Franz von Schneider

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Franz von Schneider, lithograph by Josef Kriehuber , 1854

Franz Seraph Cölestin Schneider , from 1885 Knight von Schneider (born September 28, 1812 in Krems an der Donau , † November 29, 1897 in Vienna ) was an Austrian chemist and doctor.

Life

The son of the master tailor Jakob Schneider and his wife Anna Maria geb. Barth attended high school and the philosophy school in his home town of Krems. In 1833 he came under the religious name of Celestine in the Göttweig one he after two years during the novitiate left again. However, he did not discard his religious name. In 1836 Schneider began studying medicine at the University of Vienna . In 1842 he earned the title of Doctor of Medicine and Master of Obstetrics , in 1843 he received his doctorate in surgery. Schneider then practiced in Herzogenburg until 1846 and then became Adolf Martin Pleischl's assistant at the chair for chemistry at the University of Vienna. Because of his commitment during the March Revolution , Schneider, like Pleischl, was dismissed in 1848 and had to leave Vienna. He went to Prague and worked for Josef Redtenbacher at Charles University . The following year, Schneider applied unsuccessfully for a chair at the Medical and Surgical College in Salzburg . In 1850 he received his habilitation in Vienna in the field of special inorganic and organic chemistry. Two years later he was appointed professor of surgical preparatory science at the Vienna Field Medical School , where he taught physics, chemistry and natural history. In 1853 Schneider was offered a position at the Royal Hungarian University of Pest , but the War Ministry forbade him to accept it. With the transformation of the youth institute into an educational institute for field doctors with the rank of a military academy , Schneider took over the chair of chemistry in 1854. From 1864 to 1866, Schneider was a councilor for the city of Vienna and a member of the commission for the construction of the first Viennese spring water pipeline. In 1868 he was awarded the Order of the Iron Crown III. Class awarded. In 1870 Schneider accepted a call from the University of Vienna and took over the chair for general and medicinal chemistry as successor to Josef Redtenbacher. Between 1875 and 1876 Schneider was the dean of the medical faculty. During this time he called Adolf Lieben to Vienna. In 1876 he had to give up teaching due to the consequences of an eye damage caused by an accident in 1871 and became a medical officer in the Ministry of the Interior. His successor at the university was Ludwig Barth zu Barthenau .

Between 1879 and 1888 Schneider was president of the Supreme Sanitary Council. In 1880 he became Commander of the Franz Joseph Order . In 1885 he was raised to the Austrian knighthood. In 1888 the Ministerialrat retired and was appointed Hofrat. In 1889 he was appointed a lifelong member of the manor house.

Schneider had been married to Therese Edle von Planer since 1850. He was the father of the archaeologist Robert von Schneider , the painter Richard von Schneider and the father-in-law of Anton Weichselbaum .

He was buried in the Weidlinger Friedhof near Vienna.

plant

Schneider was the last Viennese chemist of the old school who combined chemistry and medicine. He was the founder of forensic toxicology in Austria and developed new methods for the detection of arsenic and mercury in the human body. He earned further services through the expansion of the Austrian sanitary system, the first hygienists at the Vienna University were pupils of Schneider. He also prepared a large number of reports.

Publications

  • Principles of General Chemistry , 1851
  • Forensic chemistry, for forensic doctors and lawyers , 1852, editions also appeared in Dutch and Italian
  • The beginnings of chemistry , 1853, 1881
  • Commentary on the new Austrian Pharmacopoeia, 2 volumes, 1855. Digitized edition of the University and State Library in Düsseldorf

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ according to the baptismal register of the Krems-St. Vitus; so also Neue Deutsche Biographie 23 (2007); on the other hand, in the Austrian Biographical Lexicon and in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie , September 13, 1813 is incorrectly stated as the birthday
  2. ^ Obituary by Ludwig Barth
  3. ↑ Weidling parish cemetery book. (PDF) Weidling Parish, December 25, 2018, accessed on March 22, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Schneider, Franz von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schneider, Franz Cölestin von; Schneider, Franz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian chemist and physician
DATE OF BIRTH September 28, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Krems an der Donau , Austrian Empire
DATE OF DEATH November 29, 1897
Place of death Vienna , Austria-Hungary