Farnace (Vivaldi)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Work data
Title: Farnace
Original title: Farnace
Title page of the libretto, Venice 1726

Title page of the libretto, Venice 1726

Shape: Dramma per musica in three acts
Original language: Italian
Music: Antonio Vivaldi
Libretto : Antonio Maria Lucchini
Premiere: 1727
Place of premiere: Venice
Place and time of the action: Eraclea ( Herakleia Pontike ), 1st century BC. Chr.
people
  • Farnace, King of Pontus ( Alt , Travesty )
  • Berenice, Queen of Cappadocia and mother Tamiris (old)
  • Tamiri, Queen and Wife of Farnace (alto)
  • Selinda, Farnace's sister (old)
  • Pompeo, Roman proconsul ( tenor )
  • Gilade, Prince of Royal Blood and Captain Berenices ( soprano , castrato)
  • Aquilio, Prefect of the Roman Legions (Alt, Castrato)
  • A boy, son of Farnace and Tamiri ( silent role )
  • Roman and Asian soldiers ( choir )

Farnace (Italian for Pharnakes II ) is a baroque opera ( dramma per musica ) by Antonio Vivaldi based on a libretto by Antonio Maria Lucchini . It is listed as RV 711 in the Ryom directory . The first performance took place on February 10, 1727 in the Teatro Sant'Angelo in Venice .

Versions / circumstances

The farnace is one of the most frequently composed opera fabrics of the Baroque .

Vivaldi set the material to music for the first time in 1727 for a performance in Venice. But probably he was already in 1724 in Rome with the corresponding libretto came Antonio Maria Lucchini in contact, namely as Leonardo da Vinci in Rome, the first setting of the substance in the Teatro delle Dame aufführte while Vivaldi at the same time, the performances of his Tigrane at Teatro Capranica also in Rome, headed.

The libretto obviously had a fascinating effect on Vivaldi, because he created a total of seven versions of this opera - for a re-performance in Venice in autumn 1727 with a few new arias , 1730 for Prague , 1731 for Pavia , 1732 for Mantua , 1737 for Treviso and 1738 for Ferrara (the performance there was canceled).

Only the first version for Venice February 1727 and the unfinished manuscript of the libretto for Ferrara 1738, of which Vivaldi only completed the first two acts due to the cancellation of the performance, have survived as a score .

Music numbers

The Ryom index lists the seven different versions of the Farnace with the numbers RV 711a to 711 g. The first version (RV 711a) contained the following pieces of music:

first act

  • Scene 1. Aria (Farnace): “Ricordati che sei” - cf. RV 711d I: 1 and RV 711 g I: 1
  • Scene 2. Aria (Tamiri): "Combattono quest 'alma" - cf. RV 711d I: 2 and RV 711 g I: 2 (two versions)
  • Scene 3. Choir: “Del'Eusino con aura seconda” - cf. RV 711d I: 3 and RV 711 g I: 3
  • Scene 5. Choir: “Su Campioni, su Guerrieri” - cf. RV 711d I: 5 and RV 711 g I: 5
  • Scene 7th aria (Gilade: "Nell'intimo del petto" - cf. RV 711d I: 7 and RV 711 g I: 7)
  • Scene 8. Aria (Aquilio): "Begl'occhi io penserò"
  • Scene 9. Aria (Selinda): “Al vezzeggiar d'un volto” - cf. RV 711d I: 9
  • Scene 12. Aria (Berenice): “Da quel ferro, ch'ha svenato” - cf. RV 711d I: 12 and RV 711 g I: 12
  • Scene 13. Aria (Tamiri): “Non trova mai riposo” - cf. RV 711a III: 1
  • Scene 14. Aria (Pompeo): “Occhio, che il sol rimira” - cf. Ercole sul Termodonte RV 710 I: 6

