Dorfmühle (Großkarlbach)
| Village mill
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 Village mill from the northeast |
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| Location and history | ||
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| Coordinates | 49 ° 32 '20 " N , 8 ° 13' 21" E | |
| Location | Grosskarlbach | |
| Waters | Eckbach | |
| Built | 1602 at the latest | |
| Shut down | 1841 | |
| Status | Leiningerland Mill Museum | |
| technology | ||
| use | Watermill | |
| Grinder | two grinding cycles, one peeling cycle | |
| water wheel | undershot | |
The village mill in the Rhineland-Palatinate municipality of Großkarlbach used to be a mill that was powered by water power . After its restoration, it serves as a foam mill and houses the Leiningerland Großkarlbach Mill Museum ; some rooms are used for the mayor's office and community archive as well as for youth, senior citizens and conferences.
Geographical location
The village mill with the address Kändelgasse 15 is located in the historic center to the left of the Eckbach , whose water once drove both of its mill wheels. Of the former seven mills in Großkarlbach, it was the only one that was located within the gates of the village, which was fortified in the Middle Ages , from which its name is derived. The Eckbach-Mühlenwanderweg, created in 1997 on the initiative of the Kleinkarlbach mill expert Wolfgang Niederhöfer , leads past the mill . Five of the town's mills are more or less well preserved, four are used for residential purposes. The poplar mill was in operation by them until the 1980s.
investment
The system of the village mill consists of a grown building complex, which extends roughly in a south-west-north-east direction along the Eckbach and the three buildings of which merge. The centrally located main house with a half-hipped roof has two full, brick-built floors made of roughly worked rubble stones , the gable surfaces are provided with half-timbered panels. The mill technology and the museum are located on both floors. The mayor's office and a multi-purpose room are also located on the ground floor. The extensions also each have two floors. The western one contains various smaller rooms and the wooden internal staircase, the eastern one on the masonry ground floor the senior's room and on the half-timbered upper floor, which is accessible via an external staircase with a gallery - both made of wood - youth rooms. The eastern extension has a hip roof , the western one a gable roof .
Brick outer walls and compartments are plastered white-gray, while wooden panels, end boards and beams of all three buildings are kept in a deep reddish brown. Some of the wooden parts have old carvings. Wooden shutters, with which not all windows are provided, as well as doors were painted dark green, exposed sandstone parts such as window and door frames were painted light gray. The color scheme was determined by the Rhineland-Palatinate State Office for Monument Preservation according to the traces that have been handed down.
Building history
The village mill was a so-called ban mill , i.e. that is, the villagers were obliged to have their grain milled there and only there. It has existed since 1602 at the latest, when a year of construction, possibly even a year of renovation, was carved into the lintel . A written testimony from 1605 clearly indicates them, but still without naming them. It was first mentioned by name during the Thirty Years' War , in the annual accounts of the Worms Cathedral Monastery from 1632/33. There, the then collector Johann Conrad Fellßen entered under the title "Korn Mühlenlacht" in Großkarlbach's neighboring village of Dirmstein :
" 8 Malter Korn, Georg Stubenrauch from Großkarlbach, for a mill in the village (Dorfmühle) "
An inventory from 1815 shows:
" A grinding mill with two grinding aisles, a peeling aisle and stables, called the Dorfmühle, located in Großkarlbach, on the one hand the Eckbach, on the other hand the Kändelgasse, with all accessories and the associated equipment, namely new tubs, a complete set of dishes (measures and weights), two bags, four sieves, two billen, a double point (hammers and tools for cutting the grinding stones), a saw and a new water wheel, valued at 2500 guilders. A barn in Back- or Simonsgasse, valued at 500 guilders. In fields and vineyards: 32 fields and vineyards, valued at 6,415 guilders. The total fortune was estimated at 7050 guilders and 2 cruisers. "
In 1841 the property was purchased by the municipality to expand the mill technology. This meant that the damming of the Eckbach brook to generate the amount of water that was needed for several simultaneous grinding cycles and which was regularly associated with a flood on Kändelgasse was superfluous.
