Herzog-Albrechts-School (Rastenburg)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Coordinates: 54 ° 4 ′ 38.6 ″  N , 21 ° 22 ′ 19.6 ″  E

Old high school (1817)

The Herzog-Albrechts-Schule was a high school in Rastenburg, East Prussia.

history

1546 called Duke Albrecht (Prussia) , the Latin school in Mazury Rastenburg , his former residence, to life on the study which was founded by him in 1540 and named after him, the students University of Königsberg should prepare. The classrooms were on the 2nd floor above the worship room of the small (Polish) church behind St. George's Church . The school had 200 students at the time. According to old craftsmanship, the teachers called themselves schoolmasters and journeymen.

Almost all teachers and students died of the plague in 1625. Three years later, Poles attacked the city under Jakob Butler . The school was devastated so that no classes could be given for years. Friedrich Wilhelm (Brandenburg) approved funds to restore the building; After another plague epidemic, however, the number of students fell to 48. In the Seven Years' War the teachers could not be paid a salary for a long time. The school building was dilapidated as early as 1750.

In 1804 Friedrich Wilhelm III took over . (Prussia) the patronage of the Latin school, which has meanwhile been elevated to a grammar school. Instead of the old archpriest's house , a new, large two-story school was built in 1817. A third floor was added in 1865. The north wing was built in 1875. Since the city wall was included, some windows were one and a half meters deep. In order to reach their classes, the teachers often went through another if they didn't want to make the detour via the front yard. According to a decision by Minister Ludwig Nicolovius on June 30, 1810, the school was to be “in future the only Protestant scholarly school in the province of East Prussia, apart from Königsberg” .

A commemorative coin was minted in silver and aluminum to mark the 350th anniversary in 1896 . On the obverse was the (old) school building with the inscription VIGEAS UT VIGUISTI IN SAECULA SAECULORUM , on the reverse Duke Albrecht. Was performed Iphigenia in Tauris .

New building

New high school (1907)

After 1904 the school was converted into a reform high school under the direction of Prellwitz , was named Herzog-Albrechts-Schule in 1905 and moved into the completed new building in 1907. The auditorium was used by the city for concerts and lectures. From 1906 the foreign students could live in a student dormitory on Oberteich. After several unsuccessful attempts, an 8- acre playground behind the churchyard on the Chaussee to Krausendorf was acquired in 1910 . The school had a large library with valuable books. It was guarded by Prof. Starke.

Sports

The ice hockey players of the Herzog-Albrechts-Schule formed the trunk of the Rastenburg ice hockey team, which later grew to Olympic maturity and which defeated the Canadian national ice hockey team in 1934 . On February 10, 1914, the entire middle and high school got to know all kinds of winter sports on the Löwentinsee . Sports rides against teams from other schools were the order of the day.

Customs

Until 1896, the students wore uniform (not different from one class) green flat caps. For the 350th anniversary, the format and the “sky blue” of the student hats of the Corps Masovia were introduced. The Masurian State Corps in Königsberg i. Pr. Presented the Duke Albrecht school (such as the Royal. High School Elk ) 240 members.

As generally in East Prussia , high school graduates received Albertus pins from friends and relatives and a red striker from the “bride” . Sometimes the Primus Omnium or the youngest was given a red top hat. It was a special Rastenburg custom to shout “All passed!” From the window after the Abitur examination and to throw out the caps and hats.

At the Emperor's birthday on January 27, book rewards were issued. As a garrison of the oldest Prussian regiment , the Grenadier Regiment "King Friedrich the Great" (3rd East Prussian) No. 4 , Rastenburg celebrated the 200th birthday of Frederick the Great in 1912 . The high school students were presented with memorials. In memory of the East Prussian Landwehr , the play "The people stands up" was performed by the school community on February 7, 1913. The Imperial Navy was visited in Kiel .

Current condition

Since the school was only slightly damaged in World War II, the building and furnishings are almost in their original state.

