Elmira Nəzirova

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Elmira Nəzirova ( Azerbaijani Elmira Mirzərza Qizi Nəzirova; Russian Эльмира Мирза Рза кызы Назирова , Elmira Mirza Rsa kysy Nasirowa;. Scientific transliteration Ėl'mira Mirza Rza Kyzy Nazirova ; *  the 30th November 1928 in Baku , Soviet Union ; †  23. January 2014 in Haifa , Israel ) was an Azerbaijani composer and pianist .

Life

The daughter of a pianist and a doctor, she grew up in a family with Azerbaijani-Georgian-Jewish roots. At the age of 10 she made her debut as a pianist with the Baku Philharmonic under Nikolai Anosow, at 12 she began to compose, at 14 she became a member of the Azerbaijani Composers Association. She attended the Baku Music School, a preliminary stage to the city's conservatory. She had another highly acclaimed appearance in 1944 at a festival in Tbilisi , when she presented a series of piano preludes that she had composed herself in front of Reinhold Glière . Üzeyir Hacıbəyov , one of the pioneers of classical music in Azerbaijan, recommended her to the Moscow Conservatory .

There she studied piano with Jakow Sak and composition with Dmitri Shostakovich in 1947/48 , before he was reprimanded and dismissed in 1948 in the course of the party campaign against alleged formalists . She then had to return to Baku, where she continued her studies at the Music Academy - in 1950 she graduated in piano with Georgi Sharoyev, in 1954 in composition with Boris Zeidman. From 1951 she taught herself at the music academy. Her former teacher Shostakovich continued to encourage her. In 1953, while working on his 10th symphony , an intensive correspondence developed with her, and he immortalized her name in the third movement of the symphony (see section "Correspondence").

In the 1950s and 1960s, Elmira Nəzirova toured as a pianist with well-known conductors such as Knyaz Hacıbəyov , Abram Stassewitsch, Leo Ginsburg, Robert Satanowski and Natan Rachlin to Georgia , Poland (1958), the CSSR (1963), Iraq and beyond Egypt (1963). She also enjoyed further success as a composer, above all with her piano concerto on Arabic themes (1957). In 1971 she took over a professorship at the Baku Music Academy, and in 1972 she was also head of the piano department. Her students included u. a. the jazz pianist David Gazarov .

In 1990 she moved to Israel. There she lived in Haifa, continued her work as a piano teacher and was active in the Azerbaijani-Israeli initiative AsIs .

style

She composed orchestral works, concerts, chamber music and piano works. In her musical language she combined elements from Azerbaijani folk music, including forms of mugham , with influences from the Russian piano school in the tradition of Rachmaninoff and Scriabin .

Personal

From 1948 she was married to the later psychiatry professor Miron Fel. Her son Elmar Mironowitsch Fel also became a composer, her grandson Teymur Phell a jazz musician.

Correspondence with Shostakovich

From April to December 1953, while working on the 10th symphony up to its premiere, Shostakovich entered into intensive correspondence with Nəzirova, who then broke off again. In the third movement of the symphony ( Allegretto ) he used not only his initials DSCH but also her name. The Elmira motif EAEDA resulted from the pitches E-La-MI-Re-A . It sounds in the horn and has similarities with the death motif from Mahler's Song of the Earth . Shostakovich, it is said in some representations, was looking for a source of inspiration at that time, a kind of muse. Research also interprets the mostly unanswered letters as evidence of a "temporary obsession", an "unrequited affection", an "idée fixe". For almost four decades, the character of the horn motif in the Allegretto - as an encrypted musical dedication - remained a secret. It was not until 1990, shortly before she left for Israel, that Nəzirova revealed the background.

