Eduard Hitschmann

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Eduard Hitschmann in the Vienna Psychoanalytical Outpatient Clinic in 1922 (seated, 4th from left).
Photo: Ludwig Gutmann

Eduard Hitschmann (born July 28, 1871 in Vienna , Austria-Hungary ; died July 31, 1957 in Gloucester , USA ) was an Austrian-American psychoanalyst.

Life

Eduard Hitschmann was the son of a senior banker at the Rothschild Bank in Vienna. The older brother Maximilian Hitschmann (1870–1950) was a lawyer and was able to flee from the National Socialists, the younger brother Heinrich Hitschmann (1873–1944) was a banker and perished in the Theresienstadt ghetto . Hitschmann was married to the speech therapist and concert singer Hedwig Schick (1891–1944), their daughter Margarethe, born in 1914, trained as a psychoanalyst in the USA.

Hitschmann attended the Academic Gymnasium and studied medicine at the University of Vienna , where he received his doctorate in 1895. In 1904 he opened an internal medicine practice. Sigmund Freud advertised him in 1905 for the B'nai B'rith Lodge and accepted him into the Psychological Wednesday Society founded in 1905 , from which the Vienna Psychoanalytical Association emerged . In B'nai B'rith, he and Oskar Rie were active members. In 1908 he took part in the 1st International Psychoanalytical Congress in Salzburg and was elected to the executive committee of the newly founded International Psychoanalytic Association at the second congress in 1910 . In 1913 he co-founded the International Journal of Psychoanalysis and was editor of the yearbook for psychoanalytic and psychopathological research with Karl Abraham . During the First World War he worked at the medical hospital in Vienna.

From 1922 to 1938 he was director of the Vienna Psychoanalytical Outpatient Clinic, which was founded on the premises of a former military hospital. In 1933 he was brief editor of the Vienna journal Die psychoanalytischebewegung . Hitschmann was one of the doctors in the Freud family. After the annexation of Austria in 1938 he emigrated with his family to London and after Sigmund Freud's death in London in 1940 he moved to Cambridge in the USA. He worked as a training analyst at the Boston Psychoanalytic Institute and lectured at Harvard Medical School . He had several arguments with Helene Deutsch .

Hitschmann also wrote under the pseudonym Multaretuli . In 1911 he published a generally understandable work on Freud's theory of neuroses. He wrote a large number of biographical essays using the methods of psychoanalytic biography he developed. His 1919 essay on Gottfried Keller was put on the list of harmful and undesirable literature by the Germans in 1938 .

Hitschmann died while on vacation in Gloucester. Eduard Hitschmann is now considered forgotten.

Fonts (selection)

  • Schopenhauer. Attempt at a psychoanalysis of the philosopher. In: Imago , 1912
  • Gottfried Keller: Psychoanalytic claims and assumptions about his work. In: Imago , 1916
    • Gottfried Keller: Psychoanalysis of the poet, his characters and motifs . Leipzig: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag, 1919
  • Freud's theories of the neuroses . Charles Rockwell Payne in Romanian. Editor Ernest Jones . New York: Moffat, Yard and Company, 1917
  • A ghost from Knut Hamsun's childhood . Leipzig: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag, 1926
  • Psychoanalytical information on Goethe's personality. Lecture on January 11, 1930 at the Goethe Society in Vienna , 1932
  • Johann Peter Eckermann: a psychoanalytical-biographical study: Lecture given in the “Vienna Goethe Association” on February 4, 1933 .
  • Samuel Johnson's character: a psychoanalytic interpretation , 1945
  • with Edmund Bergler : The sexual coldness of women: their nature and their treatment . Vienna: Verl. D. "Ars Medici", 1934
  • with Edmund Bergler : Talleyrand, Napoleon, Stendhal, Grabbe: psychoanalytical-biographical essays . Vienna: Internat. Psychoanalytischer Verlag, 1935.
  • Psychogenic Spermatorrhea , 1938
  • Great men; psychoanalytic studies by Eduard Hitschmann . New York: International Universities Press, 1956
  • About the creation of the children's book by Selma Lagerlöf "Wonderful journey of Nils Holgersson with the wild geese". In: Winfred Kaminski, Klaus Ulrich Pech (eds.): Children's literature and psychoanalysis , 1982, pp. 86–93

literature

  • Hitschmann, Eduard. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 12: Hirs – Jaco. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-598-22692-2 , pp. 107-110.
  • Uwe Henrik Peters : Psychiatry in exile: the emigration of dynamic psychiatry from Germany 1933–1939 , Kupka, Düsseldorf 1992, ISBN 3-926567-04-X , p. 76 f.
  • Elke Mühlleitner: Biographical Lexicon of Psychoanalysis. The members of the Psychological Wednesday Society and the Vienna Psychoanalytical Association 1902–1938 . Tübingen: Edition Diskord, 1992, ISBN 3-89295-557-3 , pp. 149-151
  • Hitschmann, Eduard. In: Elisabeth Roudinesco ; Michel Plon: Dictionary of Psychoanalysis: Names, Countries, Works, Terms . Translation. Vienna: Springer, 2004, ISBN 3-211-83748-5 , pp. 411-412
  • Ralph Bollbach: Eduard Hitschmann: a life with psychoanalysis . Dissertation, Cologne 1981 [not used]

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Élisabeth Roudinesco, 2004, p. 412
  2. ^ List of harmful and undesirable literature, Leipzig 1938, p. 58 link
personal data
SURNAME Hitschmann, Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hitschmann, Edward
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-American psychoanalyst
DATE OF BIRTH July 28, 1871
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH July 31, 1957
Place of death Gloucester, Massachusetts