  • Entrance hall

  • Entrance to the auditorium

  • Ceiling of the auditorium

  • Classroom (2014)

Personalities

School building (2014)

Directors

  • Valentin Neukirch (1546–1553), 1st Rector
  • Huldreich Schaffer (1705–1707)
  • George Prince (? –1756)
  • Johann Cunde (1756–1759)
  • Justus Friedrich Krüger (1804–1836)
  • Gottlob Wilhelm Heinicke (1836–1849)
  • Anton Brillowski (1849 – before 1858)
  • Friedrich Techow (before 1858–1870)
  • Carl Friedrich Jahn (1870-1893)
  • Wilhelm Großmann (1893–1902)
  • Georg von Kobilynski (1902–1904), sports teacher
  • Privy Councilor Prof. Dr. Walter Prellwitz (1904–1929)
  • Senior Director of Studies Kurt Ulonska (1929–1939)
  • Max Doskocil (1939-1945)

Teacher

student

Holzbock affair

For the 50th birthday of the alumnus Arno Holz , the director of Prellwitz organized a commemoration ceremony in 1913 with students, teachers and guests of honor. After Prellwitz's appreciation, the senior teacher and alumni leader Bock said that one should not count wood among the great poets. Goethe's little Heideröslein is superior to the (often crude) verses from Holz. The controversy between Prellwitz and Bock and the views for and against Arno Holz were the subject of a series of articles in the Rastenburger Zeitung entitled “The Holzbock Affair” .

Sponsorship

Under the sponsorship of the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gymnasium Hanover , the 400th anniversary celebration was made up for on August 30, 1952 with 170 former students in Hanover . At the ceremony, Bruno Schumacher spoke about the "consolidation of German culture in East Prussia by Duke Albrecht" .

Others

The school had ten student associations. The Gymnasial-Sportbund Herzog Albrecht was raised like a student union . During the First World War and afterwards, the school had two groups of migrating birds . With its own orchestra, the Rastenburg Madrigal Choir and the school choir, the Gymnasial-Musikverein performed oratorios in St. George's Church, some of which were broadcast by Ostmarken Rundfunk AG . In 1926 the steno club Tiro was founded, which was transferred to the German Stenographers Association on October 1, 1933 .

literature

  • Hans-Joachim von Egan: The anniversary celebrations of the Herzog-Albrecht School and the Hindenburg School in Rastenburg / Ostpr. on 28/29 August 1971 in Wesel / Niederrhein.
  • Siegfried Bahr, Kurt Boeffel, Heinz Klaulehn (eds.): 450 years of the Herzog Albrechts School and 125 years of the Hindenburg High School in Rastenburg in East Prussia . Hamburg.
  • Wilhelm Großmann: Festive report on the 350th jubilee of the Royal Herzog-Albrechts-Gymnasium in Rastenburg. 1896.
  • Johann Theodor Heinecke: The construction of the old grammar school at St. Georgs Church. 1816.
  • Johann Theodor Heinecke: On the oldest history of the Royal High School in Rastenburg up to the 18th century. 1846.
  • KL Bandisch: Heinicke's high school in Rastenburg . In: New Prussian Provincial Papers . Year 1847, January - June, Volume III, Königsberg 1847, pp. 62–70 ( full text )
  • Justus Krüger: On the public examination of all classes of the Royal High School in Rastenburg, which will be held on September 28th and 29th, 1820 .
  • Walter Prellwitz: On the history of the Herzog-Albrechts-Gymnasium on the occasion of the new school building. 1907.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ The later high school students wore blue strikers
  2. ↑ v. Kobilynski introduced swimming lessons in the new bathing establishment on the Oberteich

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Ludwig Adolf Wiese : The higher school system in Prussia. Historical-statistical representation . Berlin 1864, pp. 59-60
  2. ↑ Jürgen Herrlein , Amella Mai: Directory of all members of the Corps Masovia 1823 to 2005 . Potsdam 2006
  3. ↑ History of the Rastenburger Zeitung by Heinz Kiaulehn (PDF)
  4. ↑ DBE, 2nd edition, Volume 9, p. 880