During the 20th century the mill gradually fell into disrepair. Although the Frankenthal (Palatinate) district, which was dissolved in 1969, had already carried out restoration plans in 1957, the structure of the building was only poorly secured in its structural fabric from 1997. Based on the resolution of a citizens' meeting in 2000, the mill was restored and made usable between 2002 and 2007 by around 60 Großkarlbach citizens on their own initiative. The members of the Förderverein Mühlenmuseum Leiningerland Großkarlbach, founded in 2006 out of legal necessity, and a group of volunteers around the local restorer Hubert Schneider worked around 10,000 hours free of charge, worth over 120,000 euros, and citizens, companies and associations donated over 35,000 euros. The EU , the state of Rhineland-Palatinate and the community of Grünstadt-Land granted grants . The total cost of renovation and restoration amounted to EUR 1.02 million.
The official inauguration of the protected cultural monument took place on June 22, 2007 by the then Rhineland-Palatinate Interior Minister Karl Peter Bruch .
Mill Museum
In 2007 the Leiningerland Großkarlbach Mill Museum was opened in the Dorfmühle .
For demonstration purposes, a new mill wheel was installed, which, along with other old parts , could be taken over from a dismantled mill in Grafenhausen ( Black Forest ). Historical exhibits were also made available by former mills from Kleinkarlbach , Laumersheim , Osthofen and Talsteußlingen . The value of the donations in kind is estimated at at least 100,000 euros.
Like the two original mill wheels, the newly installed one also hangs above the water level and is driven overshot . It is fed with Eckbach water, which is transported upwards via a pipeline by an electric pump in the creek bed. In front of the upper floor, it is directed over a wooden gutter lined with sheet metal behind the apex onto the mill wheel, so that the direction of rotation is the same as in an undershot operation (and the speed of rotation - as before - is increased by flooding or backwater from the Eckbach could). By means of a similar channel, then called "Kandel" , the water used to be diverted further up from the Eckbach and brought over a longer distance. Because this Kandel was mainly led between the Eckbach and the street on the left, it was given its name "Kändelgasse", which is still valid today. In contrast to the Eckbach, the old Kandel had only a minimal gradient, so that there was a level difference of about five meters up to the Dorfmühle, which enabled the overshot operation.
Arnold Gieser from Großkarlbach built a 1:10 scale model of today's plant in over 400 working hours, which is exhibited in the mill museum. The museum is open on the 2nd and 4th Sunday of the month from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m., guided tours are also possible at other times by arrangement.
literature
- Georg Peter Karn, Ulrike Weber (arrangement): Bad Dürkheim district. City of Grünstadt, Union communities Freinsheim, Grünstadt-Land and Hettenleidelheim (= cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 13.2 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2006, ISBN 3-88462-215-3 .
- Wolfgang Niederhöfer and Verbandsgemeinde Grünstadt-Land (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the opening of the Mühlenwanderweg . Kleinkarlbach / Grünstadt 1997, p. 24 (without ISBN).
Web links
- Local community Großkarlbach: Mill museum "Alte Dorfmühle"
- Verbandsgemeinde Grünstadt-Land: Mill museum "Alte Dorfmühle"
Individual evidence
- ↑ A piece of village history . In: LEO - The leisure magazine for the Palatinate . Rheinpfalz Verlag und Druckerei, Ludwigshafen June 14, 2007.
- ↑ a b c d Topic on Saturday: The village mill in Großkarlbach is inaugurated . In: Die Rheinpfalz , local edition Frankenthaler Zeitung . Ludwigshafen June 23, 2007.
- ↑ a b c d Niederhöfer / Verbandsgemeinde Grünstadt-Land (ed.): Festschrift for the opening of the Mühlenwanderweg . S. 24 .
- ^ Georg Peter Karn, Ulrike Weber: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . tape 13.2 , 2006.
- ↑ Oral explanations by the restorer Hubert Schneider (see discussion page ).