Evangelical Church Oppenrod

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Church from the southeast
West side

The Evangelical Church in Oppenrod in the municipality of Buseck in the district of Gießen in Hesse is essentially from the Gothic period, but cannot be dated with certainty. It was given its present form through an extension in 1977. The hall church with a steep gable roof and two-storey dome turret is a Hessian cultural monument .

history

In the late Middle Ages Oppenrod belonged to the Archdeaconate of St. Stephan in the Archdiocese of Mainz in the Buseck district. The medieval chapel had a patronage of St. Mary Magdalene , which is attested for the year 1419.

With the introduction of the Reformation , Oppenrod switched to the evangelical creed. The parish had been a branch of Großen-Buseck at least since 1577, but probably already in the pre-Reformation period. This is indicated by a connection between the village and the Buseck valley in the 13th century . Regular church services did not take place in Oppenrod until 1764; until then, the faithful attended the services in Grossen-Buseck. Oppenrod has been the sole subsidiary of Großen-Buseck since 1838.

In 1628 a window was broken into the south wall near the pulpit, which was smaller and narrower than the two flanking windows. Johannes Henschel from Gießen cast a new bell in 1658. There is also a second, old bell. In 1666 the church, which was previously thatched, was given a tiled roof and a ridge turret. A male stage (gallery) was built in 1668 and the parish chair in 1701. The interior was redesigned in 1744. The gallery was expanded, the ceiling was stuccoed and the interior was painted light. The window on the north side was broken into in 1760. After various repairs to the roof, roof turrets and the pulpit in 1781, further changes were made to and in the church in 1785. The wooden porch above the west portal for the staircase replaced the stairs in the interior. In the middle of the 19th century the porch was raised up to the attic and the corresponding staircase inside was removed. In 1886 the church on the east side received a new, smaller organ loft for a new organ.

The two large bells were delivered for war purposes during the First World War and replaced in 1926. This year the dilapidated roof turret was demolished and renewed according to the old model according to a design by the Hessian Building Department. In 1942 the newly cast bells also had to be delivered. Only the little bell remained in Oppenrod due to its old age. In 1951 the parish bought two new bells. Another bell was donated by Ludwig Brück in 1968.

A major renovation took place in 1977 when the south side of the church was expanded and a parish hall was added to the north side. The old south wall was demolished and the church was enlarged by a few meters. The east gallery was removed and the organ placed on the new south pore. When the south wall was broken open, a holy water font from Gothic times was discovered and relocated to the east wall. Until 1977, an outside staircase on the porch served as access to the galleries and the attic. It was removed because the western side entrance has since led to the southern extension and the galleries. In 1978 an interior renovation followed, in which the pulpit and the parsonage were moved from the south to the east and more space was created inside by removing the east gallery. In the course of this, the parapet painting of the east gallery with the Evangelist Matthew and the picture of the Last Supper, which was attached above the parish chair, were moved to the extended north gallery and the dark brown oil paint of the wooden furnishings was removed. Church painter Karl Faulstich exposed the original version of the furnishings from 1744 and the ceiling painting. In 1988 the glass painter Erhardt Jakobus Klonk, son of Erhardt Klonk , created a new glass window. In 1989 the porch was shingled and the side entrance to the south extension was given a canopy.

In 2009 an interior renovation and a renovation of the church roof and the ridge turret took place.

The Evangelical Lutheran parish belongs to the Evangelical Dean's Office in Kirchberg of the Provost of Upper Hesse within the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau . She has been parishally connected to the Protestant parish of Annerod since 2011 .

architecture

West entrances

The east-facing church in the old town center is made of quarry stone in the middle of a walled cemetery. Despite the later renovations, the medieval proportions have been preserved. The hall church is divided into three axes by windows. Due to the southern expansion, the floor plan forms a squat rectangle (11 × 7.75 meters). In addition, the mighty wall thickness (around 1 meter thick) and the steep gable roof , whose structure exceeds the height of the masonry, as well as the double collar beam roof structure speak for a medieval era. An open, two-story, wooden porch on the west side rests on octagonal wooden posts and is entirely slated.

The canopy rider is flush with the western end of the roof. The cuboid first floor has a flat, curved hood, above which the small, eight-sided lantern with sound holes rises. It is closed by a Welschen hood , which is crowned by a tower button, cross and weathercock.

On the south side, the church is extended like a nave by a slightly indented annex. This is closed off by a hipped roof, illuminated by three arched windows and accessed through a west entrance with a curved and slanted canopy. All arched windows and the main portal have sandstone facings .

The eastern gable side is illuminated through a round arched window, the glass window of which was designed by Erhardt Jakobus Klonk. Two cross bars structure the three fields. The lowest field is kept in shades of brown and violet-gray and has strict lines. A small, white star can be seen in the center of a blue cross, from which lines and fields in graduated red tones emanate, which dominate the middle field. The upper field lets out bright light in the colors yellow, red and white in curved lines. Twelve gates stand for the new Jerusalem , which is symbolized by a square in the center of the picture.

Furnishing

Parapet painting by Hisgen (around 1785) with the Last Supper scene
Interior to the west

Since the expansion to the south, the rectangular interior offers space for more than 150 people. It is completed by a chalk-white, stuccoed flat ceiling from 1744. A medallion in the middle shows Moses at the burning bush . Rocailles paintings in the Rococo style were exposed in the four corners .

The old angled gallery in the northwest rests on marbled wooden pillars with cuboid capitals and curved arches , the edges of which are gilded. The numbering on the book boards of the gallery indicates that in earlier times the seats were sold to the parishioners. The gallery has six panels in the west and ten in the north, in which a cycle of paintings by the painter Daniel Hisgen from Lich is attached. The oil paintings on canvas were created in 1785/1786. The story of Jesus from the Annunciation to Mary to the Entombment is shown on 14 pictures in portrait format. With 10 pictures, the Passion of Jesus takes up the largest room. Another picture shows the evangelist Matthew . The last picture with the Lord's Supper scene in a wider landscape format is signed with the artist's name. The south pore from 1977 does not have any oil paintings. The three missing evangelists were probably attached to the old east gallery until the 19th century.

The polygonal, wooden pulpit on the east side also dates from 1785. In the panels, fine flower garlands are painted between fluted columns with Ionic capitals , which were uncovered in 1978. Profiled cornices form the top and bottom. The pulpit rests on an octagonal wooden pillar decorated with green foliage and supported by a stone base. On the left is the parish chair from 1701 with a diamond-shaped, openwork latticework that gives access to the pulpit staircase and is painted with floral elements. To the right of the pulpit, the small Henschel bell from 1658 and its yoke have found their place in a wooden frame. The gothic, ogival holy water font is embedded in the east wall.

In the middle in front of the east window the altar is walled up, which is closed by a medieval altar plate with a bevel on which the year 1744 is carved. The simple, wooden church stalls in two six rows are more recent and leave a central aisle free.

organ

Förster organ from 1886

Johann Georg Förster built a new organ for the new south pore in 1886 . The three-axis prospectus was taken over from the previous organ , it was colored and gilded. In 1979 Förster & Nicolaus Orgelbau moved the instrument to the new gallery. The side organ has seven registers on a manual and pedal. It has a mechanical action and slider chests . The disposition is as follows:

I Manual C – f 3
Principal 8th'
Dumped 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Octav 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Intoxicating fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C – d 1
Sub-bass 16 ′

literature

  • Beate Allmenröder: About the Oppenroder Church and community life. In: Association 750 years of Oppenrod (ed.): Oppenrod 1245–1995. Stories from the history of a village. Oppenrod 1995, pp. 145-155.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 738.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt. (Hassia sacra; 5). Self-published, Darmstadt 1931, p. 257.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen II. Buseck, Fernwald, Grünberg, Langgöns, Linden, Pohlheim, Rabenau. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2178-7 , p. 88 f.
  • Heinrich Walbe : The art monuments of the Gießen district. Vol. 1. Northern part. Hessisches Denkmalarchiv, Darmstadt 1938, p. 300 f.
  • Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1979, p. 148 f.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church (Oppenrod)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt. 1931, p. 257.
  2. ^ A b State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 89.
  3. ↑ Oppenrod. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on April 18, 2020 .
  4. ↑ a b c Weyrauch: The churches of the old district of Gießen. 1979, p. 148.
  5. ↑ Allmenröder: About the Oppenroder Church and community life. 1995, p. 147.
  6. ↑ Allmenröder: About the Oppenroder Church and community life. 1995, p. 150.
  7. ↑ Allmenröder: About the Oppenroder Church and community life. 1995, p. 151 f.
  8. ^ Franz Bösken , Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.2 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M-Z . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 , p. 761 .
  9. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 300.
  10. ↑ Allmenröder: About the Oppenroder Church and community life. 1995, p. 154.
  11. ↑ a b c Weyrauch: The churches of the old district of Gießen. 1979, p. 149.
  12. ↑ a b Allmenröder: About the Oppenroder church and community life. 1995, p. 152.
  13. ↑ Gießener Allgemeine Zeitung of July 22, 2009: "Silent" bells and a mysterious message in a bottle , accessed on April 18, 2020.
  14. ↑ giessenerland-evangelisch.de: Evangelisch im Gießenerland , accessed on April 18, 2020.
  15. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen II. 2010, p. 88.
  16. ↑ Jakobus E. Klonk: Thoughts on the picture window behind the altar in the church in Oppenrod. In: Association 750 years of Oppenrod (ed.): Oppenrod 1245–1995. Stories from the history of a village. Oppenrod 1995, p. 153.
  17. ↑ a b Allmenröder: About the Oppenroder church and community life. 1995, p. 151.
  18. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 738.
  19. ^ Franz Bösken, Hermann Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.2 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M-Z . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 , p. 762 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 35 ′ 1.8 ″  N , 8 ° 48 ′ 11.6 ″  E