Grigorovich ROM-1
| Grigorowitsch ROM-1 (MDR-1, MR-3) |
|
|---|---|
| Type: | Maritime patrol |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
1927 |
| Commissioning: |
- |
| Production time: |
1925-1927 |
| Number of pieces: |
1 |
.svg){kind=small}
The Grigorowitsch ROM-1 ( Russian Григорович РОМ-1 ) is a Soviet flying boat that was developed in the late 1920s. The abbreviation ROM stood for the planned use as a maritime patrol aircraft (разведчик открытого моря, raswedtschik otkrytowo morja). Further designations, also reflecting the intended use, were MDR-1 (морской дальний разведчик, morskoi dalni raswedtschik) and MR-3 (морской разведчик, morskoi raswedtschik).
development
The OMOS design office was founded in the summer of 1925 and its first task was to develop a multi-engine flying boat that should be suitable for sea surveillance. For the head of the group, Dmitri Grigorowitsch , it was the first construction of this size, as he had previously only dealt with the construction of smaller, single-engine flying boats. Since, according to the requirement, the model was to have an all-metal hull, work began with the procurement of the required Kolchu aluminum and the establishment of a metalworking workshop. Due to the lack of experience in the area, the hull structure, for which Vadim Shavrov was responsible, was simplified as much as possible. P. D. Samsonow took over the construction of the supporting structure and engine installation. The wing was traditionally made of wood. However, during load tests in the spring of 1927, insufficient strength was found. The necessary reinforcement of the wing center section and the installation of a second box spar resulted in an increase in weight of 600 kg over the calculated value! In addition, the center of gravity was too far back . To compensate for this, the front traction motor had to be moved forward and additionally supported on the fuselage with two struts, which in turn led to an extension of the engine nacelle.
The resulting flying boat showed a strong resemblance to the German Dornier Wal , in particular with regard to the arrangement of the wings, the push / pull tandem motors and the use of stub wings. The air forces bought 20 of this flying boat in April 1927 through the front company Metalloimport . They came from Dornier's Italian subsidiary in Marina di Pisa and were shipped across the Black Sea between October 1927 and May 1928. Robert Bartini , an Italian communist and designer who emigrated to the Soviet Union, was responsible for their acceptance . Significantly, Bartini then switched to the ROM-1 design group. It can therefore be assumed that some features of the whale were incorporated into the design of the ROM-1.
Shortly before the winter of 1927, the construction was completed and the pilot L. I. Giksa immediately carried out the first flight in Leningrad . After a few flights, the ROM-1 was flown over in November by the pilot S. T. Rybalchuk to the Black Sea in Sevastopol , where testing continued. The final assessment in autumn 1928 classified the ROM-1 as unsuitable for military use. The program was therefore terminated and OMOS turned to the further development of ROM-2 .
construction
The ROM-1 was a stripped high- wing aircraft in composite construction . The two-stage hull had a pentagonal cross-section with a dead-up of 12 °. The wing consisted of a wooden frame that was planked with 2 mm veneer wood from the edge of the nose up to the level of the rear of the two spars and covered with fabric in the remaining part. It had a Göttingen 426 profile that was changed over the span and a Göttingen 420 in the area of the struts . The stub wings with a span of 9.7 m, at the ends of which there was a single-stage float , ended in two struts that were connected to the upper wing. The tail unit consisted of a fabric-covered aluminum frame, the horizontal stabilizer of which was supported towards the fuselage with I-posts.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| crew | 4th |
| span | 28.00 m (top) 9.7 m (bottom) |
| length | 16.00 m |
| height | 6.06 m |
| Wing area | 86.6 m² (upper wing) 104.6 m² (total) |
| Empty mass | 4518 kg |
| Takeoff mass | normal 5829 kg maximum 6075 kg |
| drive | two liquid-cooled Lorraine-Dietrich 12Cc in - line engines with 331 kW (450 hp) each |
| Top speed | 165 km / h near the ground |
| Marching speed | 132 km / h |
| Take-off / landing speed | 118 km / h / 85 km / h |
| Rate of climb | 99 m / min |
| Rise time | 10.1 min at 1000 m 25.3 at 2000 m 54 min at 3000 m |
| Range | 800 km |
| Flight duration | 5 h |
| Summit height | practically 3470 m |
| Armament | four machine guns in two defense positions Tur-4 and Tur-5 |
literature
- Vadim Schawrow: Aircraft constructions in the years of socialist industrialization (4) . In: Aviator Calendar of the GDR 1982 . Military Publishing House of the GDR, Berlin 1981, p. 171-174 .
Web links
- Григорович РОМ-1. Retrieved May 16, 2017 (Russian, history, dates, and photos).
- РАЗВЕДЧИК ОТКРЫТОГО МОРЯ РОМ-1 (МР-3). Retrieved May 17, 2017 (Russian, history, dates, and photos).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Who? When? What? In: Fliegerrevue . No. 2/1986 , p. 60/61 .
- ↑ Dimitri Alexejewitsch Sobolew: German traces in Soviet aviation history . Mittler, 2000, ISBN 3-8132-0675-0 , pp. 53/54 .
- ↑ Technical data on airwar.ru. Retrieved May 15, 2017 (Russian).