions, the place temporarily grew to over 1500 inhabitants despite various disasters and waves of emigration to America.
As a result of the Austro-Hungarian settlement in February 1867, the Banat came under Hungarian administration internally . A huge wave of Magyarization began, which peaked at the beginning of the 20th century. Ecclesiastically, Dola Fil was a branch of the Catholic parish Ofsenița in the 19th century .
On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Dolatz also belonged, fell to the Kingdom of Romania . The official name was Dolaț .
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between 18–30 and men between the ages of 16–45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .
The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods. The expropriated land was distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country. The collectivization of agriculture was initiated in the early 1950s . Through the nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, the expropriation of all economic enterprises took place regardless of ethnicity.
Since the population along the Romanian-Yugoslav border was classified as a security risk by the Romanian government after the rift between Stalin and Tito and his exclusion from the Cominform alliance, "politically unreliable elements" were deported to the Bărăgan on June 18, 1951 . Steppe regardless of ethnicity. At the same time, the Romanian leadership aimed to break the resistance against the impending collectivization of agriculture. When the Bărăgan abductees returned home in 1956, the houses and farms expropriated in 1945 were returned to them. However, the field ownership was collectivized.
Demographics
| census | Ethnicity | |||||||
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| year | Residents | Romanians | Hungary | German | Other | |||
| 1880 | 1164 | - | 8th | 1111 | 45 | |||
| 1910 | 1183 | 36 | 134 | 998 | 15th | |||
| 1930 | 1441 | 236 | 11 | 1076 | 17th | |||
| 1977 | 751 | 137 | 83 | 484 | 47 | |||
| 2002 | 559 | 458 | 65 | 27 | 9 | |||
See also
literature
- Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
Web links
- Dolatzer history and Swabian dialect stories , by Hans Niedermayer