Evangelical Church (Lixfeld)

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Church from the southwest

The Evangelical Church in Lixfeld , a district of the Angelburg community in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district ( Hesse ), is a listed choir tower church . It was built or renewed in the 1470s. The well-fortified choir tower in the east, whose choir dates from the 13th century and the core of which may go back to a previous building, was retained. The tower shaft above the older choir and the helmet structure were completed in 1463/1464. The four wich houses on the octagonal pointed helmet are characteristic. A westward extension of the nave in 1977 gave the church the shape it is today.

history

Lixfeld is located on one of the oldest streets in Hessen, which was called Siegen-Marburg-Straße in the Middle Ages . It is not certain whether on the church hill in 9/10 In the 13th century a tower castle was built, which was converted into a church tower and consecrated in the 13th century, while the manor house of the former castle was converted into the nave of the church. In the years 1321-1323, a small transept was probably added to the tower, which ran from north to south. In 1334 a "pastor in Lykisuelt" named Vypertus Gysonis and in 1358 a parish church are mentioned for the first time.

In the late Middle Ages, Lixfeld was subordinate to the Sendgericht von Breidenbach in the deanery “Kesterburg” ( Christenberg ) in the Archdeaconate St. Stephan within the Archdiocese of Mainz .

The tower shaft with the spire was built over the older choir from 1458 to 1463 or 1464. The nave was rebuilt on the foundations of the previous building and received a new roof in 1472. These construction measures took place after Lixfeld was separated from Hirzenhain in 1462 and Oberhörlen was added.

With the introduction of the Reformation , Lixfeld switched to the evangelical creed. As the first Protestant pastor around 1550, a "Mr. Ebert" is proven. In 1540 and later Lixfeld is connected to the parish of Oberhörlen. In addition, Frechenhausen and Roth were parish in 1613. The congregation introduced the Reformed worship service in 1606, only to return to the Lutheran confession in 1624. Lixfeld belonged to Simmersbach from 1690 to 1703 and since then has formed a parish with Frechenhausen.

In 1835 the bell cage on the first floor of the tower was stabilized with beams , and in 1839 the western gable wall was renewed. New building plans that emerged in 1874 were not implemented. After a ten-year repair phase, a comprehensive renovation followed in 1884, during which the stone altar was replaced by one made of wood. The pictures of the apostles and other biblical representations in the galleries were removed and the floor of the church was covered with wooden floorboards.

In 1953 five of the eight sides of the helmet structure and in 1954 the church roof were reinserted. In 1976/1977 the community extended the ship by six meters on its own, as the church was no longer sufficient with just under 200 seats. The cost of the renovation was around 500,000 DM. The inauguration took place on July 24, 1977.

The community belongs to the deanery Biedenkopf-Gladenbach in the provost office of North Nassau in the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau .

architecture

Defense tower from the southeast

The east- facing choir tower church made of unplastered quarry stone masonry is built on the northwest edge of the old town center in a spur in the middle of the rectangular cemetery. It consists of a Gothic choir tower and a nave which was added in the 17th century and which was lengthened in 1977 by 6.5 meters in a westerly direction, as can be seen from the construction seam .

The solidly walled-up, defensive, unstructured choir tower on a square floor plan is slated on the west side. The walls are 1.40–1.50 meters thick. The tower hall is illuminated through two arched windows designed by Erhardt Jakobus Klonk . The south window represents the Lord's Supper, the east window the hope of resurrection based on 1 Cor 15.1ff  LUT . The upper floors have slit-shaped crossbow notches typical of the 13th and early 14th centuries. Small, arched openings are let in below the eaves. On four corners of the octagonal pointed helmet there are small wich houses. They have square sound holes and small pointed helmets with gold-plated balls. Between the guard houses, dials for the tower clock are attached under a triangular gable on all sides. The completely slated spire is crowned by a tower pommel, an ornate wrought-iron indicator for the cardinal points and a gilded weathercock. According to a dendrochronological study, the wood for the roof of the tower was felled in the local forests in 1460/1461 and 1461/1462. The roof structure with the mighty ridge column, which protrudes from the belfry to the top of the tower, was pitched shortly after the joinery in 1462. The ceiling above the tower hall was built in 1458 over the probably older choir. After a dendrochronological examination, the wood for the roof of the ship was felled ten years after the tower, in the winters of 1470/1471 and 1471/1472, and the roof was opened in 1472. The surrounding masonry was created at the same time. The bell chamber houses a four-bell ring with a steel bell from 1920 by Rincker and three bronze bells from 1956 and 1978. The big bell jumped in 1708, 1826 and 1855 and was cast around until it was delivered in 1917 for armament purposes.

Inside, the choir has a groin vault that rests on square services . Burrs, services and the framing of the reveals are painted red. A late Gothic, square sacrament niche with a barred door and a profiled frame is set into the north wall, above which an eyelash is painted. The simple square niche in the south wall probably served as a piscina . A large pointed arch, painted red, opens the choir to the nave.

The longitudinal nave is accessed through a high rectangular west portal under a slated canopy. A rectangular window is let in above it. The old ship has a raised arched window on each of the long sides. The reveal of the south window is painted with tendrils. Another arched window has broken under the south window. The western extension has a high rectangular window on each of the long sides. Two small dormer windows are attached to the shed hipped roof in the south and north .