Second act

  • Scene 1. Aria (Selinda): “Lascia di sospirar” - cf. RV 711d II: 1 and RV 711 g II: 1; Fede tradita e vendicata (Graz 1736) RV Anh 127a.16
  • Scene 2. Aria (Aquilio): "Talor due pupillette"
  • Scene 3. Aria (Berenice): “Langue misero quel valore” - cf. RV 711d III: 3; Tradimento traditor (Prague 1727) RV Anh 127 [a] .40 or Hannibal in Capua (Hamburg 1735) RV Anh 127a.20
  • Scene 4. Aria (Gilade): "S'alza un vapor al Ciel"
  • Scene 6. Aria (Farnace): “Perdona, o figlio amato” - cf. RV 711 g II: 6
  • Scene 9. Aria (Tamiri): “Dividete, o giusti Dei” - cf. RV 711 g II: 9
  • Scene 10. Aria (Gilade): “Quel tuo ciglio languidetto” - cf. RV 711d II: 10 and RV 711 g II: 10
  • Scene 11. Aria (Farnace): “Spogli pur l'ingiusta Roma” - cf. RV 711d II: 11
  • Scene 12. Aria (Pompeo): “Roma invitta, ma clemente” - cf. RV 711d II: 12 and RV 711 g II: 12
  • Scene 13. Aria (Berenice): “Lasciero d'esser spietata” - cf. RV 711d II: 13
  • Scene 14. Duet (Aquilio, Selinda): “Io sento nel petto” - cf. RV 711d II: 14 and RV 711 g II: 14

Third act

  • Scene 1. Choir: "Giuliva rimbomba"
    • Aria (Tamiri): "Non trova mai riposo" - cf. RV 711a I: 13
    • Aria (Tamiri): "All'or lieta sarò"
  • Scene 2. Aria (Tamiri): "Forse, o caro, in questi accenti" - cf. RV 711d III: 3rd
    • Aria (Farnace): "Leon feroce" - cf. RV 711d I: 13
  • Scene 4. Aria (Gilade): "Son vaghi gl'Allori"
  • Scene 5. Aria (Selinda): "Ti vandasti mio Guerriero" - cf. RV 711d III: 5th
  • Scene 8th Quartet (Tamiri, Pompeo, Berenice, Farnace): “Io crudel? Giusto rigore "- cf. RV 711d III: 8
  • Scene 9. Aria (Aquilio): "Furie dell'Erebo"
  • Scene 13. Choir: “Coronata da Gigli, e di Rose” - cf. RV 711d III: 13

Recordings

In 2001 Jordi Savall performed the version for Venice 1727 - with sprinkles from the setting of the same material by Francesco Corselli for Madrid in 1739 - at the Madrid Teatro de la Zarzuela with the following cast. (The recording of these performances was released as a CD edition in 2002.)

Nine years later, Fréderic Dalamea , who had already made many recordings of vivaldiopes, and Diego Fasolis took on the unfinished manuscript of the score for Ferrara and reconstructed the missing third act. The result was a reconstructed version, which was included as a studio recording in 2011 Virgin Classics / EMI was released as a CD edition. The cast of this version:

If one compares the two versions with one another, it is noticeable that in the first act most of the arias were taken over unchanged and, if necessary, adapted to the different vocal levels of the singers involved or potentially available. In the second act, however, many arias have been entirely rewritten or replaced by borrowings from other operas. For the third act, Fasolis and Dalamea stuck to the models from the third act of the original version from Venice and only set a brilliant aria for Berenice Non trova mai riposo for the originally set Quel candido fiore , which has been handed down in various copies . In the following overview, the arias of the two Vivaldi versions are compared, including the length of the recording on the respective CD and the act / scene assignment according to the libretto.

