Strawberry cinquefoil

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Strawberry cinquefoil
Strawberry cinquefoil (Potentilla sterilis)

Strawberry cinquefoil ( Potentilla sterilis )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Rosoideae
Genre : Finger herbs ( potentilla )
Type : Strawberry cinquefoil
Scientific name
Potentilla sterilis
( L. ) Garcke

The strawberry cinquefoil ( Potentilla sterilis (L.) Garcke ; Syn .: Potentilla fragariastrum Pers. ) Is a species of cinquefoil ( Potentilla ) within the rose family (Rosaceae). It is widespread in Europe.

description

illustration
Strawberry cinquefoil ( Potentilla sterilis ), herbarium specimen
Fingered leaves
Five-fold, radial symmetry flowers

Appearance and leaf

The strawberry cinquefoil grows as a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant . The rhizome is covered by the brown remains of the old petioles. With a length of 5 to 10 centimeters, it drives relatively short, almost fleshy, above-ground runners . The stem is prostrate to ascending, 5 to 15 centimeters long, hairy protruding like the leaf stalks and has at least one stem leaf. The basal leaves are about 5 to 10 centimeters long and stalked and have a three-part fingered, gray-green blade. The middle leaflet is almost sessile or with a short stalk, wide, obovate, 1 to 4 centimeters long and provided with four to eight teeth on both sides, the central tooth is much smaller. The lateral leaflets are strongly asymmetrical.

Flower and fruit

The very early flowering period extends from (February to) March to May. There are only one to three long-stalked flowers per stem. The hermaphrodite flowers are radially symmetrical and five-fold. The petals are hardly longer than the pointed sepals, which, after the anthesis , incline over the fruit cap. The five free, white petals are 5 to 6 millimeters long and wrong heart-shaped and do not touch. The fruits have an elaiosome .

The species has chromosome number 2n = 28.

ecology

The strawberry cinquefoil is a mesomorphic hemicryptophyte . The vegetative reproduction occurs through runners .

The strawberry cinquefoil is by no means sterile; in contrast to the strawberry, only the fleshy flower and fruit base is missing. The flowers are feminine . The pollination is done by insects . After the anthesis, the stem slackens.

The diaspores are subject to the spread of ants, for example by the red wood ant ( Formica rufa ). In addition, the fruits are also self-sown . The fruit ripens from June to October.

Potentilla sterilis ( growing out of a wall joint )

Occurrence

Potentilla sterilis is a subatlantic floral element . Potentilla sterilis is widespread in temperate western and central Europe . It comes from northern Spain in the Pyrenees in the west to eastern Germany , with very scattered individual occurrences in Poland and Belarus , in the north in Scandinavia with the exception of southernmost Sweden, in the south from south of the Alps through northern Italy, northern former Yugoslavia to Hungary, with some Occurs as far as Macedonia .

The strawberry cinquefoil is widespread in the middle and southwest of Germany and mostly common, in the north, east and south it is only scattered or rarely occurring; for the most part it is completely absent there.

Potentilla sterilis thrives best on moderately dry to fresh, often slightly decalcified, sandy to loamy soils . Potentilla sterilis is mainly found in mixed oak forests, pine and spruce forests, bushes, in corridors and fringes at forest edges and in poor meadows. The strawberry cinquefoil is a partial shade tolerant, somewhat heat-loving plant. It is a Carpinion association character, but occurs at higher altitudes in societies of the associations Pruno-Rubion, Trifolion medii or the order Arrhenatheretalia.

The species only rises in the German Alps up to a height of 1500 m on the Zweifelsgehren-Alpe am Grünten in the Allgäu.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Strawberry cinquefoil. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  4. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 75.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Web links

Commons : Strawberry cinquefoil ( Potentilla sterilis )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files