Oaks (Schopfheim)
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Oak trees
City of Schopfheim
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| Height : | 399 m |
| Area : | 4.25 km² |
| Residents : | 631 (December 31, 2014) |
| Population density : | 148 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1975 |
| Postal code : | 79650 |
The village of Eichen (Alemannisch Eie ) in the southern Black Forest is now part of the town of Schopfheim . It is located on the north side of the Dinkelberg in the east of Schopfheim.
history
Like the main town, Eichen was first mentioned as Eihheim in 807 in a deed of donation to the St. Gallen monastery . Recent studies on this document come to the conclusion that it can be dated to the year 799. A Guntherus de Eicheim has come down to us for the year 1258 . In 1344 the Propstei Weitenau belonging to the monastery of St. Blasien owned a homestead here. Margrave Rudolf III. von Hachberg-Sausenberg obtained a feudal permit from the Dukes of Austria in 1372 to transfer the village of Eichen to his wife, Adelheid von Lichtenberg , as security for their dowry. From this it is concluded that the village came to the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg in 1315 as part of the Röttler inheritance. From 1503 Eichen belonged to the margraviate of Baden or, after the division of the estate, to the margravate of Baden-Durlach .
From 1809 the village was an independent municipality. On the occasion of the municipal territorial reform , it was incorporated into the city of Schopfheim on January 1, 1975. Oak is still dominated by agriculture today and, in contrast to the neighboring district of Wiechs , still has a village-like form of settlement.
coat of arms
In silver on a green shield base a green oak with silver acorns and a black trunk. The coat of arms that has been in effect since 1904 is a speaking coat of arms , as it alludes to the place name. The municipality, which has been independent since 1809, used the oak as a seal image. The General State Archives determined the design of the coat of arms and the coloring in 1904.
Culture and sights
Oak Lake
The Eichener See , a sinkhole that is temporarily filled with water, lies between oaks and the municipality of Hasel . Because of the occurrence of the gillfoot Tanymastix lacunae , which is unique in Germany , the Eichener See has been under nature protection since 1983 . This crab, about 2 cm long, has a whitish color and was discovered by two Swiss zoologists in Lake Eichen in 1911. It can only survive in the Eichener See because it forms permanent eggs that not only endure extensive dehydration, but also require a dry period before they can develop. A female can lay up to 17,000 eggs.
legend
Little men are said to live in a large underground palace. They are said to have decorated it entirely in crystal of radiant beauty and filled with gold and silver but also precious stones and nobody knows whether that means the helpful little sailors we know or other wretches. The legend tells that once an Eichener farmer promised his youngest daughter to be his wife to one of them in an extremely dry summer if the seaweights would always sufficiently irrigate his fields. These adhered to the agreement and the farmer's fields and meadows were gloriously green while those of his neighbors increasingly withered. The girl must have said yes to her father's contract a little lightly. Because in the meantime she had got to know and love a handsome fellow, and she would not let go of him anymore. Now she was afraid of having to spend her whole life with such a wretch deep down in the mountain in the crystal castle. She cried at night and thought of a way out and the closer the day her father had arranged, the more desperate she became. She probably knew she would not be able to escape the little men here. So she decided to leave home with her loved one, far away where the seaweights could no longer have any power. Last night the two met on the Eichener Höhe and said goodbye to their familiar home. Her lover had just said with a laugh that the wretches would look very stupid in the morning if they wanted to pick up their wages from the girl as it struck midnight on the Schopfheimer Michaelskirche and an eerie rustling began in the darkness and masses of water poured out from all sides. With a mighty thunder and flashing lightning, the hollow was full. The unfortunate clung to one another and before they could flee the lake collapsed over them and they drowned. The farmer's fields and mats were washed away so that only the bare rock remained and his harvest was destroyed. If the lake rises again from time to time, then the farmers in Eichen shy away from saying: These are the seaweights, the underground. They want to remind us again of the betrayal of that time.
Buildings
The Evangelical Church from the 1810s stands on the western edge of the village at the cemetery . In Hofackerweg there is a building with two and a half floors and an attached octagonal stair tower with an onion roof, which is also known as Eichen Castle.
societies
The sports community Eichen (SG Eichen) and the Gesangverein Eichen eV play a role in the social life of Eichen. The SG Eichen focuses on wrestling .
traffic
The federal road 317 bypasses the district of Eichen running in a north-south direction and touches it. The federal highway 518 leads from west to east, north past oaks, and overcomes the Eichener Höhe .
literature
- Friedrich Disch: Studies on the cultural geography of the Dinkelberg (= research on German regional studies. Vol. 192, ISSN 0375-6343 ). Federal Research Center for Regional Studies and Regional Planning, Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1971 (also: Basel, University, dissertation, 1967).
- Boris Bigott: Eichen (Schopfheim, FR). In: Alfons Zettler, Thomas Zotz : The castles in medieval Breisgau, II. Southern part: half volume AK . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-7366-5 , pp. 171-175
- Franz Xaver Kraus : The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden , Tübingen and Leipzig, 1901, fifth volume - Lörrach district; Pp. 177-179 online
- Carl Gustav Fecht: The Grand Duke. Baden districts Waldshut, Säckingen, Lörrach, Schopfheim. Gutsch, Lörrach and Waldshut 1859, pp. 462–465
- Gerhard Daub: Mrs. Luna's rabbit festival. Egg jumping in oaks by the lake. ISBN 978-3906129037
Web links
- District Eichen on the homepage of the city of Schopfheim; Retrieved July 2, 2016
- Regional information system for Baden-Württemberg (LeoBW): Oaks - archive material
- Homepage of the Eichener Egg Jumper
Individual evidence
- ^ Hermann Wartmann: Document book of the Abbey of Sanct Gallen. Part 1: 700-840. Höhr, Zurich 1863, pp. 186–187, certificate no. 196 .
- ↑ s. Bigott p. 173
- ↑ s. Bigott p. 173
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 522 .
- ↑ s. Harald Hubner: Wappenbuch Landkreis Lörrach. Konstanz 1984, p. 104
- ↑ s. Bigott p. 172
