Joseph Eduard d'Alton

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Joseph Eduard d'Alton. Chalk drawing by Johann Joseph Schmeller

Joseph Wilhelm Eduard d'Alton (born August 11, 1772 in Aquileia , † May 11, 1840 in Bonn ) was an anatomist , archaeologist , engraver and art critic .

Life

Eduard d'Alton was born in Aquileia near Trieste and grew up in Vienna . He traveled to Italy , lived in Altona (1802/03) and at the invitation of Karl August von Sachsen-Weimar in Tiefurt (1809/10), where he met Goethe and Lorenz Oken . In July 1816, Alton came to Würzburg at the invitation of Christian Heinrich Pander . Alton and Ignaz Döllinger played a major role in the book Contributions to the History of the Development of the Chicken in the Eye .

Alton was appointed to the University of Bonn , founded in 1818, without a habilitation . In the fall of 1818 he took up his position as associate professor. One of his first lectures was in the winter semester of 1819/20 On the Age of Classical Art and Pericles , in relation to the Athenian acquisitions of Lord Elgin . His best-known students included Prince Albert von Sachsen-Coburg and his brother Ernst (1837) as well as Karl Marx in the lecture Art History of the Middle Ages to the Most Recent (winter semester 1835/36). On January 21, 1827 he was appointed "full professor of art history". D'Alton died in Bonn on May 11, 1840 after a two year sore throat. From 1818 he was a member of the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , from 1831 a member of the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin, Section for the Fine Arts.

family

There is no precise information about the parents of Joseph Eduard d'Alton. He is said to have had Irish ancestors. His father is said to have been a senior Austrian officer and both parents are said to have died around 1774. The names and dates of both parents are unknown.

D'Alton was married to Sophie Friederike Buch (* 1776; † 1852). She was the wife of Johann Jacob Casimir Buch (born September 17, 1778, † March 13, 1851 in Frankfurt am Main). When this marriage was divorced and when Sophie married Friederike D'Alton is not yet known. On July 17, 1803, Johann Samuel Eduard Buch was born in St. Goar . Johann Jacob Casimir Buch was given as the father, and d'Alton was given as one of the witnesses . Maria Friederike Buch was born on March 1, 1805 in Mainz and baptized on March 11, 1805 in Frankfurt am Main . Both times the father Johann Jacob Casimir Buch is given. Whether Joseph Eduard d'Alton was the biological father or the adoptive father of these two children cannot be proven with the documents. What is certain is that both children saw him as their father. In the encyclopedia articles Johann Samuel Eduard d'Alton is also referred to as his son.

Quotes

“Saturday, April 16, 1825. At Goethe's table with D'Alton, whose acquaintance I made last summer in Bonn and whom I was very happy to see again. D'Alton is quite a man in Goethe's sense; there is also a very nice relationship between the two. In his science he appears to be of great importance, so that Goethe holds his utterances worthwhile and heed each of his words. At the same time, D'Alton as a person is amiable, witty, and has a gift for speech and a wealth of well-flowing thoughts that he has few of his own and that one is not tired of listening to him. "

- Johann Peter Eckermann : Conversations with Goethe in the last years of his life 1823-1832 .

Works

  • Natural history of the horse. First part. The horse and its various races. With copper . In commission at the Landes-Industrie Comptoir, Weimar 1810 digitized
  • Horse anatomy. The natural history of the horse, second part, with copper . In commission at the Landes-Industrie Comptoir, Weimar 1816 digitized
  • Copper plates . In: Christian Heinrich Pander: Contributions to the history of the development of the chicken in the eye . Wuerzburg 1817
  • CH Pander and Ed. d 'Alton: Comparative Osteology . Eduard Weber, Bonn 1821-1838
    • The skeletons of the cetaceans pictured and described by Dr. E. D'Alton. Eduard Weber, Bonn 1827 digitized
  • (Ed.): Samuelis Thomae a Sömmering quatuor hominis adulti encephalum describentes tabulas, ut lectionnum in univ. Fredric.-Guilelm. therefore have licentiam nancisceretur comentar. illustration . Laue, Berlin 1830
  • About the fossil plant fragments brought with him by Mr. Sellow from the Banda oriental and the associated bone remains . Dümmler, Berlin 1835

Archives and letters

  • Handwritten curriculum vitae from June 30, 1831. Foundation Archive of the Academy of Arts, Berlin (SAdK). Existing Prussian Academy of the Arts (PrAdK). Personal News, Fine Arts A – E. No. 390
  • Alton to Friedrich Justin Bertuch September 8, 1811. University and State Library Bonn. Signature: S 1239
  • Alton to Carl Gustav Carus October 30, 1829. Saxon State Library - Dresden State and University Library. Signature: Mscr.Dresd.h.45, Bd.1, No.4
  • Alton to Adelbert von Chamisso . December 28, 1825. Berlin State Library / Manuscript Department. Signature Nachl. Adelbert von Chamisso, K. 26, No. 3
  • Alton to Johann Mathias Heberle March 30, 1824. University and State Library Bonn. Signature: S 2612 (2)
  • Alton to Karl Ludwig von Knebel January 12, 1811. Goethe Museum, Düsseldorf.
  • Alton to Sibylle Mertens-Schaaffhausen o. D. University and State Library Bonn. Signature: S 1239
  • Alton to Heinrich Meyer January 20, 1810. Free German Hochstift, Frankfurt am Main. Signature: 2825
  • Alton to Heinrich Eberhard Gottlob Paulus o. D. Heidelberg University Library Signature: Heid. Hs. 853.7
  • Alton to August Wilhelm von Schlegel May 15, 1839; May 17, 1839; May 31, 1840. Saxon State Library - Dresden State and University Library. Signature: Mscr.Dresd.e.90, XIX, Bd.1, Nr.9; No. 10; No. 11
  • Alton to August Wilhelm von Schlegel April 14, 1840. University and State Library Bonn. Digitized
  • Alton to the Secret Upper Government Councilor Joh. Schulze October 9, 1832. Goethe Museum, Düsseldorf. Call number: 3963
  • Alton to Amalie Henriette Caroline Voigt three letters 1814-1822. Goethe and Schiller Archive Weimar
  • Alton to Karl vom Stein zum Altenstein November 16, 1823. University and State Library Bonn. Signature S 1239
  • Alton to Rudolph Weigel December 10, 1833. University and State Library Bonn. Signature S 1239
  • Alton to Rudolph Weigel December 29, 1833. Bavarian State Library, Munich. Signature: Autogr. Alton, Eduard d '
  • Alton to K. Weiss. Seven letters 1835-1837. University and State Library Bonn. Signature S 1239
  • Alton to Goethe September 3, 1822 and October 4, 1826
  • Goethe (concept) to Alton November 19, 1820
  • Goethe to Alton December 28, 1820

