Evangelical Church Odenhausen (Lahn)

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South-west side of the church in Odenhausen
East side of the church

The Evangelical Church in Odenhausen in the municipality of Lollar in the district of Gießen ( Hesse ) is a Romanesque pillar basilica from the 11th century. The eastern choir polygon dates from the 15th, the baroque roof turret from the 18th century. The Hessian cultural monument is the oldest building in the village and one of the oldest churches in the district.

history

The church was probably built in the 11th century, at the latest in the 13th century as a separate church of the Gleiberger or Merenberger. A people priest (pleban) with the name Conrad is proven in 1256. The church is mentioned for the first time in 1271. Ecclesiastically, the place belonged in the late Middle Ages to the large parish Kirchberg in the deanery Amöneburg in the diocese of Mainz . A pastor who was probably subordinate to Odenhausen is documented for 1500 in Salzboden . Salzboden has had a branch relationship with Odenhausen since the middle of the 16th century. With the introduction of the Reformation in 1527 (1533 at the latest), Odenhausen switched to the Protestant creed. The first Protestant pastor was Johannes Wöcker von Kassel, who worked here from 1533 to 1545.

Around 1500 the original east end, a semicircular apse, was replaced one meter east by a Gothic five- eighth end after a fire destroyed the Romanesque apse and the high altar. Probably in this context, but no later than the 16th century, the side aisles were removed and in 1584 a longitudinal gallery on the south side, a west gallery and several galleries were built in the apse to replace them. The organ was later installed on one of the apse galleries. In front of the south pore, a small pre-gallery was built for the confirmands and catechumens , which bore the year of construction and the names of the builders on a longitudinal beam: "HANS BENNER AND HANS WOLFEIL: BUILDING MASTER ANNO 1584 THE 1st MACY". One of the girders read: “M. PETTER BORN 1584 ".

In 1617 a steeper roof was added and the roof turret was renewed. The galleries were rebuilt in 1711, as indicated by the following inscription: “JOHAN. CHRIST. ROOSTER. HANS JORG RAU. FOREWORD HANS JAKOB KRAFT CASTLE MASTER 1711 ”. In the 18th century the roof structure was renewed and a new roof turret in the Baroque style was installed . In the course of a church renovation in 1808, the Lich painter Daniel Hisgen painted the church, created the gallery paintings and painted over the tendril ornaments on the parapets with tendrils of flowers. Another renovation followed in 1906, during which the painter Heinrich Demmer from Wetzlar painted the pulpit, galleries, sacristy and choir with a dark green paint. The external plaster applied at an unknown time was removed again in 1930/1931 by the Hirschhäuser bricklaying company.

At the instigation of the Monument Office, the side aisles were rebuilt on the old foundations between 1969 and 1971 and the walled arcades to the central nave, which previously formed 0.30 meter deep niches, were reopened. The roof structure was completely renewed and the mighty wooden post on which the roof turret rested was replaced by a steel girder. The galleries in the south and east were removed because the wood was rotten, and a new west gallery was installed for the organ using old gallery beams. Since the old church stalls had been eaten away by woodworms and mushrooms, they had to be replaced, as did the center post that supports the roof turret and the pulpit base. The three walled-up upper clad windows were broken open again and the large windows that were later broken in were walled up, the entire plaster was removed and the oak beams of the ceiling exposed, the choir area was raised by 0.15 meters and the floor was re-covered with red sandstone slabs. The parapet paintings were exposed again. 21 of the 28 old paintings were hung on the outer walls of the side aisles, seven on the new west gallery. The old chairs were replaced by modern rows of chairs. The inauguration took place on May 9, 1971.

In 2006/2007 a sacristy was added on the north side.

The Protestant parishes of Odenhausen and Salzböden, which had previously been linked by parish office, merged in 2017. The new parish has around 1500 members and belongs to the Evangelical Church District on Lahn and Dill in the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland .

architecture

West side
Exterior view of the south aisle from the late 1960s. Below four rectangular modern windows

The roughly east- facing church made of quarry stone masonry is built on the western edge of the village in the middle of a churchyard, which is surrounded by a high ring wall made of sandstone in quarry stone masonry from around 1600. The about one meter thick walls of the central nave consist of broken sandstones and greywacke . The church is 13 meters wide and 20.85 meters long, the north aisle 17 meters and the south aisle 16.65 meters long. The interior of the central nave is 5 meters wide and that of the side aisles is 2.50 meters wide.

