Eva Umlauf

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Eva Umlauf (born Eva Hecht on December 19, 1942 in Nováky , Slovak Republic ) is a Czech-German pediatrician , psychotherapist , survivor of the Shoah and contemporary witness . She is one of the youngest survivors of the Auschwitz concentration camp .

Life

Eva Umlauf was born in the Nováky labor camp , a Slovak transit camp from which people of Jewish origin were deported to extermination camps in occupied Poland . After spending almost two years in this camp, she and her mother, who was four months pregnant at the time, were deported to Auschwitz . It was the last transport from Sered ; he did not arrive in Auschwitz until November 2, 1944. The difference of two or three days saved her life, because on October 31, 1944 - in view of the advancing Red Army and the incipient cover-up attempts - the gassings in Auschwitz had been stopped. On October 30, 1944, several thousand mothers and their children who had been deported from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz were murdered in the gas. Despite the incipient chaos of the retreat, the two-year-old was still tattooed with the concentration camp number. She passed out during this painful procedure.

“The Nazis wanted to cover everything up. There were still death marches , one of which my father was shot. But they stopped gassing because they knew the end was near. They wanted to destroy the archive material, but it was too late. A few hundred who could not be transported stayed in Auschwitz. We were among them. "

- Eva Umlauf : Interview with the press , April 2011

Eva, who suffered from tuberculosis and jaundice in the camp, and her pregnant mother survived the three-month stay in the concentration camp with great luck until the liberation by the Red Army on January 27, 1945. As they were unable to travel due to malnutrition and poor health, they stayed she stayed in the former camp for six months. Sister Nora was born there in April 1945; she was healthy and well. The father Imrich Hecht, 33, was deported on January 20, 1945 from Auschwitz to the Melk concentration camp , a branch of the Mauthausen concentration camp , where he died on March 20, 1945. When the mother returned to Czechoslovakia with her two young daughters in July 1945 , she also took a six-year-old boy with her who had lost both parents in Auschwitz. Her mother's search for surviving relatives was fruitless; her mother, grandmother, grandfather and all three siblings had been murdered by the Nazi regime .

The family subsequently lived in the small town of Trenčín , where both daughters graduated from high school. Eva Umlauf studied medicine in Bratislava , married the Polish Shoah survivor and building contractor Jakob Sultanik in 1966 and followed her husband to Munich in 1967. There she completed her specialist training in paediatrics at what is now Munich Clinic Harlaching . After the end of the Prague Spring , her mother and her second husband fled to Munich. Her sister, also a doctor, was already in Munich at this point. After the accidental death of her first husband, Eva Umlauf remarried and had two other sons in addition to the son from her first marriage. From 1976 she worked for many years in Munich as a pediatrician, completed her training as a specialist in psychotherapeutic medicine and has been working as a psychotherapist in this profession since 1996 . She is a member of the Medical Academy for Psychotherapy of Children and Adolescents .

On January 27, 2011 Eva Umlauf spoke at the commemoration of the anniversary of the liberation in Auschwitz. After having a heart attack in February 2014, she decided to share her experiences publicly. In March 2016, her memoirs appeared as a book under the title The number on your forearm is blue like your eyes at Verlag Hoffmann und Campe . In 2018 the book was published in Slovak. As a contemporary witness of the Holocaust, Umlauf gives readings from her book.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ One of Auschwitz's youngest survivors reflects on 75th anniversary of liberation , New York Post , January 22, 2020 ( Associated Press )
  2. ↑ a b c d e f The girl in the photo , Jüdische Allgemeine , 23 January 2017
  3. ^ The Guardian : Tales from Auschwitz: survivor stories , January 26, 2015
  4. ^ ORF : Menschenbilder , Eva Umlauf in conversation with Heinz Janisch, June 28, 2015
  5. ↑ Interview by Stefanie Oswalt: A trauma that burns deep in the soul . In: Das Jüdische Echo , Edition 65, pp. 92-95. Retrieved January 27, 2020
  6. ↑ Die Presse : Eva Umlauf: "Israel is a saving idea for us" , interview with Norbert Mayer , April 23, 2011
  7. ↑ Eva Umlauf: Processing emotional inheritance . In: Jüdische Allgemeine, January 23, 2020. Retrieved January 27, 2020
  8. ↑ Eva Umlauf / Stefanie Oswalt: "The number on your forearm is blue like your eyes": The emotional legacy of trauma , Deutschlandfunk Kultur , reading, July 16, 2016
  9. ^ Literature: Eine Überlebens-Künstlerin , sueddeutsche.de , March 16, 2016
  10. ↑ Luise Reddemann : On Eva Umlauf's book: The number on your forearm is blue like your eyes , review . Retrieved January 27, 2020
  11. ↑ Micha Brumlik : Umlauf, Eva, with Stefanie Oswalt: The number on your forearm is blue like your eyes. Memories , book review. In: Psyche - Journal for Psychoanalysis . 70 (9): 1003-1005, 2016
  12. ^ The Auschwitz survivor Eva Umlauf in the Leichlingen high school , WDR local time Bergisches Land, December 5, 2017
  13. ↑ Eva Hecht survived the Auschwitz camp as a child , Thüringer Allgemeine , September 14, 2018
  14. ↑ On Friday in the Felsenkeller: “Are such little hands”: Reading and discussion with Dr. Eva Umlauf, who survived hell in Auschwitz as a 3-year-old child + video , l-iz.de , April 6, 2019
personal data
SURNAME Umlauf, Eva
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hecht, Eva (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech-German pediatrician, psychotherapist, survivor of the Shoah and contemporary witness
DATE OF BIRTH December 19, 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH Nováky , Slovakia