Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpaceae
	Lantern Tree ( Crinodendron hookerianum )
Systematics
	Eudicotyledons
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
	Rosids
	Eurosiden I
Order :	Wood sorrel (Oxalidales)
Family :	Elaeocarpaceae
Scientific name
	Elaeocarpaceae
	Yuss. ex DC.

The Elaeocarpaceae are a family in the order of the wood sorrel (Oxalidales) within the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida).

description

Illustration of the ericoid shrub Tetratheca pilosa

Most of the species are evergreen and lignified: shrubs or trees ; some species are ericoid shrubs; rarely herbaceous plants . The leaves are usually alternate and spiral, sometimes opposite or arranged in whorls ( Tetratheca ). In some species, the petiole is swollen. The simple leaf blades turn an intense red or orange, rarely yellow when they die. In some species, the leaves are reduced to scales. The leaf margins are often serrated or serrated, rarely almost smooth. The stipules are small.

The flowers stand together individually or in lateral, zymose , paniculate or often racemose inflorescences . The often pendulous, radial symmetry flowers are mostly hermaphroditic, four or five-fold (rarely nine-fold). Most of the four or five sepals are free or at most fused at their base. If there are four or five petals , then they are usually free or rarely at most fused at their base. The mostly free 8 to 100 stamens are centrifugally created and arise on a more or less enlarged disc or the flower base (receptacle). The anthers are usually much longer than the stamens. Usually two to ten or more carpels have become a top permanent ovary connate, rarely only one carpel is present. Each flower has a stylus with one, usually two to ten stigmas, corresponding to the number of carpels.

The fruits are mostly capsule fruits with or without spines, stone fruits , rarely berries . In species with capsule fruits, the seeds are hairy.

Occurrence

Most species grow in the tropics and subtropics , some species in the temperate latitudes. There are species in Madagascar , Southeast Asia , the Malay Archipelago , eastern Australia , New Zealand , the Caribbean Islands, and Chile .

Fruits of Aristotelia chilensis

Opening fruit of Crinodendron hookerianum

Elaeocarpus grandis , blue drupes and colored leaves

Branch with fruits of Sloanea grandiflora

Systematics

The Elaeocarpaceae family was established in 1816 by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle : Essai sur les Propriétés Médicales des Plantes , p. 87. Type genus is Elaeocarpus L. Synonyms for Elaeocarpaceae Juss. ex DC. are: Aristoteliaceae Dum. , Tetrathecaceae R.Br. , Tremandraceae R.Br. ex DC.

In the Elaeocarpaceae family there are (nine to) twelve genera with about 605 species:

Aceratium DC. : With about five species in Australia , New Zealand , Chile and Peru .
Aristotelia L'Her. : With about eight species.
- Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) stuntz
- Aristotelia serrata (JRForst. & G.Forst.) WRBOliv.
Crinodendron Molina : With about four species.
Dubouzetia Pancher ex Brongn. & Gris : With around eleven species.
Elaeocarpus L .: With about 350 species in Madagascar , India to Japan and Southeast Asia , Australasia , in the southwest Pacific region and Hawaii .
Peripentadenia L.S.Sm. : With maybe only the Australian Peripentadenia phelpsii B. Hyland & Coode
Platytheca Steetz : With about six species.
Sericolea Schltr. : With about 18 species
- Sericolea micans Schltr.
Sloanea L .: With about 150 species mainly in Asia and the New World , only five species in Australia.
- Sloanea caribaea Jug & Urb. ex Duss : From northern South America
Tetratheca Sm .: The 20 or so species are widespread only in Australia.

Tremandra R.Br. ex DC. : With about two types.

Vallea Mutis ex Lf : With about two species.

use

The fruits of some species are eaten raw or dried. There are also medical uses.

photos

Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. Ellipticus :

Habitus
Trunk and bark
Inflorescence, the petals are fringed
Unripe fruits and leaves

Tetratheca thymifolia , an ericoid shrub

swell

The Elaeocarpaceae family on the AP website. (Section description and systematics)
The Elaeocarpaceae family at DELTA - Families of flowering Plants by L. Watson & MJ Dallwitz. (Section description)
Ya Tang & Chamlong Phengklai: Elaeocarpaceae in the Flora of China , Volume 12, 2007, p. 223: Online. (Section description and systematics)
GJ Harden: Elaeocarpaceae in the Flora of New South Wales : Online. (Section description and systematics)

Individual evidence

↑ Entry in Tropicos .
^ ^A ^b Elaeocarpaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
↑ Types at Plants of A Future .

Web links

Commons : Elaeocarpaceae - collection of images, videos and audio files

[tropicos-1] Entry in Tropicos .

[GRIN-2] A ^b Elaeocarpaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

[PFAF-3] Types at Plants of A Future .