Works (selection)

  • Romance for cello and piano (1940)
  • Twelve Preludes for piano (1944)
  • Five Preludes for piano (1947)
  • Sonata for violin and piano (1952)
  • Sonata for cello and piano (1952)
  • Four Studies for Piano (1953)
  • Variations for piano (1953)
  • Overture for orchestra (1953)
  • String Quartet (1953)
  • Concerto No. 1 for piano and orchestra (1954)
  • Sonatina for piano (1954)
  • Suite for two pianos on Albanian themes (1955), with Fikrət Əmirov
  • Azerbaijani folk songs for piano (1955, 1962, 1963)
  • Concerto No. 2 for piano and orchestra on Arabic themes (1957), with Fikrət Əmirov
  • Five Children's Songs (1957)
  • Elegy for violin and piano (1958)
  • Concerto No. 3 for piano and youth orchestra (1968)
  • Sonata-Poema for piano (1969)

literature

  • Nelly Kravetz: Revelations - The Tenth Symphony . A lecture in the series "Shostakovich - the Man and his Music", Michigan University, January 1994. In: DSCH Journal . No. 1 , 1994, ZDB -ID 2011964-1 , p. 24-25 (English).
  • Nelly Kravetz: Beseda Nelly Kravetz s Elmiroi Nazirovoi . In: Ljudmila Kovnackaja (ed.): DD Šostakovič: sbornik statej k 90-letiju so dnja roždenija . Kompozitor, St. Petersburg 1996, ISBN 5-7379-0027-4 , p. 236–248 (Russian, report of a congress in 1994).
  • Nelly Kravetz: A New Insight into the Tenth Symphony of Dmitry Shostakovich . In: Rosamund Bartlett (Ed.): Shostakovich in Context . Oxford University Press, Oxford 2000, ISBN 0-19-816666-4 , pp. 159-174 (English).
  • Aida Huseynova: The Heart of the Tenth Symphony . In: DSCH Journal . No. 17 , July 2002, ZDB -ID 2011964-1 , p. 38–40 (English, dschjournal.com [PDF; accessed November 14, 2018]).
  • Aida Huseinova: Shostakovich's Tenth Symphony: The Azerbaijani Link - Elmira Nazirova . In: Azerbaijan International . tape 11 , no. 1 , 2003, ISSN  1075-086X , p. 54–59 (English, azer.com [accessed November 12, 2018]).

Web links

annotation

  1. ↑ The sources available do not give an exact place of death in Israel. When asked, the grandson Teymour Phell confirmed that it was Haifa.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Nelly Kravetz: Beseda Nelly Kravetz c Elmiroi Nazirovoi . In: Ljudmila Kovnackaja (ed.): DD Šostakovič: sbornik statej k 90-letiju so dnja roždenija . Kompozitor, St. Petersburg 1996, ISBN 5-7379-0027-4 , p. 236–248 (Russian, report of a congress in 1994).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h Aida Huseynova: The Heart of the Tenth Symphony . In: DSCH Journal . No. 17 , July 2002, p. 38–40 (English, dschjournal.com [PDF; accessed November 14, 2018]).
  3. ↑ a b c d Noam Ben-Zeev: Shostakovich's Muse. In: Haaretz . April 2, 2007, accessed November 14, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b Detailed article on the life and work of Tarlan Seidov (Russian)
  5. ↑ a b Short CV and selection of works on dic.academic.ru (Russian)
  6. ↑ David Gazarov , a student of Elmira Nəzirova (English)
  7. ↑ Piotr Lyukimson: In memory of Elmira Nazirova. In: Vestnik Kavkaza. January 24, 2014, accessed November 14, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Short biography at music-dic.ru (Russian)
  9. ↑ Elmar Fel in the Internet Movie Database (English)
  10. ↑ Teymur Phell , website (English)
  11. ↑ Obituary on trend.az (Russian)
  12. ↑ Detailed curriculum vitae on the composer's 85th birthday in 2013 by Marjam Jusifowa (Russian)
  13. ↑ About the Elmira motif of the 10th Symphony - Article by Peter Laki on kennedycenter.org (English)
  14. ↑ Elizabeth Wilson: Shostakovich: A Life Remembered . Faber and Faber, London 1994, ISBN 0-571-15393-3 (English).
  15. ↑ Ulla Zierau: SWR2 music lesson: Encrypted messages - love things. In: SWR 2 . March 3, 2017, accessed November 14, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Nəzirova, Elmira
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nəzirova, Elmira Mirzərza qızı (Azerbaijani); Назирова, Эльмира Мирза Рза кызы (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet composer of Azerbaijani-Georgian-Jewish origin
DATE OF BIRTH November 30, 1928
PLACE OF BIRTH Baku , Soviet Union
DATE OF DEATH 23rd January 2014
Place of death Haifa , Israel