Görnitzbach (White Elster)

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Görnitzbach
Data
Water code DE : 566136
location Germany, Saxony
River system Elbe
Drain over White Elster  → Saale  → Elbe  → North Sea
source north of Schöneck / Vogtl.
50 ° 24 ′ 7 ″  N , 12 ° 20 ′ 30 ″  E
Source height about  749  m above sea level NHN
muzzle south of Oelsnitz / Vogtl. Coordinates: 50 ° 24 ′ 2 "  N , 12 ° 11 ′ 4"  E 50 ° 24 ′ 2 "  N , 12 ° 11 ′ 4"  E
Mouth height 394.4  m above sea level NHN
Height difference about 354.6 m
Bottom slope about 23 ‰
length 15.2 km
Catchment area 45.9 km²
Left tributaries Krählohbach, Kottengrüner Bach
Right tributaries Seifenbach

The Görnitzbach is an approximately 15 km long right tributary of the White Elster in Vogtland .

course

The stream rises immediately north of Schöneck / Vogtl. on the western edge of the Saxon Ore Mountains in the microgeochore plateaus near Schöneck . The area forms the watershed of the river systems Weisse Elster , Eger and Zwickauer Mulde .

First the stream runs northwest in a strongly asymmetrical valley with the steep Hölleiten on the left bank and a flat slope on the right bank. At the tooth mill south of Werda , the stream breaks through the quartzitic phyllite . Here it turns its course by about 90 ° and flows following the slope of the Erzgebirge - like Würschnitzbach , Eisenbach and Schwarzbach - to the west-southwest. With the exception of Raasdorf, there is no major settlement on its banks. At the Tanzermühle near Görnitz , south of Oelsnitz / Vogtl. it flows into the White Elster.

Tributaries

  • Gereinbächel (right)
  • Kornaer Wiesenbach (right)
  • Pöhlbach (left)
  • Arnoldsgrüner Dorfbach (left)
  • Krählohbach (right)
  • Kottengrüner Bach (right)
  • Seifenbach (left)

Economic use

Mills

The water-rich Görnitzbach was used for many centuries on almost the entire running route through mills. They made the valley known as "Neunmühlental". From the source to the mouth, these are: Upper and Lower Haselmühle, Muckenmühle (demolished), Zahnmühle (also Jahnsmühle), Kornmühle, Spitzmühle, Holzmühle, Obere Raasdorfer Mühle (also Simonmühle) and Untere Raasdorfer Mühle.

River pearl fishing

The clean water of the White Elster and its tributaries was used for pearl fishing for many centuries. The subject was the freshwater pearl mussel ( Margaritifera margaritifera ). As early as 1621, Elector Johann Georg I recognized the importance and declared pearl fishing to be a regal . As a result, only certain people were allowed to win the pearls, which was the case approximately every 10 to 12 years. From 1849 lived especially in Adorf / Vogtl. the mother-of-pearl industry started by processing the mussels.

rafting

From the Muckenmühle the water was floodable. However, rafting repeatedly caused damage to the mussel beds.

Protected areas

The stream and valley are protected several times. Together with the Würschnitzbach, which runs roughly parallel, it forms the 291 hectare FFH area Görnitzbach- and Würschnitzbachtal . The protection of a narrow strip to the left and right of the stream begins at the Haselmühle and extends to the confluence with the White Elster, with the exception of the Raasdorf settlement. The river lamprey and bullhead are particularly worthy of protection . The Görnitztal landscape protection area is 2000 hectares in size and also includes a wide strip from about the Haselmühle to the confluence of the Kottengrüner Bach near Zaulsdorf . In the source area is the FFH area mountain meadows and moor locations near Schöneck and the Sohrwiesen nature reserve .

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Saxony Atlas
  2. ↑ a b Map of the Saxony water balance portal
  3. ↑ Natural space map service of the Landschaftsforschungszentrum eV Dresden ( information )
  4. ^ E. Weise, M. Schröter: Sheet 143: Section Oelsnitz-Bergen . In: Explanations of the special geological map of the Kingdom of Saxony . 1890, p. 2 .
  5. ↑ Protected areas on the Görnitzbach on the BfN map service