Evangelical Church (Jedwabno)
| Evangelical Church in Jedwabno (Kościół ewangelicko w Jedwabnie) Evangelical Church in Gedwangen |
|
|---|---|
| Construction year: | 1757-1759 |
| Style elements : | Field stone building , hall church |
| Client: | Evangelical Church Community Jedwabno ( Church Province of East Prussia , Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union ) |
| Location: | 53 ° 31 '47.6 " N , 20 ° 43' 46.8" E |
| Address: | ul. 1 Maja Jedwabno Warmia-Masuria , Poland |
| Purpose: | Evangelical Lutheran Parish Church |
| Parish: | The church no longer exists. The parish continues to exist and belongs to the parish in Pasym in the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland |
The Jedwabno Evangelical Church is a building from the mid-18th century. Until 1945 it was the central church of the East Prussian parish Jedwabno (1938–1945 Gedwangen ). The building - located in today's Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship - was so damaged in World War II that it had to be abandoned. Left to decay, the last remnant in the form of the already leaning tower was torn down in 1966.
Geographical location
Jedwabno village is located in the south-eastern center of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. The former district town of Neidenburg ( Nidzica in Polish ) is 26 kilometers to the southwest, and today's district metropolis of Szczytno ( Ortelsburg in German ) is 18 kilometers to the northeast. State road 58 runs through the village , on the southern side of which - not far from the junction of the road to Wielbark (Willenberg) - is the former location of the church.
Church building
Already in the 14th century there was a church in Jedwabno (then Gedewewe ). The construction time is likely to correspond to that of the hunting lodge built as a defense system - around 1370 to 1375. From the year 1411 there is a report from a clergyman who proves the damage done to the church and himself after the battle of Tannenberg (1410) . The church was made of wood. The pastors were able to use the hunting lodge as a dwelling for centuries.
Around 1580 a new church, also made of wood, was built on the site of the old one. This church, in whose vaulted cellar clergymen and also deserving churchmen were buried, fell victim to a fire in 1721. The carved altar and the pulpit structure with the figures of the apostles Peter and John , as well as the two bells , could be saved .
Only three decades later and after King Friedrich II had approved a grant of 3000 Talers, a new church was started on the foundations of the previous church. In the years 1757 to 1759 a plastered hall building with a west tower was built - completely in the style of the colonial churches: fortified tower and thick walls made of field stones , red brick was only used for the frames of the doors and windows .
The front tower, with its strong walls, was square in plan, about 20 by 20 feet in size . Its vaulted roof had a four-sided pyramid with a ball on top that carried the weather vane . One entered the vestibule through a double door and the inside of the church through another double door.
The nave was 82 feet by 40 feet and 30 feet high. The sacristy was built on the south-west side . The main entrance through the tower as well as all windows were designed in round arches . The entire interior was covered by a flat wooden structure. The ceiling was painted with biblical scenes and symbols. The two side galleries were brought up to the east wall. The carved altar from the previous church, made around 1680, has now been combined with the pulpit .
A new organ was inaugurated on October 3, 1858. The old one was donated to the Malga Church (in Polish : Małga ).
In the years 1842, 1871 and 1908 the church was renovated. In 1908 two heating stoves were also installed.
A thorough restoration then took place in 1934. The roofs of the tower and nave were overhauled, and the exterior of the church was renewed. Warm air heating was built into the interior . During these measures, the ceiling paintings, some of which had been whitewashed, were rediscovered. They were restored by the painter Toycke from Ortelsburg (Polish: Szczytno ) under the supervision of the Fiebelkorn building council . The two gallery parapets were decorated with paintings of biblical stories. A Prussian eagle found its place above the organ. King Friedrich II had stipulated him for his building grant. At that time he also took over the patronage of the church.
The church was badly damaged in World War II . After the artillery fire, the roof trusses of the tower and nave burned out and collapsed inward. The tower leaned a little over the years. A pair of storks nested on it before it was demolished in 1966 as the last remnant of the church.