Interior

Pulpit from 1595
Interior towards the choir arch and tower hall

The fixtures and fittings in the choir are modern and were uniformly designed in 1977 from local gray diabase . The block altar in the choir is covered by a protruding canteen plate on which a crucifix from the 17th century stands. To the left is the baptismal font with a pigeon and a fish and to the right is the ambo with the characters Alpha and Omega . Six consecration crosses are painted on the walls of the choir hall .

A wooden crucifix of the three-nail type is mounted above the choir arch in a frame of latticework, pilasters and flat-carved tendrils. It dates from the second quarter of the 15th century and was originally an altarpiece .

The nave is closed off by a wooden conical barrel with rectangular painting. To the north and west of a Baroque angle loft is built on four square wooden posts with Bügen rests, decorated with floral ornaments. A base bears a building inscription and is marked with the year 1609. The west gallery has been deep and staggered since the extension in 1977. On the south wall a Bible verse from the time around 1700 from Mt 16,19  LUT is painted: “I WILL GIVE YOU THE HEAVENLY KEY AND WHAT YOU ARE HERE WILL BE BOUND IN HEAVEN WHAT YOU WILL LOOSE ON EARTH, WHAT YOU ARE HERE BEING LOSE HEAVEN ”.

The wooden polygonal pulpit from 1595 rests on a square foot and is supported by four struts. The surrounding cornice is profiled. Under the frieze there is an inscription from the building period: "ANNO DOMINI 1595". The coffered pulpit fields with a gilded profile have tall rectangular panels that are painted with delicate, pale green tendrils. A coconut palm is depicted in the middle and an inscription above it reads: "VERBUM DOMINI MANET IN AETERNUM" ( Isa 40,8b  VUL ). This was the motto of Philip I , who introduced the Reformation in Hesse. There is no sound cover. A modern staircase with a simple iron railing allows access to the pulpit. Above the pulpit stands a Madonna with the baby Jesus on a flat pedestal .

The wooden church stalls with curved cheeks leave a central aisle free. In the south-west corner a staircase leads to the gallery. Behind the organ is the entrance to the bell tower.

organ

Oberlinger organ from 1967

Until 1889, the teacher led the church singing as the lead singer. When he fell ill, the community bought a harmonium, which was later replaced by a larger instrument. From 1976 to 1978 an electronic organ accompanied the singing. Today's organ was built in 1967 by the Oberlinger brothers . It was originally an interim organ for the Martinskirche Gladenbach and was sold to Lixfeld in 1978 and expanded to include the octave bass 4 ′ after the multi-year restoration there had been completed. The parapet organ at the end of the north gallery has an angular prospect to the south and west with two harp fields. The actions are mechanical. The organ has the following disposition :

Manual C – g 3
Dumped 8th'
Reed flute 4 ′
Principal 2 ′
Sesquialter I D
Cymbel II 2 ⁄ 3 ′
Pedal C – d 1
Sub bass 16 ′
Octave bass 4 ′

literature

  • Günter E. Th. Bezzenberger: Worth seeing churches in the church areas of Hesse and Nassau and Kurhessen-Waldeck, including the Rhine-Hessian church districts of Wetzlar and Braunfels. Evangelical Press Association, Kassel 1987, p. 75.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I: Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 592.
  • Hans Feldtkeller (arrangement): The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf district. Eduard Roether, Darmstadt 1958. p. 29.
  • Frank W. Rudolph: Evangelical churches in the dean's office Gladenbach. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-422-02288-1 , pp. 54–55.
  • Gerhard Seib: Well-fortified churches in Northern Hesse (= contributions to Hessian history. Vol. 14). Trautvetter & Fischer Nachf., Marburg an der Lahn 1999, ISBN 3-87822-111-8 .
  • Helmut Stäger; Angelburg community and Lixfeld local council: 750 years of Lixfeld 1238–1988. A village on the border. On the trail of his past. 2nd Edition. Pulverich-Druck, Haiger 1988.

Web links

Commons : Lixfeld Church  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Homepage of the parish: How old is our church? - An attempt at dating , accessed June 24, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b Stäger: 750 years of Lixfeld 1238–1988. 1988, pp. 62-64.
  3. ↑ a b c d homepage of the parish: Historical , accessed on June 24, 2017.
  4. ↑ a b Lixfeld. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on June 14, 2017 .
  5. ↑ a b Stäger: 750 years of Lixfeld 1238–1988. 1988, p. 78.
  6. ^ Stäger: 750 years of Lixfeld 1238–1988. 1988, p. 79.
  7. ↑ Seib: Well-fortified churches in Northern Hesse. 1999, p. 29.
  8. ↑ a b c Rudolph: Evangelical churches in the dean's office in Gladenbach. 2010, p. 54.
  9. ↑ Seib: Well-fortified churches in Northern Hesse. 1999, p. 120.
  10. ↑ a b Stäger: 750 years of Lixfeld 1238–1988. 1988, p. 82.
  11. ↑ Feldtkeller: The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf district. 1958, p. 29.
  12. ↑ a b c Rudolph: Evangelical churches in the dean's office in Gladenbach. 2010, p. 55.
  13. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 592.
  14. ^ Organ in Lixfeld , accessed on June 13, 2017.

Coordinates: 50 ° 48 ′ 22.93 "  N , 8 ° 24 ′ 39.95"  E