The central nave has a steep gable roof, which is covered with natural slate, and a completely slated, eight-sided roof turret in the east, which is crowned by a French dome . There are three dormers on each side of the roof for ventilation. The baroque roof turret has high rectangular sound openings with slats. It is crowned by a tower knob made of sheet copper, a wrought-iron cross and a gilded weathercock. The cross arms of the cross are decorated with three lilies. The year 1617 is written under the cross.

The masonry of the central nave dates back to the Romanesque building period. Since the arches of the arcades (every 2 meters wide) become lower towards the east, the impression of a longer nave is suggested. Of the four small high-seated, arched windows (0.60 meters wide, 0.70-0.90 meters high) on both sides in the upper storey , one was still preserved in its original condition from the Romanesque period. The four upper windows correspond to the arched arcades of the central nave. The secondary walls and extensions were removed from 1969–1971. The round-arched west portal from the Romanesque period now has a slated canopy. Apart from a very small rectangular window in the west gable, the west side has no windows. Before 1617 the central nave was a little lower and the roof a little flatter. An increase of 0.50-0.60 meters can be seen on the western gable side.

The polygonal 5/8 east end of the same width as the central nave dates from the Gothic period. The Gothic choir is illuminated through three windows of different heights, which have tracery that is made from one piece. The ornaments in the pointed arches are designed differently. The windows have leaded glass.

The side aisles from the late 1960s are illuminated in the west through four narrow rectangular windows (1.35 × 0.54 meters). The north aisle has two more windows to the east. A flat monopitch roof leads under the windows of the upper storey. A rectangular door in the east south wall allows access. A small passage mediates between the sacristy in the north and the aisle.

Furnishing

Looking west
Pentecost depiction by Hisgen
Looking east

The central nave is closed off by a flat beam ceiling. Four round arches provide access to the side aisles. The west gallery from 1584 bears the inscription: “BLESSED ARE THE HEARING AND WARE OF GOD'S WORD IN A FINE PURE HEART AND”. The remainder of the bar, which is kept in the attic, has the missing words "BRINGEN FRUCHT IN GEDULT LUC AM 8 AND 11 CAP". Two preserved gallery panels hang on two pillars in the north aisle. The original painting with tendril ornaments was partially exposed on one to demonstrate the different versions . Another gallery is completely exposed. In the south aisle there is an equipment cabinet, the three doors of which were made from the old gallery. The old parish chair , which originally served as the sacristy and has housed the electrical switch system since the interior renovation, is built into the northern nave .

The sacrament niche (1.20 × 0.75 meters) in the north apse with a red sandstone frame dates from the 15th century and shows a bearded head of Christ. Opposite in the south wall, the baptismal water was originally kept in a simple niche (0.45 × 0.55 meters). A disc cross tombstone in the south-eastern outer wall of the apse dates from the 15th century and a cross tombstone from the 16th century. Two baroque tombstones in the east wall of the south aisle date from 1734 and 1756.

The mighty altar (1.60 × 1.05 meters, 1.05 meters high) made of sandstone blocks is the oldest piece of furniture and dates from the Romanesque period. It is covered by a mighty cafeteria plate (1.86 × 1.17 meters, 0.27 meters deep) over carnies and has a niche in front that was used to store a relic in the pre-Reformation period . The wooden, late Gothic body (0.60 × 0.60 meters) of the crucifix dates from the 15th century and was possibly part of the destroyed high altar. The six-sided wooden pulpit was created either around 1584 or in the first half of the 18th century. It shows flower paintings in the same way as they adorned the wooden panels of the parapet in its second version.

