Antonio Scarpa

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Antonio Scarpa.

Antonio Scarpa (born May 19, 1752 in Motta di Livenza , † October 31, 1832 in Bosnasco / Province of Pavia ) was an Italian anatomist .

The son of a shipper studied medicine at the University of Padua from 1766 and at the same time worked as a secretary for his teacher Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1692–1771). In 1770 he received his doctorate and from 1772 he was a professor at the chair for anatomy and theoretical surgery at the University of Modena . An anatomical theater was set up there on his initiative and inaugurated in 1775. In 1780 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In the years 1781–1782 he went on a study trip to France and England. In Paris he made the personal acquaintance of Emperor Joseph II , who was traveling incognito as Count von Falkenstein. Joseph II promoted him afterwards and with his support he was appointed to the chair of anatomy in Pavia in 1784 , where he also opened a surgical clinic. With the emperor's financial support, he went on to study at the universities of Prague , Dresden , Leipzig , Berlin , Helmstedt and Göttingen . From 1786 he also worked as a surgeon at the military hospital in Modena.

In 1804 he retired, but continued to work as a surgeon and anatomist until 1812, when his eyesight had deteriorated significantly. In 1805 he was appointed first surgeon of Napoleon as King of Italy, and in 1808 he was appointed a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Since 1780 he was also an external member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences . In 1791 he was elected a member of the Royal Society . Since 1804 he was a corresponding and since 1817 external member ( associé étranger ) of the Académie des sciences .

His merit lies primarily in the development of surgical anatomy. In 1772 he described the complicated anatomical structure of the inner ear in a monograph. He also described, among other things, the nerve supply to the heart and middle ear. One of his main areas was the treatment of congenital clubfoot , which he first described in 1803.

The Scarpa triangle (Trigonum femorale) and the Scarpa ganglion ( Ganglion vestibulare ) are named after him.

His head was severed by his assistant after his death and is in the University Museum of Pavia.

Fonts

  • Observationes de structura fenestrae rotundae , Modena 1772 ( online )
  • Anatomicae disquisitiones de auditu et olfactu (Pavia 1789)
  • Tabulae neurologicae ad illustrandam historiam cardiacorum nervorum (Pavia 1794)
  • Memoria chirurgica sui piedi torti congenita dei fanciulli (Pavia 1803)
  • De anatome et pathologia ossium (Pavia 1827)
  • Sulle principali malattie degli occhi (5th edition, Pavia 1816, 2 vols.)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Barbara I, Tshisuaka: Scarpa, Antonio. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1288.
  2. ↑ Prof. Dr. Antonio Scarpa , members of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .
  3. ^ Members of the previous academies. Antonio Scarpa. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences , accessed on June 9, 2015 .
  4. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter S. Académie des sciences, accessed on February 27, 2020 (French).
  5. ^ Clifford Pickover, The Medical Book, Sterling Publ. 2012

literature

personal data
SURNAME Scarpa, Antonio
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian anatomist
DATE OF BIRTH May 19, 1752
PLACE OF BIRTH Motta di Livenza
DATE OF DEATH October 31, 1832
Place of death Bosnasco