Fritz Baade

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Fritz Baade (1932 or earlier)
Ceremony on the occasion of Fritz Baade's 80th birthday (right)
Gravestone in the north cemetery in Kiel

Fritz Baade (born January 23, 1893 in Neuruppin ; † May 15, 1974 in Kiel ) was a German economist and politician ( SPD ). From 1948 to 1961 he was director of the Institute for World Economy in Kiel and from 1949 to 1953 he was deputy chairman of the committee for ERP issues of the German Bundestag .

Life

After graduating from the Pforta State School , Baade studied economics, classical philology, art history, theology and medicine at the University of Göttingen , the University of Berlin , the University of Heidelberg and the University of Münster . From 1914 to 1918 he took part in the First World War as a soldier . During the November Revolution he was chairman of the workers 'and soldiers' council and city councilor in Essen .

From 1919 to 1925 he worked as a farmer near Göttingen. In 1922 he received his doctorate as Dr. rer. pole. at the University of Göttingen with the thesis "The economic reform of large companies in pre-capitalist times" .

In 1925, Baade took over the management of the Research Center for Economic Policy in Berlin-Charlottenburg , together with Fritz Naphtali , and from 1928 worked as a lecturer for agricultural markets at the University of Berlin. In 1929 he switched to the Reich Research Center for Agricultural Markets as head of the Reich Ministry of Food . In November 1929 he also became Reich Commissioner at the German Grain Society and in February 1930 also chairman of the German-Polish Rye Commission . In 1932 he was one of the authors of a free trade union anti-cyclical economic stimulus program , the so-called WTB plan . After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, Baade lost all posts and then ran a farm in Kirchmöser until 1934 .

In 1935 Baade emigrated to Turkey, where he worked as a consultant for questions relating to agricultural market organization for the Turkish government in Ankara until 1939 and, among other things, initiated the appointment of Ernst Reuter to Ankara . He then worked as a private economic consultant in Istanbul .

When Turkey's diplomatic relations with the German Empire were broken off, he was interned in Kırşehir in 1944/45 . Together with a geologist, he brought a mineral spring that had been known since ancient times, but then almost dried up, back to life. After the war he brought a young craftsman from Kırşehir to Germany for training and thus laid the foundation for the processing of gemstones that is widespread throughout the country today.

In 1946 he went to the USA as a freelance publicist. There he played a leading role in the successful campaign against the Morgenthau Plan , against industrial dismantling in Germany and for the Marshall Plan . Among other things, he and Christopher Emmet wrote a brochure with the programmatic title Destruction at our Expense. How Dismantling Factories in Germany Helps Inflation in the United States and Sabotages the Marshall Plan , to which ex-President Herbert Hoover wrote the preface (New York, 1947).

In 1948, Baade accepted a call from the University of Kiel as full professor and director of the Institute for World Economics and returned to Germany. After his retirement in 1961, he became director of the Research Institute for Economic Issues in Developing Countries. Baade was a member of the supervisory board of Howaldtswerke AG , chairman of the German-Turkish Society, Senator of the Fraunhofer Society and a member of the board of trustees of the German Ibero-America Foundation.

Political activity

Baade was initially a member of the USPD and when it split up, he joined the moderate wing that merged with the SPD in 1922. From 1918 to 1919 he was chairman of the workers 'and soldiers' council and city councilor in Essen . From 1930 to 1933 he was a member of the Reichstag as a member of the Magdeburg constituency .

From August 10 to 23, 1948, Baade was a member of the constitutional convention on Herrenchiemsee as the representative of the state of Schleswig-Holstein . From 1949 to 1965 he was a member of the German Bundestag and there from 1949 to 1953 deputy chairman of the committee for ERP issues and from 1953 to 1957 deputy chairman of the subcommittee on cartel law of the committee for food, agriculture and forestry. He first entered the Bundestag via the Schleswig-Holstein state list , but in 1961 as a directly elected member of the constituency of Kiel .

Awards

Baade was made an honorary citizen of the Turkish city of Kırşehir in 1959, as he brought a healing spring back up and running there during his internment (1944/45). The city owes its current prosperity to the spring. In 1966 he was appointed Honorary Consul General of the Turkish Republic in Kiel. In 1964 Fritz Baade became the Dr. honoris causa from the University of Seville. In 1970, Baade received the City of Kiel's Culture Prize .

Publications

  • Fateful years of German agriculture , Nowawes 1933.
  • Bread for all of Europe. Basics and development possibilities of European agriculture , Hamburg 1952.
  • World Food Economy , Hamburg 1956.
  • World energy economy. Atomic energy - immediate program or future planning? Hamburg 1958.
  • German agriculture in the common market , Baden-Baden 1958.
  • The race to the year 2000. Our future: A paradise or the self-destruction of humanity , Hamburg 1960.
  • ... because they should be full. Strategy of the world fight against hunger , Hamburg 1964.
  • Dynamic world economy , Munich 1969.
  • Worldwide prosperity , Hamburg 1970, ISBN 3-7979-1508-X .
  • Problems of family planning in developing countries , Hanover 1970.
  • German agriculture in the struggle for the European agricultural market , Baden-Baden 1971, ISBN 3-7890-0020-5 .

literature

  • H. Paetzmann: Fritz Baade. In: Present Problems of Agricultural Economics. Festschrift for Fritz Baade on his 65th birthday. Edited by the Institute for the World Economy, 1958, pp. 1–15.
  • Martin Schumacher (Hrsg.): MdR The Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation, 1933–1945. A biographical documentation . 3rd, considerably expanded and revised edition. Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-5183-1 .
  • Michael Ruck : Baade, Fritz (1893–1974). In: Biographical Dictionary of European Labor Leaders. Edited by A. Thomas Lane et al. a., Volume 1, Westport, Ct./London 1995, ISBN 0-313-29899-8 , pp. 38-39.
  • Reiner Möckelmann : Ankara waiting room. Ernst Reuter - exile and return to Berlin. Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag 2013, ISBN 978-3-8305-3143-2 , pp. 130-140.

Web links

Commons : Fritz Baade  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ belonging to the ADGB
  2. ↑ a b Fritz Baade in: Der Spiegel from January 21, 1959. Retrieved on May 26, 2011.
  3. ^ Fritz Baade in: Die Zeit 1966. Retrieved on October 19, 2012.
  4. ↑ joseffelder.de ( MS Word ; 22 kB) Retrieved on October 28, 2012.
  5. ↑ kiel.de: kiel.de , undated. Retrieved on February 10, 2014.
personal data
SURNAME Baade, Fritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German economist and politician (USPD, SPD), MdR, MdB
DATE OF BIRTH January 23, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Neuruppin
DATE OF DEATH May 15, 1974
Place of death Kiel