The 28 parapet paintings by Daniel Hisgen are based on biblical motifs. 20 pictures show scenes from the Old Testament, the other scenes from the New Testament. The oldest version from the 16th century has floral spirals. Today, 21 pictures hang in the side aisles, seven with New Testament representations on the new west gallery. A large painting showing the baptism of Jesus hung below the ceiling until 1969. In a restored form it now hangs on the east wall of the north aisle. On the occasion of the interior renovation, Hisgen made a memorial plaque in 1808, which is framed by a garland of flowers.

organ

Baroque organ prospectus

The history of the organ is fraught with uncertainties. The church houses an organ in a five-axis baroque case. G. Weißhaupt either created a new organ in 1739 or incorporated an older case, as the protruding pointed towers indicate. In 1895 the organ builder Heinrich Eichhorn built a first organ in Odenhausen on the occasion of a foundation by the Brothers Völk and delivered an interior that he took over from Burgschwalbach for 40 marks. The coat of arms on the semicircular central tower is the municipal coat of arms of Burgschwalbach. Until 1968 the organ stood on its own gallery in the choir, before it found its new location in 1970 on the west gallery. The Oberlinger company renovated the organ in 1985/1986 and restored it to its original condition. The instrument has seven manual registers with a total of 536 pipes and an attached pedal. The disposition is as follows:

I Manual CD – c 3
Dumped 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Dumped 4 ′
Quint 3 ′
Octav 2 ′
Mixture III
Vox humana 8th'
Pedal CD – d 0
Sub-bass 16 ′

Peal

Brief ringing of the bells

The roof turret houses a double bell. A small bell without any inscription or decoration dates from the 14th century and was welded in 1954 because of a long crack. The larger bronze bell was cast in 1950 to replace a bell from 1441 that had to be delivered to the armaments industry in 1942. The bell was electrified in 1971 and provided with a digital timer in 1984.

No.
  		Casting year
  		Foundry, casting location
  		Diameter
(mm) 		Height
(mm) 		Mass
(kg) 		Chime
  		inscription
  		image
 
1 1950 Rincker , Sinn 780 800 311 of the 2nd
Glory to God on high and peace on earth
†
Teneo quia teneor
Ev Church Odenhausen (Lahn) bell 1.jpg
2 14th Century unknown 550 580 at 105 f 2 Ev Church Odenhausen (Lahn) bell 2.jpg

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I: Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 735.
  • Erwin Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn) and the parish of Odenhausen / Salzboden. Evangelical Church Community Odenhausen, Lollar-Odenhausen 1987.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen III. The communities of Allendorf (Lumda), Biebertal, Heuchelheim, Lollar, Staufenberg and Wettenberg. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 3-8062-2179-0 , pp. 205 f.
  • Lollar City Council: 750 years of Lollar. 1242-1992. Stadt Lollar, Lollar 1992, pp. 114-116.
  • Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1979, p. 144 f.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church Odenhausen (Lahn)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 206.
  2. ↑ a b c Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 735.
  3. ↑ a b c Small Chronicle of the Ev. Odenhausen Church (PDF file; 753 kB), accessed on June 22, 2014.
  4. ↑ a b c d e Lollar City Council: 750 years of Lollar. 1242-1992. 1992, p. 114.
  5. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 168.
  6. ↑ Odenhausen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on June 22, 2014 .
  7. ↑ a b c d Weyrauch: The churches of the old district of Gießen. 1979, p. 144.
  8. ↑ a b c d Lollar City Council: 750 years of Lollar. 1242-1992. 1992, p. 115.
  9. ^ Frank Rudolph: 200 years of evangelical life. Wetzlar's church history in the 19th and 20th centuries. Tectum, Marburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8288-9950-6 , p. 27.
  10. ↑ Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn). 1987, p. 19.
  11. ↑ Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn). 1987, p. 27.
  12. ↑ Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn). 1987, p. 56.
  13. ↑ Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn). 1987, p. 55.
  14. ↑ Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn). 1987, p. 37.
  15. ↑ Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn). 1987, p. 104.
  16. ^ Magistrate of the city of Lollar: 750 years of Lollar. 1242-1992. 1992, p. 116.
  17. ↑ Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn). 1987, p. 45.
  18. ↑ Hirschhäuser: The history of the Romanesque basilica in Odenhausen (Lahn). 1987, p. 40.
  19. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 205.
  20. ^ Franz Bösken, Hermann Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.2 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M-Z . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 , p. 757 f .

Coordinates: 50 ° 40 ′ 27.3 "  N , 8 ° 42 ′ 19.3"  E