literature

  • Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: The skeletons of rodents, pictured and compared by D'Alton . In: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Works. Hamburg edition . Vol 13. Scientific writings I . dtv, Munich 1998 ISBN 3-423-59038-6 , pp. 212-219 Review 1824
  • d'Alton, Eduard . In: Detlev Lorenz Lübker , Hans Schröder : Lexicon of Schleswig, Holstein-Lauenburg and Eutinian writers from 1796 to 1828 . Aue, Altona 1829, p. 720 digitized
  • The 11th in Bonn the full professor in the philosophical faculty Dr. Eduard d'Alton… . In: New Nekrolog der Deutschen . Eighteenth year, 1840. Second part, Weimar 1842, pp. 1371–1372
  • d'Alton, Eduard . In: Wigand's Conversations Lexicon for all stands . Volume 1, Otto Wigand, Leipzig 1846, p. 342 digitized
  • Alton, (Jos. Wilh. Eduard d ') in: Allgemeine Deutsche Real-Encyklopädie for the educated classes. Conversations-Lexikon , Volume 6. FA Brockhaus Verlag, Leipzig 1851, p. 365 f. Digitized
  • August Wilhelm von Schlegel : Directory of one of Eduard d'Alton, former professor of archeology and art history at the Königl. Rhenish Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, left behind painting collection. In addition to a preliminary reminder and detailed assessment of the three pictures in it . Carl Georgi, Bonn 1840 digitized
  • Jos. Wilh. Eduard d'A . In: Pierer's Universal Lexicon of the Past and Present or the latest encyclopedic dictionary of the sciences, arts and trades . Volume 1. Verlaghandlung AH Pierer, Altenburg 1857, p. 376 digitized
  • Franz Thomas Brantranek (Ed.): Goethe's Naturwissenschaftliche Correspondenz (1812-1832.) 2 vol., Leipzig 1874
  • Karl Theodor Gaedertz : Eduard d'Alton . In: Illustrated German monthly books . Braunschweig: Westermann, 1856-1857. Pp. 239-253
  • Ludwig von Urlichs :  d'Alton, Joseph Wilhelm Eduard . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 372 f.
  • Eduard d'Alton . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon. An encyclopedia of general knowledge . 4. Completely redesigned. 1st edition. A - Atlantids. Leipzig 1885, p. 427
  • Karl Theodor Gaedertz: Eduard d'Alton. A picture of life with unprinted letters from Goethe . Westermann, Braunschweig 1889
  • Alton, Eduard (Joseph Wilhelm Eduard) d ' . In: General Artist Lexicon. The visual artists of all times and peoples , Vol. 2, Leipzig 1907, pp. 442–443 further bibliographical information
  • Friedrich von Bezold : History of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität . Bonn 1920, p. 246
  • Goethe manual . Edited by Julius Zeitler. 3 vols. Stuttgart 1916 - 1918. 2nd completely new edition with the subtitle: Goethe, his world and time in work and effect . Edited by Alfred Zastrau. Vol. 1: Aachen - color theory . Stuttgart 1956-1961.
  • Otto Wenig (Ed.): D'Alton, Eduard . In: Directory of professors and lecturers at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn 1818-1968 . Bonn 1968, p. 3
  • Sabine Zwiener: Johann Samuel Eduard d'Alton (1803-1854). Life and work . Halle, 2003. (Dissertation Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, full text )
  • Christian Hecht: "Art history based on lectures by Prof. d'Alton" - The art history studies of Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Bonn (1837) . In: Franz Bosbach (ed.): The studies of Prince Albert at the University of Bonn (1837 - 1838) . De Gruyter, Berlin 2010, pp. 219–232

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ News about the life and writings of the privy councilor Dr. Karl Ernst von Baer . Schmitzdorff 1866, p. 197 f.
  2. ↑ "I came from an Irish family, because my parents had an accident on the trip, I was born on August 11, 1772 in Aquileja near Trieste but was raised in Vienna" (handwritten curriculum vitae by Alton).
  3. ↑ Quoted from: Richard Müller-Freienfels (Ed.): Johann Peter Eckermann. Conversations with Goethe in the last years of his life, 1823-1832 . Third volume. 1848. National Association of Book Friends. Wegweiser Verlag, Berlin undated, p. 70.
personal data
SURNAME Alton, Joseph Eduard d '
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Alton, Joseph Wilhelm Eduard d '(full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German anatomist, archaeologist and engraver
DATE OF BIRTH August 11, 1772
PLACE OF BIRTH Aquileia
DATE OF DEATH May 11, 1840
Place of death Bonn