Georg Domaschnian

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Georg Domaschnian 1917

Georg Domaschnian , Romanian : Gheorghe Domăşnean , also Gheorghe Domăşneanu (born October 20, 1868 in Mehadia , Austria-Hungary ; † September 18, 1940 in Timișoara ) was a Romanian kuk chief of staff , major general and, after 1918, Romanian division general , politician and mayor of Timișoara (Timisoara) .

Life

In Austria-Hungary

Austro-Hungarian infantry on the Isonzo
Romanian army in Timisoara, August 3, 1919

Domaschnian was the son of the sergeant in the Banat border regiment Iancu and his wife Ana. After attending elementary school in Orschowa , his father registered him at the military secondary school in Eisenstadt . Then he attended the higher military school in Weißkirchen , which he graduated with excellent results. With the help of General Trajan Doda , he was accepted at the Theresian Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt , which he graduated as the best of his year.

After graduating from the academy in 1890 he was transferred as a lieutenant at his request to the 43rd Infantry Regiment in Caransebeş and was soon allowed to attend the kuk war school, which he in turn graduated as the best of his year. Therefore, in addition to the rank tour, he was promoted to captain on November 1, 1900 and assigned to the operations office of the General Staff.

The officer was transferred to fortress Riva on March 12, 1906 with the rank of major in the general staff , and then on March 20, 1911 to the 5th department of the Austro-Hungarian Reich Ministry of War . After his promotion to lieutenant colonel in the General Staff on May 1, 1911, he was appointed Head of Department of the 5th Department of the War Ministry on October 21 of that year. In this office he was promoted to colonel in the general staff on November 1, 1913 . As head of the 5th department, he was responsible for operational matters, fortifications of the Reich, communications, post and telegraph systems, troop deployment and tactical training for the army, regulations, general staff and matters of the pioneer troops , then the specialist training institutions.

Domaschnian was Chief of Staff of the 10th Army from April 14, 1914 until the end of the war. During the war he took part in the battles for the bridgehead near Gorizia (November 25-29, 1915) as commander of the 60th Infantry Brigade during the Fourth Isonzo Battle , which ultimately led to the failure of the Italian breakthrough attempts. There he had taken over the section near Oslavija, where violent and ultimately successful fighting broke out. For his commitment, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Austrian Imperial Leopold Order (KD.) And the Military Merit Cross (KD.). The officer became major general on August 1, 1917 (with rank of September 7th of that year) and fought on the home front in Tyrol from June 15, 1918 .

He retired as an Austrian general on January 1, 1919.

In the Kingdom of Romania

National Theater and Opera House Timișoara

After the Great Unification he entered Romanian service with the rank of division general and placed himself at the disposal of the Governing Council of Transylvania, Banat and the Romanian provinces in Hungary in Sibiu under Iuliu Maniu . Here he was charged with organizing a national army in Transylvania and the Banat . In this role he set up four Romanian divisions and organized the gendarmerie in both regions. He then supported Johann Boeriu von Polichna in the campaign against Hungary . He then rejected the proposal of Corps General Constantin Cristescu to become Deputy Chief of Staff of the Romanian Army under that position and preferred to stay in the Banat and take over the 19th Division based in Timișoara. In 1919 he was elected chairman of the property company in Caransebeş. At the end of 1920 the officer finally retired and was still decorated with the Order of the Crown of Romania in the class of a Grand Officer.

After completing his military career, he became politically active and was the first Romanian mayor of Timișoara from March 9, 1929 to December 23, 1929. In this capacity, he implemented a number of projects for the benefit of the citizens: the relocation of the railway line from Timișoara to Buziaș , which had previously crossed the city, the completion of construction work on the "Capitol" (originally intended as the house of the Philharmonic, now an opera and theater of the city) as well as support for the construction of a metropolis and the construction of a cathedral. During his tenure he gave up all diets and lived on his military pension. A Hungarian-language newspaper called the "Titan of Honesty". As a result, he financed the publication of the magazine "Ananlele Banatului" and the construction of the monument for the doctor and writer Pavel Vasici-Ungureanu .

In recognition of his commitment, the general was made an honorary citizen of the city of Timisoara on November 30, 1930 . On April 3, 1931, King Carol II gave him a high Romanian award, namely the Commander's Cross of the Order of King Ferdinand I.

A square and the local tram and bus stop were named after him in Timișoara: Piaţa General Gheorghe Domăşnean.

Awards (selection)

The general was decorated several times.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c General Alexandru Lupu ( Memento from February 11, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), Druckeria
  2. ^ The K. and K. War School 1852–1902, Verlag LW Seidel & Sohn, Vienna 1903, p. 167
  3. ↑ Günther Kronenbitter: "War in Peace: The Leadership of the Austro-Hungarian Army and Austria-Hungary's Great Power Policy 1906-1914", Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH, Munich 2003, p. 566
  4. ↑ Peter Broucek: "A General in Twilight - The Memories of Edmund Glaises von Horstenau", Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachf. GmbH, Graz 1980, p. 318
  5. ↑ The Austro-Hungarian War Ministry 1914 , on weltkriege.at/
  6. ↑ Armées. Détachements d'armée. ( Memento from June 20, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ^ Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: The kk or kuk Generalität 1816–1918, Austrian State Archives, 1907, p. 37
  8. ↑ Maximilian Ehnl, Edwin Freiherr von Sacken: "Austria-Hungary's Last War, 1914-1918", Volume 3, Verlag der Militärwissenschaftlichen Mitteilungen, 1931, p. 504 f.
  9. ↑ Piaţa General Gheorghe Domăşnean din timisoara , on timisoreni.ro
  10. ↑ Postcode , on codpostal.co
  11. ^ High-life-almanach, Volume 9, Vienna 1913, p. 59
  12. ↑ Ranking lists of the Imperial and Royal Army 1916: completed with Personnel Ordinance Sheet No. 44/16, partially corrected to Personnel Ordinance Sheet No. 66/16, KK Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1916, p. 33

literature

  • Peter Broucek : "A General in Twilight - The Memories of Edmund Glaises von Horstenau", Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachf. GmbH, Graz 1980, pp. 318–321
  • Free New Press No. 18590 of Wednesday, May 24, 1916 (features): "Oslavija, the dead hill"

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Domaschnian, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Domăşnean, Gheorghe; Domăşneanu, Gheorghe
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austro-Hungarian major general, then Romanian division general and politician
DATE OF BIRTH October 20, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Mehadia , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH September 18, 1940
Place of death Timișoara