Ignaz Döllinger

This article deals with the physician Ignaz Döllinger. For the theologian of the same name, see Ignaz von Döllinger (1799–1890).

Ignaz Döllinger, oil painting

Grave of Ignaz Döllinger in the old southern cemetery in Munich

Ignaz Döllinger (born May 24, 1770 in Bamberg , † January 14, 1841 in Munich ) was a German physician and professor of anatomy and physiology. He also worked as a florist and bryologist .

Ignaz Döllinger's father - Ignaz Döllinger sr. (1721–1800) - was a doctor from Hildesheim, who later practiced in Würzburg and from 1769 became professor of medicine and prince-bishop personal physician in Bamberg. Ignaz Döllinger's son Ignaz von Döllinger, the future priest and theologian Johann Joseph Ignaz von Döllinger , was born on February 28, 1799 in Bamberg.

Life

Döllinger began his studies in his hometown Bamberg, then continued in Würzburg, Vienna and Pavia. But then he returned to Bamberg for the time being. Important university teachers were Carl Caspar von Siebold in Würzburg and Antonio Scarpa in Pavia .

In 1787 he had first acquired his doctorate in philosophy in Bamberg. Shortly after his medical doctorate in 1794, he initially worked as a doctor for the poor in Bamberg. In the same year he became an associate professor for theoretical medicine, physiology and general pathology at the University of Bamberg . In 1803 he received a call for physiology and in 1804 for anatomy at the University of Würzburg as the successor to the city doctor, physiologist and natural philosopher Johann Joseph Dömling (1771-1803) .

In Würzburg, where he was the first specialist in comparative anatomy, his lively scientific activity brought him a number of students, such as Lorenz Oken , Christian Heinrich Pander and Karl Ernst von Baer . Johann Lukas Schönlein was Döllinger's doctoral candidate with his work on the comparative anatomy of the brain. The anatomist and artist Joseph Eduard d'Alton took part in Pander's developmental work in Würzburg by not only creating the copper plates for his work on the development of the chicken. Döllinger was also the doctoral supervisor of the later Japanese researcher Philipp Franz von Siebold , who as a student from 1817 lived temporarily in Döllinger's Würzburg apartment in the Rückermainhof (at today's Karmelitenstrasse 20).

In 1816 Döllinger was elected a member of the Leopoldina and was given the nickname "Eustachius I". In 1823 Döllinger accepted a professorship for anatomy and physiology at the medical school in Munich and in 1826 switched to anatomy at the university when it was moved from Landshut to Munich . From 1819 he was a corresponding and since 1823 a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich.

The grave of Döllinger, who died as a result of stomach cancer, is in the Old Southern Cemetery in Munich (Mauer Links Platz 241 at Gräberfeld 11; location ). His well-known son, the theologian Ignaz von Döllinger , whose bust adorns the tomb, also lies in this grave .

Scientific achievements

Döllinger had an extensive general education, was a master of anatomical technology and one of the first to recognize the importance of the microscope for medical research at the beginning of the 19th century and to train his students on the microscope. The importance of Döllinger lies in the services he has earned in embryology and comparative anatomy . It is based on his findings in all areas of morphology and physiology. He understood medicine as a natural science. His treatises on the blood circulation, the secretion processes and the first construction of the embryo are mentioned here as examples. Würzburg owes him the establishment of a zoological-physiological society and a flourishing of its medical faculty.

Fonts (selection)

• About the metamorphosis of the types of earth and stone from the row of pebbles . Erlangen 1803. Google Books
• Outline of the natural science of the human organism. For use in his lectures . Bamberg and Würzburg 1805. ( Google Books )
• Remarks on the distribution of the finest blood-vessels in the mobile parts of the animal body . J. Fr. Meckel's Archive, IV, p. 186
• What is segregation and how does it happen? An academic treatise . Würzburg 1819 Google Books
• Memoranda of the Munich Academy VII, p. 179
• Bloodstream . In Meckel's archive . II
• Contributions to the development history of the human brain . Frankfurt a. M. 1814. Google Books
• About the ray flakes in the human eye . Nova aeta Aca Döllinger Caes. Leop. nat. Curiosorum, IX, p. 268
• Illustratio ichnograpidca fabricae oculi humani . Wuerzburg 1817.

literature

• Philipp Franz von Walther: Speech in memory of Ignaz Döllinger Dr. In the public meeting of the royal family held on August 25, 1841 to celebrate the highest name and birthday of Sr. Majesty the King. Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Munich 1841 digitized
• Robert Herrlinger:  Döllinger, Ignaz. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 20 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Gudula Metze: Ignaz Christoph Döllinger . In: Jürgen Wurst, Alexander Langheiter (Ed.): Monachia . Munich: Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, 2005. P. 73. ISBN 3-88645-156-9 .
• Eckhard Struck: Ignaz Döllinger. A physiologist of Goethe's time and the thought of development in his life and work . Munich 1977.
• Carl von Voit :  Döllinger, Ignaz . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, pp. 315-318.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Robert Herrlinger:  Döllinger, Ignaz. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 20 f. ( Digitized version ).
2. ↑ Werner E. Gerabek : The physiology professor and city doctor for the poor Johann Joseph Dömling (1771-1803) - an almost forgotten pioneer of romantic medicine. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 22, 2003, pp. 21-29, here in particular pp. 26 f.
3. ↑ Henning Bärmig: The personal bibliographies of the professors who taught at the Medical Faculty of the Alma Mater Julia zu Würzburg from 1582 to 1803 with biographical information. Medical dissertation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 1969, p. 77
4. ↑ Philipp Franz von Walther 1841, p. 85 f.
5. ↑ Andreas Mettenleiter : An unknown letter from Philipp Franz von Siebold to his uncle Damian from January 1, 1821. In: Tempora mutantur et nos? Festschrift for Walter M. Brod on his 95th birthday. With contributions from friends, companions and contemporaries. Edited by Andreas Mettenleiter, Akamedon, Pfaffenhofen 2007 (= From Würzburg's City and University History , 2), ISBN 3-940072-01-X , p. 134 f.
6. ↑ Werner E. Gerabek: The Würzburg doctor and natural scientist Philipp Franz von Siebold. The founder of modern research on Japan. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 14, 1996, pp. 153-160; here: p. 153 f.
7. ↑ JDF Neigebaur : History of the Imperial Leopoldino-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists during the second century of its existence. Friedrich Frommann, Jena 1860
8. ↑ Henning Bärmig, p. 78
9. ^ Member entry by Ignaz Döllinger at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on January 27, 2017.