Dzharkenit
| Dzharkenit | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| other names |
IMA 1993-054 |
| chemical formula | FeSe 2 |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Sulfides and sulfosalts |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
2.EB.05a 02.12.01.17 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | cubic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | cubic-disdodecahedral; 2 / m 3 |
| Space group | Pa 3 (No. 205) |
| Lattice parameters | a = 5.78 Å |
| Formula units | Z = 4 |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 5 ( VHN 20 = 253–388 kg / mm²) |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | calculated: 7.349 |
| Cleavage | is missing |
| Break ; Tenacity | uneven; brittle |
| colour | black, light orange in reflected light |
| Line color | black |
| transparency | opaque (opaque) |
| shine | Diamond to metallic luster |
Dzharkenite is a very rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of "sulphides and sulphosalts" with the chemical composition FeSe 2 and thus, chemically speaking, iron diselenide .
Dzharkenit crystallizes in the cubic crystal system and develops octahedral crystals of mostly between 10 and 100 μm to about 0.5 mm in size. The mineral is in any form opaque ( opaque ) and displays on the surfaces of black, in the incident light and light orange crystals have a diamond-like to metallic luster . The line color of the mineral is also black.
Its Mohs hardness of 5 corresponds to that of the reference mineral apatite and could therefore still be scratched with a pocket knife if the size was appropriate .
Etymology and history
Was first discovered in the Dzharkenit uranium - selenium - deposit Suluchekinskoye at the Dzharkenskaya- depression at Ili in the Kazakhstan Province Almaty . It was first described in 1995 by YV Yashunsky, EG Ryabeva, MV Abramov and SD Rasulova, initially in the Russian specialist magazine Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva and a year later in English in the specialist magazine American Mineralogist . The mineral was named after its type of locality .
The type material of the mineral is in the Fersman Museum (named after Alexander Evgenjewitsch Fersman ) in Moscow under the catalog no. 84060 kept.
classification
Since the dzharkenite was only recognized as an independent mineral in 1993, it is not yet listed in the 8th edition of the mineral classification according to Strunz , which has been outdated since 1977 . Only in the Lapis mineral directory according to Stefan Weiß, which, out of consideration for private collectors and institutional collections, is still based on this old form of Karl Hugo Strunz's system , was the mineral given the system and mineral number. II / D.17-65 . In the "Lapis system" this corresponds to the class of "sulfides and sulfosalts" and there the section "sulfides with (the molar ratio) metal: S, Se, Te <1: 1", where dzharkenite together with aurostibite , fukuchilite , villamanínite , cattierite , Changchengit , Erlichmanit , Geversit , Hauerit , Insizwait , Krutaite , Laurit , Maslovit , Mayingit , Michenerit , Padmait , Penroseite , pyrite , Sperrylith , Testibiopalladit , Trogtalit and Vaesit the "pyrite group" formed (as 2018).
The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics, valid since 2001 and updated by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) until 2009, classifies the Dzharkenit in the division of "Metal sulfides with M: S ≤ 1: 2". This is further subdivided according to the exact molar ratio and the predominant metals in the compound, so that the mineral can be found in the sub-section "M: S = 1: 2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE etc." according to its composition, where it together with Aurostibit, cattierite, Erlichmanit, Fukuchilit, Gaotaiit , Geversit, Hauerit, Insizwait, Iridisit , Krutaite, Laurit, Penroseite, pyrite, Sperrylith, Trogtalit, Vaesit and Villamanínit the "pyrite group" with the system number. 2.EB.05a forms.
The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is mainly used in the English-speaking world , assigns the Dzharkenit to the class of "sulfides and sulfosalts" and there in the department of "sulfide minerals". Here it is also in the "pyrite group (isometric: Pa 3 )" with the system no. 02.12.01 to be found within the subsection “ Sulphides - including selenides and tellurides - with the composition A m B n X p , with (m + n): p = 1: 2 ”.
Chemism
The idealized (theoretical) composition of dzharkenite (FeSe 2 ) consists of 26.13% iron (Fe) and 73.87% selenium (Se). When analyzing the type material from Kazakhstan, however, very low contents of 0.45% copper (Cu) and 0.01% cobalt (Co) could also be determined.
Crystal structure
Dzharkenit crystallizes cubically in the space group Pa 3 (space group no. 205) with the lattice parameters a = 5.78 Å and four formula units per unit cell .
Modifications and varieties
The compound FeSe 2 is dimorphic and occurs naturally as orthorhombic crystallizing ferroselite in addition to the cubic dzharkenite .
Education and Locations
At its type locality, Dzharkenite was found together with goethite and ferroselite in the selenium ores and quartz sands of the Suluchekinskoye U-Se deposit in the Kazakh province of Almaty. This deposit is also the only known site in Kazakhstan to date .
Other previously known localities are the uranium shaft 16 in the municipality Háje u Příbramě in Czech Příbram, the copper deposit Zapadno-Ozernoye in Rajon Utschalinski in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the coal -Lagerstätte Briketno-Zheltukhinskoe in Ryazan in Russia and the Smoky Canyon mine with phosphate rocks in the Crow Creek Mining District in Caribou County of Idaho and the former uranium mine Cactus Rat Mine in the Thompson Mining District in Grand County of Utah in the United States.
See also
literature
- John Leslie Jambor , Vladimir A. Kovalenker, Andrew C. Roberts: New mineral names . In: American Mineralogist . tape 81 , 1996, pp. 1013-1017 (English, rruff.info [PDF; 898 kB ; accessed on March 10, 2020]).
- YV Yashunsky, EG Ryabeva, MV Abramov, SD Rasulova: Джаркенит FeSe 2 Новый Минерал . In: Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva . tape 124 , no. 1 , 1995, p. 85–90 (Russian, rruff.info [PDF; 384 kB ; accessed on March 10, 2020] English translation of the title Dzharkenite FeSe 2 - the new mineral ).
Web links
- Mineral Atlas: Dzharkenit (Wiki)
- Dzharkenite. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed March 10, 2020 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Malcolm Back, William D. Birch, Michel Blondieau and others: The New IMA List of Minerals - A Work in Progress - Updated: March 2020. (PDF 1729 kB) In: cnmnc.main.jp. IMA / CNMNC, Marco Pasero, March 2020, accessed March 10, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c d e Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel : Strunz Mineralogical Tables. Chemical-structural Mineral Classification System . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p. 103 (English).
- ↑ a b c Stefan Weiss: The large Lapis mineral directory. All minerals from A - Z and their properties. Status 03/2018 . 7th, completely revised and supplemented edition. Weise, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-921656-83-9 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Dzharkenite . In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America . 2001 (English, handbookofmineralogy.org [PDF; 63 kB ; accessed on March 10, 2020]).
- ↑ Ernest H. Nickel, Monte C. Nichols: IMA / CNMNC List of Minerals 2009. (PDF 1816 kB) In: cnmnc.main.jp. IMA / CNMNC, January 2009, accessed March 10, 2020 .
- ↑ David Barthelmy: Dzharkenite Mineral Data. In: webmineral.com. Retrieved March 10, 2020 .
- ↑ Find location list for Dzharkenit in the Mineralienatlas and Mindat , accessed on March 10, 2020.