Georgengarten (Hanover)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lawn in the Georgengarten

The Georgengarten in Hanover 's Nordstadt district is a city park in the style of an English landscape garden . Together with the Great Garden , the Berggarten and the Welfengarten , it belongs to the Herrenhausen Gardens .

history

The history of the Georgengarten began in 1700, when country estates of the Electorate of Hanover were built in the floodplain of the Leine (also known as Leinemasch) . In 1726, the two-kilometer-long, four-row Herrenhäuser Allee , which connected Herrenhausen Palace with Hanover, was laid out. In 1768, Count Johann Ludwig von Wallmoden-Gimborn bought the gardens belonging to the noble country estates and combined them to form the "Wallmodengarten". The Wallmodenschloss was built between 1781 and 1796 and from then on housed the count's art collection. In 1826, two garden houses based on plans by Georg Ludwig Friedrich Laves were added in the immediate vicinity of the Wallmodenschloss.

From 1828 to 1843 the park was converted into an English landscape park. The watercourses of the former individual gardens were enlarged into ponds. The converted park was renamed Georgengarten after George IV of Hanover . From 1835 to 1841, the gardener Christian Schaumburg was responsible for the redesign. During this time, three bridges were built according to plans by Laves: in 1837 the Fahrbrücke , in 1840 the Augustenbrücke and in the same year the still preserved Friederikenbrücke , which connects the Great Garden with the Georgengarten across the Graft . In the meantime, the Wallmodenschloss was renamed the Georgenpalais ; today it houses the Wilhelm Busch Museum .

In 1857, also based on plans by Laves, a gate system was built at the end of Herrenhäuser Allee facing Königsworther Platz . The other end of the avenue is at the orangery of the Great Garden, where the main entrance to the baroque complex is located. The gate was demolished in the 1960s and a replica with some of the original stones of the pillars was rebuilt in July 2007.

The city of Hanover bought the park in 1921. The use as a vegetable patch during and the destruction at the end of the Second World War required extensive renovation work to restore the old shape.

In 1935 the Leibniz Temple was erected in the middle of the Georgengarten in honor of the scholar Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz . The Monopteros was built from 1787 to 1790 on what was then Paradeplatz (later Waterlooplatz ).

  • Herrenhausen Garden Festival in the Georgengarten, on the right the Leibniz Temple

  • Augustenbrücke, in the background the Leibniz Temple

  • Friederiken Bridge to the Great Garden

  • Deadwood in the Georgengarten

  • The dog stone , an approx. 12 m high obelisk (2018)

Herrenhausen avenue

The almost two kilometer long Herrenhäuser Allee was laid out in 1726 as a connection between Hanover's old town and the Herrenhausen Palace. The avenue, consisting of four rows of linden trees, consisted of three paths: the middle one was reserved for carriages, and one outer path was intended for riders and pedestrians. At the end of the avenue, Laves created the library pavilion as an eye-catcher in 1819 .

Herrenhausen avenue

The master baker and grain dealer Johann Gerhard Helmcke (1750–1824) saved Herrenhäuser Allee from being cut down by the Napoleonic occupation forces by paying 3,000 thalers, which demanded compensation for unpaid contribution fines. Herrenhäuser Allee suffered severe damage in the Second World War. In the post-war period, it was partially destroyed by fuel from British armed forces vehicles that seeped into the ground.

Between 1972 and 1974 the avenue was completely renewed by planting 1,300 linden trees. The actual length before the rebuilding was about 1.87 km, which corresponds to one nautical mile and was a common unit of length at that time.

literature

  • Nik Barlo Jr., Hanae Komachi, Henning Queren: Herrenhausen Gardens . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2006. Illustrated book (144 pages). ISBN 3-356-01153-7
  • Friedrich Lindau: Hanover - the courtly area Herrenhausen. How the city deals with the monuments of its feudal era . With a foreword by Wolfgang Schächen . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich (among others) 2003. ISBN 3-422-06424-9
  • Waldemar R. Röhrbein : The rescue of the Herrenhausen Gardens. In: Waldemar R. Röhrbein (Ed.): Preserve your home, shape your home. Contributions to the 100th anniversary of the Heimatbund Lower Saxony. Hannover 2001. pp. 95-99
  • Waldemar R. Röhrbein: Herrenhausen: Alleen, garden theater and the reconstruction of the castle - a discussion without end? In: Waldemar R. Röhrbein (Ed.): Preserve your home, shape your home. Contributions to the 100th anniversary of the Heimatbund Lower Saxony. Hanover 2001. pp. 118-126
  • “Back to nature” - the idea and history of the Georgengarten in Hanover-Herrenhausen (publisher: Wilhelm-Busch-Gesellschaft and Green Space Office of the State Capital Hanover), Göttingen 1997. ISBN 3-89244-250-9
  • Rainer Schomann (Ed.), Urs Boeck : Georgengarten in Hanover In: Historical gardens in Lower Saxony, catalog for the state exhibition, opening on June 9, 2000 in the foyer of the Lower Saxony state parliament in Hanover . Hannover, 2000, pp. 126-127.

Web links

Commons : Georgengarten  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Helmcke, Johann Gerhard. In: Dirk Böttcher , Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen : Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 162 and others, online via Google books

Coordinates: 52 ° 23 '10.1 "  N , 9 ° 42' 27.9"  E