Frieda Nödl

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Frieda Nödl (born on January 30, 1898 as Friederike Olga Rosenfeld in Vienna ; died on November 15, 1979 there ) was an Austrian social democratic resistance fighter in the corporate state (1934–1938) and against National Socialism (1938–1945). After the Second World War and the end of Nazi rule in Austria , she played a leading role in the reorganization of the SPÖ in 1945 and, as a local politician, was a member of the Vienna municipal council and state parliament from 1945 to 1964 .

Life

Frieda Rosenfeld grew up as the fourth of eight or nine children in the family of a small businessman in Vienna. She was unable to realize her wish to become a doctor because she was unable to attend high school due to her father's illness. In spite of her excellent performance, she was refused a visit to the teacher training institute because she was not raised Catholic . After attending a two- tier business school , she was employed as an accountant for a small company for eight years (1914–23). In addition, she attended various courses to catch up on the school education she had missed. In 1923 she entered into marriage with the school director and social democrat Johann Nödl (died on January 20, 1934).

Political activity

Memorial plaque in the Frieda-Nödl-Hof in Vienna

Frieda Nödl joined the Social Democratic Labor Party (SDAP) in 1930 . In 1931, Aline Furtmüller brought her to the district women's action committee. After the February fighting of 1934 , which resulted in the party being banned by the Dollfuss government , Nödl worked for the now illegal party. She made her apartment and weekend house available for meetings and gave accommodation to members of the Revolutionary Socialists , including Rosa Jochmann and Karl Hans Sailer . Her contact with a prison overseer enabled communication between imprisoned comrades and the underground socialists through cash registers . She also managed the cash desk of the Socialist Workers' Aid (SAH). The money was used to support relatives of political prisoners and to help people escape. As a courier, she also kept in touch with the party leaders who had emigrated to Czechoslovakia . She continued her resistance activity even after Austria was " annexed " to the National Socialist German Reich in March 1938. For example, she helped Karl Hans Sailer to flee to Switzerland and supported Robert Danneberg , Käthe Leichter and Heinrich Steinitz financially.

On July 1, Nödl was betrayed by her long-time resistance companion Johann Pav , who had become an informant after a brief period in Gestapo detention, and was arrested by the Gestapo for helping her RS ​​comrade Sailer to flee. The arrest took place in St. Pölten from a train with which she had gone to the diplomatic mission of the Austrian Socialists in Paris. In a first trial, Nödl and six other defendants, including Wilhelmine Moik , were sentenced to two and a half years in prison for high treason . Käthe Leichter, who was imprisoned at the same time as Nödl, wrote her memoirs there and gave them to her. Nödl's sentence was later extended by two months in a further process for cash smuggling that she had committed together with Leichter. She served the sentence first in the women's prison in Wiener Neudorf , then in the Bavarian prisons in Laufen and Traunstein . After her release, she continued to work in the resistance.

After the end of the Second World War and the Nazi regime , Frieda Nödl was involved in the reorganization of the SPÖ from 1945 and was active in the women's movement. From 1945 to 1964 she was a member of the Vienna City Council and State Parliament with a focus on education, culture and health. Within the SPÖ she was a board member of the SPÖ Vienna and deputy chairman of the club . In addition, she worked from 1945 to 1968 in the women's central committee of the SPÖ and as a district woman leader in the district management of Vienna- Landstrasse . She was a member of the executive committee of the Association of Socialist Freedom Fighters and a member of the board of trustees of the documentation archive of the Austrian Resistance .

In 1960 she received the Gold Medal of Honor for Services to the Republic of Austria and in 1963 the Gold Medal of Honor of the Federal Capital Vienna . A residential complex of the municipality of Vienna built in 1976–1978 in the district of Landstrasse has been named Frieda-Nödl-Hof (see also list of municipal buildings in Vienna-Landstrasse ) since 1984.

Frieda Nödl died in 1979 and is buried in the urn cemetery of the Simmering fire hall .

Awards and honors

The Frieda-Nödl-Hof in Vienna-Landstrasse

Web links

Commons : Frieda Nödl  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Christine Chancellor: Nödl Frieda . In: Ilse Korotin (Ed.): BiografiA. Lexicon of Austrian Women . 2: I-O. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2016, ISBN 978-3-205-79590-2 , pp. 2394-2395, here p. 2394 .
  2. a b Nödl Frieda . In: Felix Czeike (Hrsg.): Historisches Lexikon Wien . tape 4 . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-218-00546-9 , p. 415 (According to Czeike (1995) there were nine children, according to Kanzler (2016) eight.).
  3. ^ Niko Wahl: "Third Reich": The Gestapo informers . In: The time . November 4, 2017, ISSN  0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed March 8, 2020]).
  4. ^ Elke Krasny: City and women. Another topography of Vienna . Ed .: Vienna library in the town hall and authors. Metroverlag, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-902517-78-4 , p. 85-86 .
  5. Frieda Nödl died. In:  The new reminder call. Journal for Freedom, Law and Democracy , issue 12/1979, p. 12 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / dnm.
  6. ^ A b c Viennese politicians: Frieda Nödl. Vienna City and State Archives, accessed on March 8, 2020 .
  7. Honoring Austrian freedom fighters. In:  The new reminder call. Journal for Freedom, Law and Democracy , issue 11/1977, p. 2 (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / dnm.