Parish
Church history
A church was founded in Jedwabno in the pre-Reformation period. In 1411 and already a community that existed during the Reformation the Lutheran took over teaching. The parish church in Jedwabno belonged to the Malga branch church (in Polish : Małga ), which was made independent in 1721, but still remained in a parish relationship. The Jedwabno church patronage was royal, later state.
The old hunting lodge was used as a rectory until 1827 . However, it had to be demolished due to its dilapidation. On the foundations of the hunting lodge, a new, manor-like classical rectory was built.
At that time the parish owned 400 acres of land. The clergy managed the lands themselves until 1856. After that, they were leased, as were the farm buildings. Parts of the land were ceded in 1908 for the construction of a hospital (called Nadolnystft ), a home with six apartments for widows and women, and in 1920 and 1934 for new settlements.
In 1889 the parish of Malga was separated from Jedwabno. Both communities remained together until 1945 in the Neidenburg parish within the church province of East Prussia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union . The parish of Jedwabno had a total of 3655 parishioners in 1925.
Despite the loss of numerous members of the congregation due to flight and displacement between 1945 and 1950, a small evangelical congregation was retained or was able to reorganize. It is now assigned to the parish in Pasym (Passenheim) and belongs to the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Parish places
In addition to the parish of Jedwabno (1938–1945 Gedwangen ), 18 villages were part of the parish :
| German name | Polish name | German name | Polish name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| * Burdungen | Burdąg | * Narthen | Narty | |
| * Dluszek 1932–1945 Hartigswalde (place) |
Dłużek | * New Borowen 1938–1945 Buschwalde |
Nowe Borowe | |
| Grobka 1938–1945 Mittenwald |
Grobka | Neuwald | Nowy Las | |
| Hartigswalde (forest, manor district) |
Dłużek | Omulef | Omulew | |
| Bald | Łabuń | * Omulefofen | Feces | |
| Bald fracture | Smolaki | Rekowen 1938–1945 Reckau |
Rekowe | |
| Klein Dembowitz 1935–1945 Kleineichenau |
Dębowiec | * Rubble | Szuć | |
| Lip nod | Lipniki | * Schuttschenofen | Piduń | |
| * Malschöwen 1938–1945 Malshöfen |
Małszewo | Black stove | Czarny Piec |
Pastor
At the church in Jedwabno / Gedwangen the pastors officiated as evangelical clergy:
- NN., 1579
- Johann Misloncki, 1581–1583
- Jacob Baderlein, 1592
- Stanislaus Niewierski, 1621
- Martin Surcowius, 1647/1651
- Melchior Czeckner, 1670
- Matthäus Stigalius, 1675–1689
- Christoph Hoffmann, 1690-1740
- Johann Georg Hoffmann, 1721–1760
- Michael Rudell, 1760-1793
- Johann Grall, 1789–1833
- Johann Wilhelm Grall, 1833–1839
- Johann Friedrich Anders, 1839–1840
- Friedrich Leopold Montzka, 1839–1856
- August Ferdinand Kob, 1856–1876
- Adolf Gustav Jacobi, 1873–1875
- Karl Friedrich Nadolny, 1876–1895
- Otto Richard Grzybowski, 1895-1896
- Maximilian Mich. Krenz, 1896-1909
- Otto Julius Wilhelm Laskawy, 1900–1902
- Karl Grundies, 1910–1921
- Walter Kaminski, 1922–1927
- Gerhard Symanowski, 1928–1938
- Werner Doebel, 1939
- Walter Skierlo, 1940-1945
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Jedwabno - Gedwangen at ostpreussen.net.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j The Protestant Church in Jedwabno near the Neidenburg district community.
- ↑ a b c Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian churches. Göttingen 1968, p. 125, figs. 581–583.
- ^ Photo of the church from 1910.
- ↑ a b c Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia . Volume 3 documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 494.
- ^ Church with rectory, photo from the 1920s
- ↑ The * indicates a school location.
- ↑ Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Protestant Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Hamburg 1968, p. 58.
- ↑ Kob (1807–1877) came from Arys and had attended the Herzog-Albrechts-Schule (Rastenburg) . He was a member of the Corps Masovia