Eugene L. Opie

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Eugene L. Opie

Eugene Lindsay Opie (born July 5, 1873 in Staunton (Virginia) , † March 12, 1971 in Bryn Mawr (Pennsylvania) ) was an American pathologist and microbiologist .

Live and act

Eugene Lindsay Opie was the son of Thomas Opie , a professor of gynecology and obstetrics and long-time dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Maryland, Baltimore . Eugene Opie earned a bachelor's degree from Johns Hopkins University in 1893 and an MD from Johns Hopkins Medical School in 1897 with a medical degree. Under the influence of William Henry Welch and William Sidney Thayer , Opie turned to experimental medicine. Even as a student, he dealt intensively with the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas , whose function was still unknown, and - parallel to William George MacCallum - with the pathogens of a malaria- like disease in birds.

With MacCallum, he also shared experiences in the Spanish-American War , when both of them accompanied transports of wounded as young doctors. As an assistant doctor in pathology at Johns Hopkins Hospital - the pathology department at the time also included today's microbiology - Opie discovered the connection between the loss of the islets of Langerhans and the occurrence of diabetes mellitus and the connection between blockage of the bile duct and necrosis of the pancreas (now known as biliary pancreatitis ).

In 1904, Opie moved to the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (which later became the Medical Faculty of Rockefeller University ) as a research assistant , where he stayed until 1910. From 1907 he was also a guest researcher at the New York Presbyterian Hospital . During his time in New York, Opie was mainly concerned with the enzyme system in leukocytes .

In 1910 Opie received a call to the chair of pathology at the Medical School of Washington University in St. Louis , where he remained until 1923 as a university professor. He was dean for three years . During the First World War , he and Francis Gilman Blake and Thomas Milton Rivers studied the epidemiology of influenza and other respiratory infections among soldiers. Previously, Opie was able to prove that trench fever is transmitted by vermin.

In 1923 Opie moved to the Henry Phipps Institute For the Study and Treatment of Tuberculosis at the University of Pennsylvania ( Philadelphia ) as director, where he soon received an additional professorship and took over the management of the university pathology. In Philadelphia and Jamaica , Opie and co-workers made significant advances in research into infection and reinfection , and the role of immunity , hypersensitivity, and cellular immunity in tuberculosis . Further work dealt with animal studies of leukemia and its viral triggers.

In 1932 Opie went back to New York City , where he took over the chair of pathology at Cornell University and at the same time important tasks in the management of the associated New York Hospital and the entire medical education. The leukemia studies continued here. From 1936 to 1938 Opie was President of the Harvey Society . In 1939 he took a scientific break at the Peking Union Medical College , where he gained a lot of knowledge about traditional Chinese medicine .

After his retirement in 1941, Opie took on the position of visiting scientist at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research , where he worked as a scientist for another 28 years - until he was 97. His last scientific publication appeared in 1970, a few months before his death and 72 years after its first publication in 1898. During these years, he dealt with, among other things, diet-related causes of liver cancer and the movement of water in tissue.

Opie was married twice. In 1902 he married Gertrude Lovat Simpson, with whom he had four children. Nine years after the death of Gertrude Opie, he married her sister Margaret Lovat Simpson in 1916.

Fonts (selection)

  • 1903 Disease of the Pancreas
  • 1922 Epidemic Respiratory Disease

Awards (selection)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eugene Opie. In: nasonline.org. Retrieved November 13, 2016 .
  2. ^ Association of American Physicians: George M. Kober Medal and Lectureship. In: aap-online.org. Retrieved November 13, 2016 .
  3. ↑ Banting Medal for Scientific Achievement Award 2018. (PDF; 50 kB) In: diabetes.org. Retrieved April 9, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal. In: nasonline.org. Retrieved November 13, 2016 .
personal data
SURNAME Opie, Eugene L.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Opie, Eugene; Opie, Eugene Lindsay
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American pathologist and microbiologist
DATE OF BIRTH July 5, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Staunton, Virginia
DATE OF DEATH March 12, 1971
Place of death Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania