Evangelical Church Alten-Buseck

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Evangelical Church Alten-Buseck from the north-west

The Protestant St. George Church in Alten-Buseck , a town in the Buseck community in the district of Gießen ( Hesse ), is an early Gothic hall church from the 13th century with a west tower and straight east end. The listed church building shapes the townscape.

history

Longhouse from the south

Originally the independent parish belonged to the Archdiakonat St. Stephan in the Archdiocese of Mainz . The church was dedicated to St. George consecrated. A pastor Konrad von Buseck is attested for the year 1199, who looked after Alten-Buseck and Grossen-Buseck in 1210 with another clergyman.

The foundations of a smaller previous building with a west tower and an adjoining nave from Romanesque, possibly even Ottonian times (11th century) have been identified within the current church. In the late Romanesque period (12th century) the east wall was torn down and the building was extended to the east by adding a recessed, square apse . In the early Gothic period (between 1250 and 1280), the tower and nave were completely rebuilt in a slightly enlarged form, partly on the old foundations. The Romanesque choir , which was lower than the new nave, was included. In the Gothic period (13th / 14th centuries) the apse was brought to the width of the nave and slightly extended. It had an outer door on the south side that was later walled up. The church received extensive renovations in the 15th and 16th centuries. Century their decisive shape today.

In 1540 an ossuary was demolished. The wooden tower structure was badly damaged in a fire in 1551 and renewed in 1558 and increased by one storey. A portal was broken into the south wall in 1558.

In the course of the Reformation Alten-Buseck changed to the evangelical creed and became its own parish. The church became a branch of Großen-Buseck in 1577 at the latest and was only raised to an independent parish again in 1838.

An extensive reconstruction with renovation is attested for the years 1642 to 1644. The church roof was renovated in 1643, the apse was raised and a barrel vault was installed in the nave. In the same year the high tower structure was also built. In 1884/85 the wooden barrel was given new formwork and the interior was redesigned. The endangered building was renovated from 1989 to 1995, and a major interior renovation from 1995 to 1996. The installation of a new heating system and the construction of a new floor made archaeological excavations possible. Burials from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period have been found throughout the interior, including at least 20 men, 18 women and 16 children. 20 graves were either completely or largely intact. The individual finds include four fragments of skulls and found coins from the middle of the 13th century to 1803. A completely preserved ceramic vessel from the 18th and 19th centuries. The 19th century contained a bat skeleton with a bronze needle, indicating an occult act.

architecture

Remnants of the foundations of the Romanesque predecessor church
View of the tower from the southeast

The white plastered hall church with west tower is built in the center of the village in an inclined position and is surrounded by a horizontally leveled churchyard, the walls of which reach about 2 meters in the north and 4 meters in the south. The cemetery has not been used since the 20th century; In 1950 the last gravestones are removed.

The archaeologically proven previous building already had a west tower. The internal dimensions of the rectangular hall were 4.50 × 10.00 meters, those of the tower 4.00 × 3.00 meters. The start of construction is assumed between 950 and 1030. The foundations of the Romanesque church lie within the current church and can be seen in the area of ​​the former Romanesque choir arch through a glass window in the floor. In the corners of the east wall the beginnings of vaults and in the southeast corner the remainder of a vault rib can be seen.

Today's nave on a rectangular floor plan (6.50 × 19.00 meters) and with a straight east end is essentially early Gothic. The north side is three lancet windows with chamfered Lung Stone - jambs divided the late 13th century. In the east and south side there are two larger pointed arch windows and a pointed arched sandstone portal from 1558 on the south side. A little further to the east is another ogival portal that is walled up. A small window in the style of the north side has been preserved in the south wall.

The slender west tower is bricked up on a square floor plan (4.00 × 4.00 meters inner area) and reaches a height of about 36 meters. It has slotted windows and on the west side a pointed arched portal made of sandstone from 1558. The tower hall has a groin vault , the ridges of which are so blurred that the vault resembles a spherical shape. The verschieferte spire consists of a cube-shaped basement of truss consists of two octagonal central Shot and a Italians hood , which is surmounted by a finial, cross and weathercock.

Furnishing

Interior to the east
View of the south wall and the great epitaph

The interior is closed off by a wooden barrel vault with ribs. They lead to wooden keystones , one with a head and the other with stars. A large pointed arch connects the tower with the nave. The galleries are accessible from the outside via outside stairs. Originally there were coffered galleries on all four sides, which were two-story on the long sides. The southern pore has now been removed.

The oldest piece of furniture is a large Romanesque baptismal font made of basalt lava with eight arched panels from the first half of the 13th century. It was used profane for a long time before it reached the churchyard around 1950 and was put back in the church in 1996. An old piscina for ritual washing and a niche in the choir wall with a round basin are still preserved .

