Ernst von Leyden

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ernst Viktor von Leyden on a photograph by Nicola Perscheid
Bust on the premises of the Charité in Berlin-Mitte

Ernst Viktor von Leyden (born April 20, 1832 in Danzig ; † October 5, 1910 in Berlin ) was a German internist and university professor .

Life

After studying medicine from 1849 to 1853 at the Medicinisch-Surgical Friedrich Wilhelm Institute in Berlin, he was promoted to Dr. med. PhD . He was assigned to the clinic of Johann Lukas Schönlein , where he was strongly influenced by Ludwig Traube . After the state examination in 1854 he was a military doctor in Düsseldorf , Königsberg and Gumbinnen . After his physics examination in 1859 and his recall ( medical officer ), he became an assistant in the Traubes Clinic in Berlin. The habilitation for internal medicine took place in 1864. After participating inDuring the German-Danish War he retired from military service and Leyden was appointed professor of medicine and director of the internal clinic in Königsberg in 1865 as the successor to Georg Hirsch (1799–1885). At the Albertus University in Königsberg he worked with Otto Spiegelberg (1830–1881) and Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen (1833–1910). In 1871/72 he was Vice Rector of the Albertina . From 1872 to 1876 he taught as a full professor at the University of Strasbourg . In 1874 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1898 he became a corresponding member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris. In 1899 he became a member of the board of directors of the German Association for Public Hygiene, which was founded in Berlin that year . In 1905 he received the Cothenius Medal of the Leopoldina.

Von Leyden was a Freemason and from 1867 to 1871 a member of the Königsberg lodge Zum Todtenkopf and Phoenix .

In 1876 he moved to Berlin as a professor, where he succeeded Traube as head of the 2nd Medical Clinic. From 1885 to 1907 he was the successor to Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs director of the 1st Medical Clinic of the Charité . In 1903, Leyden founded the first cancer research institute on the Charité premises. He worked in the fields of pathology of the heart, lungs, kidneys and nervous system. Other areas of work were dietetics, social hygiene and tuberculosis and cancer treatment .

Ernst von Leyden 1891

Leyden encouraged collective research on influenza, tuberculosis and cancer. Due to the success of this research, he increasingly wanted to help the poor by setting up sanctuaries (sanatorium movement). In 1895 the German Central Association for the establishment of sanatoriums for lung patients was founded, which was able to achieve a significant decrease in tuberculosis mortality.

Ernst von Leyden was married to Jenny, daughter of the city judge Schröder in Gumbinnen , who died in 1864. In 1868 Leyden married Marie, also called Rie (1844–1932), from the R. Oppenheim & Sohn banking house . She was a daughter of the banker Rudolph Oppenheim (1811–1871) and sister of the banker and art collector Benoit Oppenheim . Marie von Leyden was together with Helene Lange chairman of the association founded in 1899 to organize high school courses for women and first chairman of the Berlin women's club , which in 1906 had around 400 members.

tomb

His honor grave is located on Friedrichswerder's churchyard I in Berlin-Kreuzberg , as well as the grave of his second wife. In Berlin-Steglitz , Leydenallee bears his name. In 1913 the sculptor Eugen Boermel made a bust of the doctor, which was placed in front of the I and II Medical Clinic in Schumannstrasse. In medicine, the Charcot-Leyden crystal, Westphal-Leyden ataxia and Leyden neuritis are named after him. Streets in Wiesbaden and Dormagen are named after him.

Works

  • The gray degeneration of the posterior cords of the spinal cord. 1863.
  • Clinic of Spinal Cord Diseases. 1874-1876.
  • with Alfred Goldscheider (1858–1935): The diseases of the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata. (= Handbook of Special Pathology and Therapy. Vol. 10). Vienna 1897.
  • Nutritional Therapy Manual. 1897-1899.
  • with Felix Klemperer : The German Clinic at the Entrance of the Twentieth Century in Academic Lectures. Berlin / Vienna 1903–1907.
  • Life memories. Stuttgart / Leipzig 1910.

literature

Web links

Commons : Ernst von Leyden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter L. Académie des sciences, accessed on January 13, 2020 (French).
  2. ↑ Ulf-Norbert Funke: Life and work of Karl August Lingner: Lingner's path from shop assistant to large industrialist. Diplomica, Hamburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-8428-7771-9 , p. 29. (books.google.com)
  3. ↑ Otto Hieber : History of the United Johannis Lodge to Todtenkopf and Phoenix zu Königsberg i. Pr. Self-published, Königsberg 1897.
  4. ↑ Portrait of Mrs. Marie von Leyden: Marie von Leyden 85 years old, 1929 , in the digitized collection of the Berlin State Library
  5. ^ History of high school courses for women in Berlin, W. Moeser Buchdruckerei, Berlin, 1906, p. 55.
  6. ↑ Maria von Leyden: Clubs and Clubhouses. In: Ada Schmidt-Beil: The culture of women. A life symphony of the wife of the XX. Century. Verlag für Kultur u. Wiss., Berlin-Frohnau 1931, pp. 504-506.
personal data
SURNAME Leyden, Ernst von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Leyden, Ernst Viktor von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medic
DATE OF BIRTH April 20, 1832
PLACE OF BIRTH Danzig
DATE OF DEATH October 5, 1910
Place of death Berlin