Farnace
(Venice 1727, recording ALIA VOX [Jordi Savall] 2005) 		Farnace
(Ferrara 1738, recording VIRGIN [Diego Fassolis] 2011)
I, 1 FARNACE: Ricordati que be 3:38 ≈ 3:22 I, 1
I, 2 TAMIRI: Combattono quest'alma 2:55 ≈ 4:27 I, 2
I, 3 CORO: Dell'Eusino con aura seconda 1:42 ≈ 1:53 I, 3
I, 5 CORO: Su campioni, su guerrieri 0:41 ≈ 0:25 I, 5
I, 7 GILADE: Nell 'intimo del petto 3:37 ≈ 4:04 I, 7
I, 8th AQUILIO: Penso che que 'begl'occhi 3:22 ≈ 3:04 I, 8th
I, 9 SELINDA: Al vezzeggiar 5:28 ≈ 6:20 I, 9
I, 12 BERENICE: Da quel ferro che ha svenato 4:25 ≈ 3:41 I, 12
I, 13 TAMIRI: Leon feroce 2:55 TAMIRI: Or Di Roma Forti Eroi 4:09 I, 13
I, 14 POMPEO: Worry l'rato nembo 5:00 POMPEO: Non Trema Senza Stella 4:34 I, 14
II, 1 SELINDA: Lascia di sospirar 3:29 ≈ 2:56 II, 1
      AQUILIO: All Minacce Di Fiera Belva 4:22 II, 2
II, 2 BERENICE: Langue misero quel valore 3:46 BERENICE: Al Tribunal D'amore 3:53 II, 3
II, 3 GILADE: C'è un dolce furore 4:48 GILADE: Quell'usignolo che innamorato 7:31 II, 4
II, 5 FARNACE: Gelido in ogni vena 9:09 FARNACE: Perdona, O Figlio Amato 8:15 II, 6
II, 9 TAMIRI: Arsa da rai cocenti 4:36 TAMIRI: Dividete O Giusti Dèi 5:18 II, 9
II, 10 GILADE: Quel tuo ciglio 1:59 ≈ 4:45 II, 10
II, 11 FARNACE: Spogli pure l'ingiusta Roma 4:03 FARNACE: Gemo In Un Punto E Fremo 2:53 II, 11
II, 12 POMPEO: Roma invitta, ma clemente 4:28 ≈ 4:18 II, 11
II, 13 BERENICE: Lascero d'esser spietata 3:06 BERENICE: Amorosa E Men Irata 3:43 II, 13
II, 14th DUETTO (Selinda e Aquilio): Io sento nel petto 4:04 ≈ 2:54 II, 14th
III, 1 BERENICE: Quel candido fiore 3:22 BERENICE: Non Trova Mai Riposo 3:03 III, 1
III, 2 TAMIRI: Forse o caro in questi accenti 5:59 ≈ 5:49 III, 2
III, 3 FARNACE: Quel torrente che s'innalza 3:38 ≈ 2:55 III, 3
III, 4 GILADE: Scherza l'aura lusinghiera 3:51 ≈ 5:43 III, 4
III, 5 SELINDA: Ti vantasti, mio ​​guerriero 3:46 ≈ 3:14 III, 5
III, 8 QUARTETTO (Berenice, Pompeo, Tamiri, Farnace): Io Crudel? 1:58 ≈ 2:19 III, 8
III, 10 CORO FINALE: Coronata di gigli e di rose 3:26 ≈ 1:09 III, 10

Web links

Commons : Farnace  - collection of images, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ↑ Libretto librettidopera.it
  2. ^ National Library of Turin, Giordano Collection G 36
  3. ^ National Library of Turin, Giordano Collection G 37
  4. ↑ All information is based on the well-founded accompanying article by Fréderic Dalamea in the booklet for the EMI / Virgin recording of the reconstructed version for Farnace 1738 from 2011, there pp. 52–54 (German version).
  5. ^ Peter Ryom : Vivaldi catalog raisonné. Breitkopf & Härtel, Wiesbaden 2007, ISBN 978-3-7651-0372-8 , pp. 403-415.
  6. ^ Work information based on the Ryom catalog on musiqueorguequebec.ca, accessed on November 2, 2019.
  7. ↑ AliaVox AV9822 (2002, 3 CDs)
  8. ↑ EMI Records / Virgin Classics 50999 0709142 1 (2011, 3 CDs)