Ferenc Széchényi

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Ferenc Széchényi [ ˈfɛrɛnʦ ˈseːʧeːɲi ] (also Count Franz Széchényi ; born April 29, 1754 in Fertőszéplak , Hungary ; † December 13, 1820 in Vienna ) was a Hungarian nobleman, politician and the founder of the Hungarian National Library and the Hungarian National Museum .

Portrait of Count Ferenc Széchényi by Johann Ender
Portrait of his wife Julianna Festetics by Johann Ender

Life

Ferenc Széchényi was a member of the Hungarian magnate family Széchenyi . He attended the Theresian Knight Academy in Vienna and entered the civil service. In 1783 Emperor Joseph appointed him deputy to Franz Eszterházy as Ban of Croatia . In 1777 he married Julianna Festetics. The couple had six children, including István Széchenyi , who became a major entrepreneur and state reformer.

He officiated as chief clan of several counties . Because of the abolition of feudal rights by Emperor Josef II , he withdrew from political life in 1785. He and his brother-in-law György Festetics founded the Georgikon , Hungary's first agricultural research institute on one of his estates in Keszthely on Lake Balaton , and spent a long time abroad.

It was not until Emperor Franz II. From 1798 onwards Széchényi took over important tasks again as chief treasurer of the Kingdom of Hungary and as chief provost of Eisenburg County . He worked as royal commissioner in the regulation of the rivers Drava and Mur . In 1803 he was elected honorary member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1810 he moved entirely to Vienna, in 1814 he moved into a house on Landstrasse , where he ran a literary salon. This salon, also known as the Hofbauerkreis, was romantically and religiously oriented.

Széchényi was enlightened and at the same time a typical representative of the emerging Hungarian patriotism and nationalism. In 1802 he donated his own collections, his library, map, coin and engraving collection to establish the National Library and the National Museum (which were not separated until 1949). He published the library's first printed catalog at his own expense.

Fonts

  • Catalogus Bibliothecae Hungaricae. Sopron , 1799 és index plague 1800.
  • Supplementum I-II és Index 1807.
  • Catalogus manuscriptum I-III Sopron 1814/15.
  • Catalogus nummorum Hungariae ac Transylvaniae instituti nat. Széchenyiani II-III, az Appendix-szel.

Appreciation

The annual Széchényi Ferenc Prize has been awarded to employees of public collections since 2000 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Ferenc Széchényi  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Constantin von Wurzbach : Széchenyi, Franz Graf . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 41st part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1880, p. 246 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ A b Peter F. Sugar (Ed.): A history of Hungary. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 1990, ISBN 0-253-20867-X , p. 184.
  3. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 237.
  4. ^ Herbert Zeman : The Austrian literature. Your profile at the turn of the 18th to the 19th century (1750–1830). (= Yearbook for Austrian Cultural History Volume 7.) Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Vienna 1979, ISBN 3-201-01119-3 , p. 485.
  5. ^ Katalin Gönczi: The European foundations of the Hungarian legal culture. Legal knowledge transfer and national jurisprudence in Hungary at the time of the Enlightenment and in the pre-March period. (= Legal Cultures of Modern Eastern Europe Volume 4.) Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-465-04040-8 , p. 152.
  6. ↑ The winners  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the Hungarian State Archives accessed on June 26, 2010@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / old.mol.gov.hu  
personal data
SURNAME Széchényi, Ferenc
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian nobleman and politician
DATE OF BIRTH April 29, 1754
PLACE OF BIRTH Fertőszéplak
DATE OF DEATH December 13, 1820
Place of death Vienna