Erla (Schwarzenberg)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Erla
Coordinates: 50 ° 31 ′ 0 ″  N , 12 ° 47 ′ 5 ″  E
Residents : 579  (May 9, 2011)
Incorporation : January 1, 1999
Postal code : 08340
Area code : 03774
Erla (Saxony)
Erla

Location of Erla in Saxony

Erla is a district of the town of Schwarzenberg in the Saxon Ore Mountains . It emerged from the settlement of a hammer forge ( iron hammer ).

geography

Erla lies in the valley of the Schwarzwasser south of Schwarzenberg. To the south, the district of Crandorf joins on a steep slope .

history

View from Bermsgrün: site of the ironworks (in the foreground on the left), opposite the Hammerherrenhof with the manor house.
The Nestler and Breitfeldsche Maschinenfabrik in Erla around 1840, on the right the villa of John Payn

The place Erla was first mentioned in 1380 when the Hamer in the Erel was given to a certain Kunz von Ortband as a fief together with the Hope zu Crandorff . The creation of the later Erla ironworks can be set in the middle of the 13th century and was favored by the rich iron ore deposits and several mines on the neighboring Rothenberg , which were operated until the beginning of the 20th century. The name of the place probably goes back to the rich alder trees in its area. In 1517 the hammer mill passed from the possession of the Schwarzenberg castle lord Georg Wilhelm von Tettau to Oswald Flemming. In the 19th century, hammer smiths, hammer boys, carpenters and charcoal burners were employed in two plants. The modernization of the ironworks was followed in 1883 by the opening of the Johanngeorgenstadt – Schwarzenberg line ( Erla stop ) of the Royal Saxon State Railway . It enabled an improved delivery of raw materials and the dispatch of products. The manufacturers had now specialized in machines for the paper industry, headed by Nestler  &  Breitfeld , founded in 1837 .

In 1925, the municipality of Crandorf and the Erla manor district were combined to form the new "municipality of Erla". The common name Erla-Crandorf has been preserved to this day. After the political change and the associated restructuring, Erla was incorporated into Schwarzenberg on January 1, 1999.

After the end of the Second World War , the factories became public property through expropriation. The operation became the VEB iron Erla and produced until the 1990s -years cylinders for automotive engines. The German reunification led to the privatization of the plant, which has been active on the market as Eisenwerk Erla since 1994 .

Development of the population

year population
1551 1 man possessed , 5 residents
1820 15 cottagers
1834 139
1871 239
year population
1890 218
1910 316
1925 1 1669
1939 1 1682
year population
1946 1 1664
1950 1 2642
1964 1 2340
1990 1 1521
1 with Crandorf

Attractions

Herrenhof Erla (2018)
Inn to the ironworks

Manor house with manor house

The three-winged mansion with a wide car entrance on Karlsbader Strasse was built in its current form, probably in the second half of the 17th century. The half-timbered structure on the upper floor dates from the first third of the 19th century and has decorative struts that are distributed across the facade and leaned in pairs on the stands. The hipped roof, which is covered with dormer windows, is provided on the east wing with a roof bay window and a graceful roof turret with a clock and lantern.

The manor house built around 1860 as a simple, two-storey plastered building forms the western end of the courtyard. The interior, especially the cast iron railing in the stairwell and the stucco ceilings and overhangs in the former ballroom, was designed in the style of late classicism. The building has been a listed building since the 1960s . The folklorist Götz Altmann and his family were awarded the Federal Prize for Handicrafts in Monument Preservation by the German Foundation for Monument Protection in 2006 for the “ great commitment and extremely sensitive handling of the important monument substance ” during the restoration of the Hammerherrenhaus .

Park, houses, inn

Winter linden, red beech, mountain elm and copper beech grow in a small park between historic half-timbered houses, some of which are protected. The name of the inn 'Zur Eisenhütte' on Karlsbader Straße is reminiscent of the local mining era. The building was erected in 1889 together with several farm buildings. At times it was the clubhouse of the full moon civil society founded in 1847 and is now privately operated. Further up the river, to the left of the Schwarzwassers, is an arched villa built in 1837 for the British engineer John Payn. The five-axis, two-storey plastered building with a square ground floor has a flat hipped roof and differentiated window frames with straight roofs.

Mining educational trail

A two-kilometer-long educational trail with 16 information boards leads from Erla over the Rote Berg to the Upper Bergschmiede. In addition to the numerous dumps, a powder tower built in 1827 is a reminder of the former ore mining.

traffic

Erla stop (2016)

Erla has a stop on the Johanngeorgenstadt – Schwarzenberg railway , which is served by the DB Erzgebirgsbahn . The road from Schwarzenberg to Johanngeorgenstadt ("Karlsbader Straße") runs through the village in the valley of the Schwarzwasser.

Personalities

Persons connected to Erla

  • Carl Gotthilf Nestler (1789–1864), entrepreneur and politician, member of the state parliament, co-owner of the Nestler & Breitfeld company
  • Eduard Wilhelm Breitfeld (1803–1873), entrepreneur and politician, member of the state parliament, co-owner of the Nestler & Breitfeld company
  • Guido Breitfeld (1831–1894), entrepreneur and politician, member of the state parliament, co-owner of the Nestler & Breitfeld company
  • Ernst Schneller (1890–1944), teacher, member of the Reichstag and member of the Saxon state parliament for the KPD, founded a local group of the KPD in Erla in 1920
  • Kurt Beck (1909–1983), worker photographer and mayor
  • Manfred Blechschmidt (1923–2015), writer
  • Götz Altmann (* 1940), folklorist

literature

  • About Aue, Schwarzenberg and Johanngeorgenstadt (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 20). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1972, pp. 131–135.

Web links

Commons : Erla  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Small-scale municipality sheet for Schwarzenberg / Erzgeb., City. (PDF; 0.69 MB) State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , September 2014, accessed on January 31, 2015 .
  2. ^ Siegfried Sieber: To Aue, Schwarzenberg and Johanngeorgenstadt. Results of the local history inventory. Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1974. S. 134ff: Erla
  3. ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
  4. ↑ See Erla in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  5. ↑ Federal Prize for Crafts in Monument Preservation is awarded in Leipzig ( Memento from January 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Federal Prize for Crafts in Monument Preservation awarded in Saxony ( Memento from April 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Extensive report on the 'Zur Eisenhütte' inn; Retrieved on December 7, 2010 ( Memento of the original from February 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.berlinerfresse.de
  8. ^ Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German Art Monuments Saxony : II. Administrative districts Leipzig and Chemnitz. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1998, p. 230
  9. ↑ The St. Johannes Fundgrube and Powder Tower on the homepage of the Ore Mountains Mining Region ( Memento of the original from December 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / monte.hrz.tu-freiberg.de