Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen

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Friedrich von Recklinghausen

Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen (born December 2, 1833 in Gütersloh , † August 25, 1910 in Strasbourg ) was a German pathologist. Von Recklinghausen's disease ( neurofibromatosis type 1 ) is named after him.

Life

Von Recklinghausen was born as the son of elementary school teacher and sexton Friedrich Christoph von Recklinghausen (1805–1849) and Friederike Charlotte. Zumwinkel , born. His father came from an old patrician family who had repeatedly provided councilors and two mayors in Rheda . His mother died shortly after he was born. Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen first attended the elementary school in Gütersloh, where his father also taught (today a building of the Gütersloh City Museum , a plaque commemorates the famous student), then the Ratsgymnasium Bielefeld , where he graduated from high school in 1852 . From 1852 to 1855 he studied medicine at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität , where he joined the Alemannia Bonn fraternity . He moved to the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg and the Friedrich Wilhelms University of Berlin . On August 28, 1855, he was only 22 years old and received his doctorate in medicine. In 1856 he joined the Prussian Army as a one-year volunteer doctor . From 1858 to 1864, Recklinghausen worked as an assistant at the Pathological Institute in Berlin, where he was one of Rudolf Virchow's first students to conduct special pathological-anatomical studies.

Koenigsberg

Barely 32 years old, Recklinghausen was already a full professor of pathological anatomy; A habilitation was unnecessary due to his scientific reputation. In 1865 he followed his first call as full professor for pathological anatomy at the Albertus University in Königsberg . The subject of his inaugural address was “De corporibus liberis articulorum”. In Königsberg he met his future wife Marie Jacobson (1846-1918), the daughter of the Jewish doctor Jacob Jacobson from Braunsberg in East Prussia. In 1867 the first of his five children was born, his son Heinrich Jacob von Recklinghausen . He later made a name for himself as a doctor, blood pressure researcher and philosopher.

Wurzburg

From the winter semester 1865/1866 to the summer semester 1872 von Recklinghausen was a professor at the University of Würzburg, where he deepened his research on pyaemia. Emil Ponfick served as his assistant there . Like his predecessor, August Förster , von Recklinghausen also taught medical history there.

Strasbourg

Grave in Robertsau

On April 20, 1872, Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen moved to the newly founded Kaiser Wilhelm University in the realm of Alsace-Lorraine . In 1875/76 and 1897 he was dean of the medical faculty. For the academic year 1883/84 he was elected rector of the university. In his rector's speech he dealt with medical teaching: About the historical development of medical teaching, its preconditions and its task . After his retirement in 1906, he was still working on a comprehensive monograph on rickets and osteomalacia , which was completed in the year he died. In 1884 Recklinghausen was one of the founders of the German Society for Pathology . With Bernhard Naunyn he was editor of the Naunyn-Schmiedebergs archive . He is buried next to his wife in the Saint-Louis cemetery in Robertsau . The gravestone bears the inscription:

PROFESSOR OF PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY,
PROVEN AS
A RESEARCHER AND AS A TEACHER, TRUE AND DEDICATED - A WHOLE MAN

research

In Recklinghausen's bibliography there are numerous aphoristic contributions and scientific lectures whose written fixation is missing or whose meaning can only be assessed on the basis of comments. The description of the ostitis fibrosa cystica named after him is particularly noteworthy among his varied works. Von Recklinghausen initially dealt with hemochromatosis and introduced this technical term into medicine. In 1862 he showed that connective tissue spaces are drained by lymph vessels and that amoeboid cells ( tissue macrophages ) occur in them, which he correctly assigned to leukocytes . He founded the method of silver staining to detect cell connections . Von Recklinghausen, Julius Friedrich Cohnheim (1839–1884) and Elie Metschnikoff (1845–1916) laid the foundations for a modern theory of inflammation in leukocyte migration . During his studies in Würzburg, von Recklinghausen was able to demonstrate for the first time the importance of bacterial infiltrates pyemia in blood vessels. Recklinghausen's pathological-anatomical way of thinking still arises from Virchow's strictly cellular pathological ideas. The humoral pathological or functional thinking that characterizes the work of Cohnheim and Metschnikoff is still alien to Recklinghausen. Nevertheless, he is the man who dares to take the first step in this direction and whose study of inflammatory cell changes leads to the significant discovery of wandering cells. In Strasbourg, he mainly dealt with the pathology of the cardiovascular system . In 1881 he wrote the classic article on neurofibromatosis , which is named after him.

Honors

Incomplete list

Fonts

  • The lymph vessels and their relationship to connective tissue (1862)
  • Photomicrographs based on pathological-anatomical specimens (1878)
  • The multiple fibromas of the skin and their relationship to the multiple neuromas (1881)
  • Handbook of general pathology of the circulatory system and nutrition (1883)
  • Investigations into spina bifida (1886)
  • Fibrous or deforming ostitis, osteomalacia, and osteoplastic carcinosis in their mutual relations (1891)
  • Adenomyomas and cystadenomas of the uterine and tube walls, their origin from remnants of Wolff's body (1898)
  • Honorary President of the German Society for Pathology (1905)

literature

  • Axel Hinrich Murken:  Recklinghausen, Friedrich Daniel von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 236 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Marquard Michler: The beginnings of modern inflammation theory. Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen discovered wandering cells 100 years ago . Medical monthly (Stuttgart) 1963, pp. 743-747.
  • G. Hauser: Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen . Commemorative speech given at the meeting on November 30, 1910. Reports from the meetings of the Physikalisch-Medizin Sozietät in Erlangen 42 (1910), pp. 1-10.
  • Hans Chiari : Friedrich Daniel v. Recklinghausen . Negotiations of the German Pathological Society (Jena) 1912: pp. 478–488.
  • Karen Kummerfeldt: Friedrich Daniel v. Recklinghausen: Biography and summary of the most important writings on bone diseases with special consideration of general bone pathology and ostitis fibrosa generalisata cystica . Diss. Univ. Hamburg 1993.
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Recklinghausen, Friedrich Daniel von , in: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1220 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dissertation: De pyaemiae theoriis (On the theories of pyaemia)
  2. ^ Directory of the staff and students of the University of Würzburg, winter semester 1865/66 to summer semester 1872
  3. ↑ Robert Herrlinger : The development of medical history teaching at the Julius Maximilians University. Messages from the Georg Sticker Institute for the History of Medicine at the University of Würzburg, Issue 1 (March 1957), pp. 1–8; P. 5.
  4. ↑ Rector's speeches (HKM)
  5. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Volume 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Series 3, volume 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 197.
personal data
SURNAME Recklinghausen, Friedrich Daniel von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pathologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH December 2, 1833
PLACE OF BIRTH Gutersloh
DATE OF DEATH August 25, 1910
Place of death Strasbourg