Most of the furnishings were newly acquired during the interior renovation in 1884/85. The hexagonal wooden pulpit , which rests on a bundle pillar , dates from the mid-17th century. The sound cover is decorated with a pelican who nourishes its young with the blood from its chest, an ancient symbol of Christ and his community. Pulpit and altar stand on the central axis in front of the organ gallery in the east.

The Renaissance double tomb for Hans Philipp von Buseck and Agnes von Schwalbach was made during their lifetime in the first half of the 17th century. In the church there is a tombstone of Hartmann von Buseck († 1575), on the outside on the south wall there is a tombstone of Anna von Schwalbach († 1597).

organ

Förster organ from 1898

The first baroque organ was installed in 1700. The five-part organ case , richly decorated with acanthus leaves, coats of arms and tassels, had a raised central round tower and two pointed towers on the outside, which were connected by two flat fields. The one-manual work had nine registers; the pedal was attached. Johann Georg Förster was commissioned with a new building in 1898 and in 1899 delivered a work with ten voices as Opus 88, which are divided between two manuals and pedal. The organ with pneumatic cone shutter has three round arches under a triangular gable in the neo-Renaissance style . The disposition is:

I Manual C – f 3
Principal 8th'
Hollow flute 8th'
Gamba 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Cornettino II-III 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
II Manual C – f 3
Dumped 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Flute dolce 4 ′
Pedal C – d 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Violonbass 8th'
  • Pairing :
    • Super octave coupling: I / I, P / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: I / I
  • Playing aids : Fixed combinations (f, tutti)

Bells

The church has three bells. Bell 3 has flanks that are as steep as a beehive bell, but with a Gothic volm. Their inscription reads "+ HERRE LAZ DIN HOUSE IN URIEN STEN".

No.
  		Casting year
  		Foundry, casting location
  		Mass
(kg) 		Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 ) 		image
 
1 1953 Gebr. Rincker , Sinn 850 f ′  - Evangelical Church Alten-Buseck bell 02.JPG
2 1953 Gebr. Rincker , Sinn 500 as ′  - Evangelical Church Alten-Buseck bell 03.JPG
3 around 1350 unmarked 200 of the ″  +
Evangelical Church Alten-Buseck Bell 01.JPG

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I: Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 18.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the sovereign lands and the acquired areas of Darmstadt. (Hassia sacra; 8). Self-published, Darmstadt 1935, p. 382 f.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen II. Buseck, Fernwald, Grünberg, Langgöns, Linden, Pohlheim, Rabenau. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2178-7 , p. 45.
  • Heinz P. Probst: Early village churches in Hessen. A contribution to the formation and archeology of medieval small churches. In: Communications of the Upper Hessian History Association. NF Volume 89, 2004, pp. 213-260.
  • Heinrich Walbe : The art monuments of the Gießen district. Vol. 1. Northern part. Hessisches Denkmalarchiv, Darmstadt 1938, pp. 21–27.
  • Dirk Vorlauf, Niklot Klüßendorf; Department of Archaeological and Palaeontological Monument Preservation in the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse and the Archaeological Society in Hesse eV (ed.): The Protestant parish church of St. Georg in Alten-Buseck, district of Gießen. Results of the archaeological investigations in 1995 and 1996. Wiesbaden 1998.
  • Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen . Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1979, p. 16 f.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church Alten-Buseck  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 45.
  2. ^ Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. 2008, p. 18.
  3. ^ Probst: Early village churches in Hesse. 2004, p. 246.
  4. ^ Vorlauf, Klüßendorf: The Protestant parish church St. Georg in Alten-Buseck, district of Gießen. 1996, p. 5 f.
  5. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 36.
  6. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1935, p. 382 f.
  7. ^ Vorlauf, Klüßendorf: The Protestant parish church St. Georg in Alten-Buseck, district of Gießen. 1996, p. 4.
  8. ^ Vorlauf, Klüßendorf: The Protestant parish church St. Georg in Alten-Buseck, district of Gießen. 1996, p. 8.
  9. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen . 1979, p. 16.
  10. ↑ a b Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 23.
  11. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. 1938, p. 21.
  12. ↑ a b Dehio, Cremer: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 18.
  13. ^ Vorlauf, Klüßendorf: The Protestant parish church St. Georg in Alten-Buseck, district of Gießen. 1996, p. 3.
  14. ^ Franz Bösken , Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.1 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 1: A-L . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1330-7 , p. 60 f .
  15. ^ Johannes Bickel: The village of Alten-Buseck. 2nd Edition. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlags-Gesellschaft, Gießen 1971, pp. 66–67.
  16. ↑ Hellmut Schliephake: Bell customer of the district of Wetzlar. In: Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal e. V. 12th yearbook. 1989, ISSN 0722-1126, pp. 5-150, here: p. 22

Coordinates: 50 ° 37 ′ 16.8 ″  N , 8 ° 45 ′ 15 ″  E