Felt lettuce

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Felt lettuce
Felt lettuce (Homogyne discolor)

Felt lettuce ( Homogyne discolor )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Senecioneae
Genre : Brandlattich ( Homogyne )
Type : Felt lettuce
Scientific name
Homogyne discolor
( Jacq. ) Cass.

The felt Brandlattich ( Homogyne discolor ), also two-tone Brandlattich called, is a plant from the genus Brandlattich ( Homogyne ) within the family of Compositae (Asteraceae).

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora
Flower heads

Vegetative characteristics

The felt lettuce grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 15 centimeters. The unbranched stem is woolly hairy and usually has two to three scale-shaped stem leaves.

The basal leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leathery leaf blade is rounded and kidney-shaped notched with a width of 10 to 20 millimeters. The shiny upper side of the leaf is almost bare and dark green, with sunken nerves, which makes the leaf blade appear wrinkled. The underside of the leaf is dense gray to white felted.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to August. The single-row bracts are brown-red. There are 30 to 40 light purple to pale red tubular flowers in a terminal cup . The pappus of the achene is dirty white.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 60.

Flower biology

The strongly reduced marginal flowers have a strongly protruding scar lobe, have a stunted coronet, are purely feminine and contain no nectar . The hermaphroditic disk flowers are pre-male . Since the flower visitors - mainly butterflies and flies , only rarely bumblebees  - come across the marginal flowers first, cross- pollination is largely ensured.

Occurrence

The felt lettuce is only widespread from the Eastern Alps from Bavaria to Austria, Italy, Slovenia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. In Germany , the felt lettuce occurs only in the Berchtesgaden Alps .

In Austria , the species is common in the Limestone Alps, and very seldom in the Central Alps from the subalpine to alpine altitude . It is missing in the west ( Vorarlberg and Tyrol ) as well as in Burgenland and Vienna .

This Kalkzeiger prefers stony lawns, dwarf shrub heaths and snow soils as a location . The felt lettuce thrives at altitudes of around 1400 to 2400 meters. The felt lettuce is a character species of the Arabidion caeruleae association, but also occurs in societies of the Poion alpinae.

Systematics

It was first published in 1775 under the name ( Basionym ) Tussilago discolor by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin . The new combination to Homogyne discolor (Jacq.) Cass. was published in 1821 by Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini . Another synonym for Homogyne discolor (Jacq.) Cass. is Tussilago alpina Scop. non L. The scientific genus name Homogyne is derived from the Greek words homos for similar, equal and gyne for woman and refers to the stigmas of the female flowers, which have the same shape as the hermaphrodite flowers. The specific epithet discolor is Latin for different colors or colored and refers to the different colored leaves.

The alpine lettuce ( Homogyne alpina ) is closely related , but is characterized by green leaves on the underside. Homogyne alpina is probably a hybrid of Homogyne discolor and Homogyne sylvestris .

Common names

Other common names are different-colored or two-colored lettuce. The genus Homogyne is also known as alpine lettuce and this species as felted alpine lettuce.

Others

It was previously assumed that the felt lettuce increased the milk yield of the cattle and the milk quality. The popular name “Rahmplätschen” refers to this. However, the felt lettuce is regarded as a " weed " which, due to its small leathery leaves, offers only little food value.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  242 .
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  948 .
  3. ↑ a b Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: W. Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Datasheet Homogyne discolor In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

literature

  • Wendelberger: Alpine plants - flowers, grasses, dwarf shrubs , Munich 1984, ISBN 3-7632-2975-2 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Web links

Commons : Filz-Brandlattich ( Homogyne discolor )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files